现在分词练习与详解

现在分词主动语态被动语态一般式doing/beingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone一．现在分词的一般主动式：doingsthA:定语1)放在名词前（单个现在分词）：remaining20dollarsguidingprincipleanexcitingfilm（名词为物，分词揭示名词的本质特征）burningforests（名词为物，分词表示名词动作的主动进行或发出）aninspiringleader（名词为人，分词揭示名词的本质特征）workingpeasants（名词为人，分词表示名词的动作的主动性，进行性或发出）2)放在名词后（现在分词短语）：thegirlreadingintheclassroom.B：表语放在be或系动词之后，相当于形容词thefilmisquiteinteresting.(主语为物)C：宾语补足语位于这些动词加宾语之后。See/lookat/hear/watch/find/listento/feel/catch/keep/smell/leave/set/observe/notice/count/send/get＋宾语＋doing（现在分词）Theteacherleftthepupilstandingaside.Shewasheardsingingallthetime.Shesuddenlyheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundhimlookingforsomething.D:状语：（1）时间相当于after,before,when,while状语从句，现在分词动作发生在主句动作之前或与主句动作同时发生。Steppingcarelesslyoffthepavement,hewasknockeddownbythebus.（发生在主句动作之前）Arrivingatthestation,hefoundthetrainhadgone.（之前）Hewentout,shuttingthedoorbehindhim.（之后）Walkingthroughthepark,shesawaflowershow.（同时）Talkingakeyoutofhispocket,heopenthedoor.（一个简短动作一发生，另一个动作紧跟着发生）之前。Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Whilewaitingforthetrain,IhadalongtalkwithJane.Herhusbanddiedin1999,leavingherwithtwochildren.Lyingundertheappletree,Newtonwasthinkingandthinking.Thinkingshemustbelate,MissSmithdecidedtotakeataxi.Thereareanumberofstudentswaitingtobeexamined.Herefusedtheoffer,sayingthatthiswouldbetooexpensive.Themanfeelandslipped,gettingoffthebus.某一动作进行时，发生了另一个短暂动作或结果。（2）原因（句首）Beingshortofmoney,Iappliedforthejob.NotseeingJohn,Ican’ttellyouwhathelookslike.（3）方式，伴随：Singingapopsonginalowvoice,hecameintotheyard.Hestoodbythewindow,watchingthechildrenplaying.Shestoppedasifexpectinghimtospeak.Hisparentsarrivedlateforoneday,leavingtheirchildrenbeinghungryforawholeday.（4）结果（后置）Shefell,onlystriking,herheadagainsttherock..Hespreadarumor,leadingtoagreatconfusioninclass.Itrainedheavilycausingseverefloodinthatregion.（5）条件Iftravelingnorth,Iaskedwherehewas.（6）让步knowingallthis,theystillinsistedonpayingforthedamage.Manyboys,havinghadfewadvantagesintheiryouth,haveyetgreatcontributiontotheircountrylater.Unlesspayingbycreditcard,hepaysincash.ThoughunderstandingnoEnglish,hewasabletocommunicatewiththem.(7)独立主格结构shesaidnothing,tearsrunning/coming/rollingdownhercheeks.（伴随）heguidingher,theygothroughtheforest.（方式）Weatherpermitting,wewillhavethematchtomorrow.（条件）Theholidaysbeingover,theybegantheirstudyagain.（时间）Somanypeoplebeingabsent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.（原因）Peterstoodthere,hiseyesneverleavingthewhitehat.（8）with+独立主格结构Shegottosleep,withthelightstillburning.Thestoryisaboutagirlsearchingfortreasure.Wehavegottall,withthetreegrowingtall,too.WithMrBrowntakingthelead,theydecidedtosetupatradingcompany.Hedidn’tgotoschool,withhismotherbeingill.Iplayedunderabigtree,withmyfatherworkinginthefields.二．现在分词的一般被动式beingdoneA:定语（后置）Thegirlbeinginterviewednowisthemanagers’daughter.Theprojectbeingbuiltnowisofgreatimportance.ThebridgebeingbuilttherewillbeoneofthelongestonesinChina.Thisisoneofthemostimportantexperimentsbeingcarriedoninourlab.B:(1)宾语补足语：Shefoundherselfbeingwarmlywelcomedeverywhere.HeheardthequestionbeinghotlydiscussedHewasverysadtoseethetreesbeingcutdownbythevillagers.Someonesawherbeingtakentotheoperatingroom（2）主语补足语.Hewasseenbeingtakenawaybythepolice.IwaskeptwaitingforanothertwohoursC:（1）状语：beingnoticedbysomanypeople,shefeltnervous,Notknowingwhattosay.Beingsupportedbythepeople,theycontinuedstruggling.Beingwelltakencareof,sherecoveredquickly.Notbeingseenbyanyone,heescaped.(2)独立主格结构：thequestionsbeingsettled,wewenthome.（3）with+独立主格结构withthequestionsbeingsettled,wewenthome.三．现在分词的完成主动式A：状语Havingwateredthevegetables,thefarmertookashortrest.Havingseenthefilmtwice,hedidn’twanttogotothecinemawithhiswife.Havingdonehishomework,theboybegantowatchTV.Ididn’tfeelsurprised,havingexpectedallthis.Nothavingdoneitright,Itriedagain.B:独立主格结构Thedarkcloudshavinglifted（消散）,thesunshoneagain.Theriverhavingriseninthenight,thecrossingwasimpossible.Thelasttrainhavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.四．现在分词完成被动式A：状语Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howcouldshegiveitup?Havingbeenturneddownmanytimes,theyoungmenfeltdiscouraged.Nothavingbeenwashedinthecorrectway,thecoathasfaded.(褪色)Havingbeentoldthatsomeguestswerecoming,sheshoppedallmorninginthatsupermarket.Havingbeenbadlyinjuredinthecaraccident,hehadtostayinbedforatleastthreeweeks.B：独立主格结构Thereporthavingbeenread,alivelydiscussionbegan.五．注解式Weredoubledourefforts,eachmanworkingliketwo.六．插入语frankly/strictly/generallyspeaking,womenworkmorecarefullythanmen.Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbethenativeofSichuan.七．主语为物而分词主语是动作的执行者。Theideacanbeexpressedusingasinglesentence.八．当结果状语的分词的逻辑主语为前面整个句子。Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.现在分词练习题1.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,______as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown2.Thedisc,digitally_____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded3.—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand______byt