经济学专有名词-中英对照

A-1-经济学专有名词Aaccounting:会计accountingcost:会计成本accountingprofit:会计利润adverseselection:逆向选择allocation配置allocationofresources:资源配置allocativeefficiency:配置效率antitrustlegislation:反托拉斯法arcelasticity:弧弹性Arrow'simpossibilitytheorem:阿罗不可能定理Assumption:假设asymetricinformation:非对称性信息average:平均averagecost:平均成本averagecostpricing:平均成本定价法averagefixedcost:平均固定成本averageproductofcapital:资本平均产量averageproductoflabour:劳动平均产量A-2-averagerevenue:平均收益averagetotalcost:平均总成本averagevariablecost:平均可变成本B3Bbarrierstoentry:进入壁垒baseyear:基年bilateralmonopoly:双边垄断benefit:收益blackmarket:黑市blisspoint:极乐点boundarypoint:边界点breakevenpoint:收支相抵点budget:预算budgetconstraint:预算约束budgetline:预算线budgetset预算集C4Ccapital:资本capitalstock:资本存量capitaloutputratio:资本产出比率capitalism:资本主义cardinalutilitytheory:基数效用论cartel:卡特尔ceterispuribusassumption:“其他条件不变”的假设ceterispuribusdemandcurve:其他因素不变的需求曲线Chamberlinmodel:张伯伦模型changeindemand:需求变化changeinquantitydemanded:需求量变化changeinquantitysupplied:供给量变化changeinsupply:供给变化choice:选择closedset:闭集C5Coasetheorem:科斯定理Cobb—Douglasproductionfunction:柯布--道格拉斯生产函数cobwebmodel:蛛网模型collectivebargaining:集体协议工资collusion:合谋commandeconomy:指令经济commodity:商品commoditycombination:商品组合commoditymarket:商品市场commodityspace:商品空间commonproperty:公用财产comparativestaticanalysis:比较静态分析compensatedbudgetline:补偿预算线compensateddemandfunction:补偿需求函数compensationprinciples:补偿原则compensatingvariationinincome:收入补偿变量competition:竞争competitivemarket:竞争性市场complementgoods:互补品completeinformation:完全信息C6completeness:完备性conditionforefficiencyinexchange:交换的最优条件conditionforefficiencyinproduction:生产的最优条件concave:凹concavefunction:凹函数concavepreference:凹偏好consistence:一致性constantcostindustry:成本不变产业constantreturnstoscale:规模报酬不变constraints:约束consumer:消费者consumerbehavior:消费者行为consumerchoice:消费者选择consumerequilibrium:消费者均衡consumeroptimization:消费者优化consumerpreference:消费者偏好consumersurplus:消费者剩余consumertheory:消费者理论consumption:消费consumptionbundle:消费束C7consumptioncombination:消费组合consumptionpossibilitycurve:消费可能曲线consumptionpossibilityfrontier:消费可能性前沿consumptionset:消费集consumptionspace:消费空间continuity:连续性continuousfunction:连续函数contractcurve:契约曲线convex:凸convexfunction:凸函数convexpreference:凸偏好convexset:凸集corporatlon:公司cost:成本costbenefitanalysis:成本收益分costfunction:成本函数costminimization:成本极小化Cournotequilihrium:古诺均衡Cournotmodel:古诺模型Cross—priceelasticity:交叉价格弹性D8Ddead—weightsloss:重负损失decreasingcostindustry:成本递减产业decreasingreturnstoscale:规模报酬递减deduction:演绎法demand:需求demandcurve:需求曲线demandelasticity:需求弹性demandfunction:需求函数demandprice:需求价格demandschedule:需求表depreciation:折旧derivative:导数derivedemand:派生需求differenceequation:差分方程differentialequation:微分方程differentiatedgood:差异商品differentiatedoligoply:差异寡头diminishingmarginalsubstitution:边际替代率递减diminishingmarginalreturn:收益递减D9diminishingmarginalutility:边际效用递减directapproach:直接法directtaxes:直接税discounting:贴税、折扣diseconomiesofscale:规模不经济disequilibrium:非均衡distribution:分配divisionoflabour:劳动分工distributiontheoryofmarginalproductivity:边际生产率分配论duoupoly:双头垄断、双寡duality:对偶durablegoods:耐用品dynamicanalysis:动态分析dynamicmodels:动态模型E10EEconomicagents:经济行为者economiccost:经济成本economicefficiency:经济效率economicgoods:经济物品economicman:经济人economicmode:经济模型economicprofit:经济利润economicregionofproduction:生产的经济区域economicregulation:经济调节economicrent:经济租金exchange:交换economics:经济学exchangeefficiency:交换效率economy:经济exchangecontractcurve:交换契约曲线economyofscale:规模经济Edgeworthboxdiagram:埃奇沃思图exclusion:排斥性、排他性Edgeworthcontractcurve:埃奇沃思契约线E11Edgeworthmodel:埃奇沃思模型efficiency:效率，效益efficiencyparameter:效率参数elasticity:弹性elasticityofsubstitution:替代弹性endogenousvariable:内生变量endowment:禀赋endowmentofresources:资源禀赋Engelcurve:恩格尔曲线entrepreneur:企业家entrepreneurship:企业家才能entrybarriers:进入壁垒entry/exitdecision:进出决策envolopecurve:包络线equilibrium:均衡equilibriumcondition:均衡条件equilibriumprice:均衡价格equilibriumquantity:均衡产量eqity:公平equivalentvariationinincome:收入等价变量excess—capacitytheorem:过度生产能力定理E12excesssupply:过度供给exchange:交换exchangecontractcurve:交换契约曲线exclusion:排斥性、排他性exclusionprinciple:排他性原则existence:存在性existenceofgeneralequilibrium:总体均衡的存在性exogenousvariables:外生变量expansionpaths:扩展径expectation:期望expectedutility:期望效用expectedvalue:期望值expenditure:支出explicitcost:显性成本externalbenefit:外部收益externalcost:外部成本externaleconomy:外部经济externaldiseconomy:外部不经济externalities:外部性F13FFactor:要素factordemand:要素需求factormarket:要素市场factorsofproduction:生产要素factorsubstitution:要素替代factorsupply:要素供给fallacyofcomposition:合成谬误finalgoods:最终产品firm:企业firms’demandcurveforlabor:企业劳动需求曲线firmsupplycurve:企业供给曲线first-degreepricediscrimination:第一级价格歧视first—ordercondition:一阶条件fixedcosts:固定成本fixedinput:固定投入fixedproportionsproductionfunction:固定比例的生产函数flow:流量fluctuation:波动forwhomtoproduce:为谁生产F14freeentry:自由进入freegoods:自由品，免费品freemobilityofresources:资源自由流动freerider:搭便车，免费搭车function:函数futurevalue:未来值G15Ggametheory:对策论、博弈论generalequilibrium:总体均衡generalgoods:一般商品Giffengoods:吉芬晶收入补偿需求曲线Giffen'sParadox:吉芬之谜Ginicoefficient:吉尼系数goldenrule:黄金规则goods:货物governmentfailure:政府失败governmentregulation:政府调控grandutilitypossibilitycurve:总效用可能曲线grandutilitypossibilityfrontier:总效用可能前沿H16Hheterogeneousproduct:异质产品Hicks—kaldo