高中英语完形填空方法与技巧讲解

Welcometoourclass!Leading-inGuessthemissingwordsinthesongI’maNewSoul.BrainstormingI’maNewSoulI’ma_______soulIcametothisstrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitabouthowtogiveand_________.ButsinceIcameherefeltthejoyandthe_________findingmyselfmakingeverypossible___________la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la...I’ma________soulinthisverystrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitaboutwhatistrueand________.Butwhyallthishatetrytocommunicatefindingtrustandloveisnotalwayseasytomake.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la...___New_____________________newtakefearmistakeyoungfakeClozetestMethods&Skills命题特点1．完形填空主要是在语篇语境中考查知识。2．完形填空的体裁多以为主，偶有议论文、夹叙夹议的文章或说明文。3．要求选择填空的词常为实词（如名词、动词、形容词、副词等）着重词义辨析能力的考查；代词、冠词、介词、连词（包括从句的连接词）考得较少。4.首句不设空。5.逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）。6.选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式。记叙文词汇跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破完形填空的解题步骤三种主要解题技巧：词汇运用推理判断紧抓主旨利用所学词汇，根据文章大意辨析词义，选出最佳选项，如：Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout_____hisnotes.A.bringupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon【思路点拨】B。此题考查短语动词的区别，这四个短语的基本意义为：bringup“养育，提出，吐出”，referto“论及，谈到，参考”，lookfor“寻找”，tryon“试穿”，根据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。应选B。一、词汇运用二、推理判断我们可以从以下几方面进行推理判断：1、运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”,即语境2、运用复现词语3、运用同义词或近义词4、运用反义词5、运用上下义词6、运用逻辑关系7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。例如：Stevenson,aScotsman,hadlived____formanyyears.In1881hereturnedtoScotlandforaholiday.A.aloneB.nextdoorC.athomeD.abroad1、运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”2、利用复现词语有时为了表达的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_1__.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof_2_.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。IrememberasachildIsaidsomething_______aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,it’sareflectionofyou.”A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual【思路点拨】A。近义词复现，从后暗示unpleasant得知答案。3、利用同义词或近义词语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义的角度判断正确的选项。Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow(浅的).Butinsomeplacesitisvery＿＿.A.highB.deepC.coldD.dangerous4、利用反义词5、利用上下义词上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体。它们是包含与被包含的关系。如：food是bread,noodle,milk,rice的上义词，反之bread,noodle,milk,rice是food的下义词。1.Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother____,specificallyherhearing…（NMET2010湖北卷）A.feelingB.organsC.skillsD.senses2.I…droppedallthecoinsinto…“Itprovedtobeawasteof_______,”Ithought…A.wordsB.effortC.spaceD.money如表示结构层次的firstly,secondly,finally等；如表示并列关系的and,or,besides,aswell(as)等；表示因果关系的thus,therefore,so等，表示改变话题的bytheway；表示递进关系的besides,what’smore,further等，表示转折关系的however,but,while,ontheotherhand等等。做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。6、利用逻辑关系【小试闯关】1.WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.IdecidedtobuyacarbecausewehadsoldtheonewehadinEnglandbefore____home.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting【思路点拨】此题考查行文逻辑中的因果关系、时间先后顺序。从第一句的arrived可知题2选A（leaving）。2.Shewassmallinfigurebutstrongin____.A.brainB.wishC.willD.health根据连词确定选项。7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识了解生活常识，确定相关知识1.Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir____.ThiswasthebeginningofanotherordinarydayinNewYorkCity.A.jobsB.homesC.busesD.offices2.(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe___hospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest三、紧抓主旨作者往往通过首句或首段揭示文章的主旨大意，体现文章的题材、体裁。在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，把握作者的态度或思想情感，这对做好一篇完形有着非常重要的作用，否则可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。Bedtimestoriesareoneofthedelightsofearlychildhood.AccordingtoDr.JulieSpreadburyfromQueenslandUniversity,Parentsshouldnot__1___readingtotheirchildrenaftertheyenterprimaryschool.1.A.speedupB.keepupC.giveupD.holdup解题误区做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应避免几个误区。1、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。2、时间安排不当，做完形填空的时间应控制在15分钟左右。正确的做法是由易到难。Task:Usethemethodsyouhavelearnedtoanalyseyourhomework.Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The1hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationthataredesignedforthe3children.Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.1.A.principleB.theoryC.argumentsD.classification2.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living3.A.smartB.curiousC.matureD.average4.A.regularB.specialC.smallD.creative5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designsPracticemakesperfect!NMET2011GuangdongClozeTestarguedchildrenclassesintellectual____children_____________theseHowevergifted同词（同源词）暗示同一话题暗示同一话题（场景）暗示反义暗示反义暗示因果暗示______________________________________________________________________However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.Iobservedanumberof6childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina7class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying8ontheirteachers’directions.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect9onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs6.A.intelligentB.competentC.ordinaryD.independent7.A.separateB.regularC.newD.boring8.A