中考英语阅读理解回答问题解题技巧讲解

第1页共17页中考英语阅读理解回答问题解题技巧讲解一、考点分析中考D篇阅读难度偏低，但仍有许多学生在相关题型上大面积扣分，很大一部分原因是“答非所问”。根据考纲要求，中考英语D篇阅读分值为：1+2+2+2+2+3（12分）。想要尽可能多得分，必须注意答题细节。§答题的基本步骤1.先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。2.细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。3.复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。§注意事项1.答题有据，避免主观。2.符合原文的答案＝正确答案≠最佳答案3.解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己方法或，实践出真知，多练出效益。二、专题详解★回答问题SECTION解题秘籍★1.顺序原则，注意使用。在确定前一道题的答案以后，在文中标注出来。做下一题的时候，继续往下找，能有效控制答题时间，并提高正确率。2.答题之前，圈关键词（KeyWords）。第2页共17页I.大写、数字、引号优先原则II.5Wh疑问词必须圈划（who,what,when,why,where,how）例如：1.Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?2.WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?3.WhatdidJakedotoprotecthimselffromthecoldtemperatures?4.HowdidJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?5.HowlongdidittakeJakereturntosafetyafterhelosthisski?6.WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.3.注意时态一致，代词一致。例如：（1）Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?（回答用一般过去时，代词用he）WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?（回答用一般过去时，代词用they）WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.（回答用一般过去时，省略Ithink，代词用he）（2）Did…mean?回答：Itmeant…4.Why提问，回答格式2种：I.Because+句子II.……+todo………(这里todo表目的)例如：92.WhydidRedmaynesaythatthisOscarbelongedtoallofthosepeoplearoundtheworldbattlingALS?回答：BecauseheactedasStephenHawkinginthefilmandHawkingwasdiagnosedwith第3页共17页ALS.5.Where和When提问，介词in/on/at等不能遗漏。例如：91.Wherewilltheorphanbearsbesentwhentheyareoldenough?回答：TheywillbetakentoanaturereserveinBryansk.很多人只交代了“inBryansk”，没有提到自然保护区。所以在回答的时要确保答句尽可能的完整。例如：WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?回答：Whentheygottothefootofthemountain.注意：询问时间和地点，答案有时候可能是时间/地点状语从句。6.How提问，用Bydoing…来回答例如：HowdidJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?回答：Byfollowingsomeskitracks.也可以使用完整句式回答：Hefollowedsomeskitracks./Hefoundsomeskitracksandfollowedthose.7.反义和选择疑问句策略：圈划关键定位词I反义疑问句：★如知道：Yes,theydo.★如不知：No,theydon’t.只有这两种回答方式！！！例如：第4页共17页Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?回答：Yes,hedid.如果变换一下题目，改为：Jakedidn’tloseoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didhe?答案依旧是：Yes,hedid.II选择疑问句：例如：Doesagooddetectiveneedmuchknowledgeoragoodassistant?四种回答方式：IAgooddetectiveneedsBoth/neither/muchknowledge/agoodassistant.8.开放问题，积极向上规律：一般而言直接找一个积极向上的形容词回答，避免用good。I.Whatdoyouthinkof...?回答格式：Ithink(that)itis/theyare+adj.可以是helpful,useful,wonderful,amazing,fantastic等一些正方向评价词注意：有时也有负方向评价词：比如：你对于sandstorm的看法？可以是Ithinkitisserious/terrible/awful/dangerous.II.WhatcanyoulearnfromPaul’sstory?回答格式：IcanlearnfromPaul’sstorythat+句子III.两个问题务必分两句回答例如：Doyouthinktheproblemofclimatechangeisserious?Whatshouldyoudo?回答格式：Yes,Ido.Ishouldplantmoretrees.IV.给文章取名字例如：Whatmightbethetitleofthispassage?(InnomorethanTENwords)第5页共17页回答：InternetAddiction./LearntocontrolInternetuse.9.真题讲解：TeenagerJakeDenhamwasskiingwithhisfamilyintheUSAwhenhefelloverandlostoneofhisskis（滑雪板）.Hisfamilydidn’tknowthathehadaproblem.Theykeptonskiing.Whentheygottothefootofthemountain,therewasnosignofJake,whichmadethemveryworried.Jakecouldn’tfindhisskianywhere.Intheend,hedecidedtotakeoffhisotherskiandwalkdownthemountain.Buthecouldn’tworkouttherightwaytogo.Itwasnowgettingdarkandhewasalongwayfromanyplaceofsafety.Heknewthathemightdiethatnightinthecoldtemperatures.ButJakekeptcalm.Athome,JakewatchedalotofTVprogrammesaboutlivingindifficultsituations.Herememberedthetipsfromtheseprogrammesandknewthatheshouldbuildaholeinthesnow.Hemadeaholeandpointeditupthehillsothewindcouldn’tblowintoit.Outsidehishole,thetemperaturedroppedtoadangerous-15℃thatnight,butinsideitJakewassafefromthecold.Buthehadtogetdownthemountain.TheTVprogrammesalwayssaid,“Ifyouarelost,youshouldfindsomeoneelse’stracks（足迹）throughthesnowandfollowthem.”“Iwantedtolivemylife,”remembersJake.“SoIgotupandfoundsomeskitracksandIfollowedthose.”Hewalkedandwalkedandfinallyhesawlights.Ninehoursafterhelosthisski,hefoundateamofworkerswhocametosavehim.Hewassafe!Hismumwasveryhappywhensheheardthenews.Amazingly,Jakedidn’tevenhavetogotohospital.Hegotthroughtheterribleexperiencewithoutanyinjury.88.Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?89.WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?90.WhatdidJakedotoprotecthimselffromthecoldtemperatures?91.HowdidJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?92.HowlongdidittakeJakereturntosafetyafterhelosthisski?93.WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.文中划线部分为88-92题对应习题的答案出处，分析一下易错点：第6页共17页1.88题为“反义疑问句”，分值1分。句式“前肯后否”，可当作一般疑问句（DidJakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing?）回答，大部分学生都能答出Yes,hedid.难度升级，可将原题变为Jakedidn’tloseoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didhe?注意：反义疑问句根据“事实”回答，与提问方式无关，所以答案依旧是Yes,hedid.2.89题为“特殊疑问句，询问时间”，分值2分。从原文能看出回答应用时间状语从句“连接词+从句”。学生习惯于“带着问题找答案”，所以会去原文查找“Jakewasmissing”，错过了答案。阅读理解是在理解的基础上进行作答，所以一般不会直接找到答案，而是通过“同义句”的方式给答案蒙上面纱。“therewasnosignofJake,whichmadethemveryworried”=“Jakewasmissing”,所以答案是Whentheygottothefootofthemountain.3.90题为“特殊疑问句，询问行为措施”，分值2分。同样，原文中找不到“protecthimselffromthecoldtemperatures”，理解文章得知Jake平时看的电视节目有教会他一些防寒措施：做一个冰屋。继续往后文多读几行，很容易发现答案Hemadeaholeinthesnowandpointeditupthehill.4.91题为“特殊疑问句，询问方式”,分值2分。原文是“SoIgotupandfoundsomeskitracksandIfol