高考必背考点(虚拟-倒装)

埋头苦读，浴血狂背，追求卓越，挑战极限；从绝望中寻找希望，置之死地而后生；永不放弃追求，人生终将辉煌！1高考必背考点虚拟语气句型：1、虚拟语气句型⑴.动词wish后跟由that引导的宾语从句（that经常被省略），从句谓语要用虚拟语气表示:①主语+wish(that)+主语+did(were)+其它→表示与目前的愿望相反②主语+wish(that)+主语+haddone+其它→表示与过去的愿望想反③主语+wish(that)+主语+would/could+动词原形+其它→表示将来不可能实现的愿望IwishIwereabird.IwishIhadwonthematch.IwishIcouldhelpyou.说明：①wish的时态不影响从句三种时间的判定：如果将wish改为wished其后that从句中的动词形式不变。IwishedIcouldhelpyou.②有时候wish可以用来表示一种客气的请求IwishIcouldseehimnow.Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.③注意wish与hope的区别：两者均可接宾语从句，wish表示愿望，后面的从句要用虚拟语气；hope表示希望，后面从句不用虚拟语气；但是hadhoped后面的宾语从要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用would+动词原形，表示过去未能实现的愿望。Hehadhopedthathewoulddobetterinhiswork.Wehadhopedthatshewouldchangehermind.Ihadhopedthatshewouldanswermyletter.【wish与hope的其它区别：1、都不能接动名词，可接不定式，意义差别不大；2、不能说hopesbtodo,只能说wishsbtodo；3、hope后不能直接接名词作宾语，若要接需要先接for,即hopeforsthHopeforthebest,preparefortheworst.4、wish可接双宾语，hope则不能】2、虚拟语气句型⑵：虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用：从句主句对现在的虚拟If+主语+动词过去式主语+would+动词原形对过去的虚拟If+主语+had+过去分词主语+would+have+过去分词对将来的虚拟If+主语+wereto+动词原形If+主语+should+动词原形主语+would+动词原形IfIdidn’thavesuchanuglyface,Iwouldlivewithmyparents.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgohomenow.Ifyouhadbeenmydad,youwouldnothaveabandonedme.IfIhadbeenrich,Iwouldhavetakencareofyou.Ifmydadshould/weretocometometomorrow,Iwouldteachhimalesson.IfIweretolivemylifeoveragain,Iwouldhaveyouasmylife.句型说明：①在非真实条件句中be不论主语为第几人称，一律用were;②主句中除了用would之外，还可用情态动词could,might,should;③虚拟条件句也可以位于主句之后eg:Youcouldhavedonebetterifyouhadbeenmorecareful.④引导非真实条件句的连接词，除了if这外，以下几种连词引导的从句有时也可用虚拟语气：1）unless除非2),suppose/supposing(that)假如3)provided/providing(that)若……4)evenif即使5）granting/granted(that)即使6)solongas只要7)butthat若不是3、虚拟语气句型⑶：错综时间虚拟条件句——CgZxCxZgIfithadrainedlastnight,itwouldbeverycoldtoday.worldlyf.blog.163.com2IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Ishouldhavenotroublewiththeworknow.Ifyouhadmarriedhim,youwouldbethewifeofagasstationattendantinsteadofthewifeofachiefexecutiveoffice.Mydear,ifhadmarriedhim,hewouldbethechiefexecutiveofficerandyouwouldbethegasstationattendant.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetothefilmlastnight.IfIdidn’tloveher,Iwouldn’thavemarried.说明：错综时间条件句中，特别注意时间状语，在这种情况下必须明确给出时间或通过上下文可以看出时间不同，否则就按虚拟语气句型（3）的形式固定搭配使用。4、虚拟语气句型⑷：倒装虚拟—省略if的虚拟条件句虚拟条件从句中的谓语动词如果是were，had，should的话，可以省略连词if，但要将were，had，should提到前面构成倒装（即主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装）。Hadtheytime(=Iftheyhadtime),theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldgo.5、虚拟语气句型⑸：含蓄虚拟条件句Butforyourhelp,Ishouldnothavesucceeded.Withoutyourhelp,wewouldnotbeabletofinishtheworkintime.Itwouldbeamistakenottohelphim.说明：①“Ifit(be)notfor…”是常见的虚拟条件句的句型，意思是“要不是…”，相当于butfor和withoutIfitwerenotfortheleadershipoftheparty,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.②含蓄条件句可以看成是条件句的简略形式Ifwehadyoursupport,wemightsucceedinperformingourtask.=Withyoursupport,wemightsucceedinperformingourtask.6、虚拟语气句型⑹：跳层虚拟语气陈述句，or+虚拟主句主语+一般现在时的谓语,or+主语+would+动词原形跳层虚拟主语+一般过去时的谓语,or+主语+would+have+过去分词虚拟主句，but+陈述句主语+would+动词原形，but+主语+一般现在时的谓语主语+would+have+过去分词,but+主语+一般过去时的谓语,Wedidn’tknowhistelephone,otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.Hewouldputonweight,buthedoesn’teatmuch.说明：陈述句，or+虚拟主句的这个结构中or还可以是orelse,otherwise.7、虚拟语气句型⑺：虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用在表示要求、建议、命令等动词后的宾语从句中可以使用虚拟语气，其形式是“should+动词原形”或省去should直接有动词原形。这种类型的虚拟语气谓语由should+动词原形构成，无论什么人称都不能用would,should可略去。Idemandedthathe(should)tellmenothingbutthetruth.Hedeterminedthatshegoatonce.说明：①常要求在宾语从句中用虚拟语气的动词有：adviseaskcommanddecidedemanddesiredetermineinsistintendmoveorderpreferpromiseproposerecommendrequestrequiresuggesturge有时，上述动词+宾语从句不是表示主张、建议或要求等，而是表示其他的意义，这时则陈述语气。如当suggest表示“说明了”，“暗示”等含义时，从句用直陈语气而不用虚拟语气。Theexpressiononherfacesuggeststhatsheknowsthesecret.②在埋头苦读，浴血狂背，追求卓越，挑战极限；从绝望中寻找希望，置之死地而后生；永不放弃追求，人生终将辉煌！3expect,believe,think,suspect等动词的动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句经常用“should+动词原形”，表示惊奇、怀疑、不满等。Ineverexpectedthattheproblemshouldbesocomplicated.8、虚拟语气句型⑻：虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的运用英语中专门有一类名词，要求其后的表语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，即用动词原形，或should+动词原形。这些名词大多是前面讲的那些表示建议、命令、要求等动词我同源名词。Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)bethefirsttogo.Myadviceisthatwe(should)sendforDoctorLi.Theordersarethatwestayhere.Theymadethesuggestionthatheleaveatonce.说明：一些表示建议、命令、要求、想法等的名词后的表语从句、同位语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形或只用动词原形。常用的这类名词有：advicecommanddemanddesireideamotionorderplanproposalpreferenceinsistencesuggestionrecommendationrequestrequirementresolution9、虚拟语气句型⑼：虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用虚拟语气在主语从句中表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等。带虚拟语气的主语从句主要有以下三种形式：①Itis+形容词+that+主语+（should）+动词原形Itisnaturalthatyoushouldsayapologytohim.说明：这类形容词主要有：necessaryessentialvitalimportantimperativeurgentadvisableproperobligatorydesirableappropriatefittingstrangenaturalpreferable②Itis+分词+that+主语+（should）+动词原形Itissurprisingthatsheshouldlooksomiserable.她竟会如些伤心，令人感到吃惊。Itwasrequiredthattheworkshouldbefinishedatonce.③Itis+名词+that+主语+（should）+动词原形Itisapitythatyoushouldbecareless.Itisashamethattheyshouldabandontheprojecthalfway.Itisawonderthatheshouldn’tbeconvincedofhismistakes.Itissimplyamiraclethatriceshouldgrowinsuchaplace.10、虚拟语气句型⑽：虚拟语气在方式状语从句中的运用虚拟语气用于asif/asthough引导的方式状语从句中，表示“好像是这样，实际上并非此”。这时从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用过去式（be用were）,表示所说的与现在的事实相反；用过去完成式则表示所说的与过去的事实相反。Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Theytreathimasifhewereoneoftheirfamilies.Hewalksasifheweredrunk.说明：①as