人教版英语七年级下册--Unit-3-How-do-you-get-to-school-语法解析

在英语中，表示乘坐某种交通工具1.“take+the/a(an)+交通工具”用于表示“乘……”如：rideabike/takethebus/takethecar/takethetrain.2.“by+交通工具名称”这一介词短语。注：by后的名词一律用单数，而且这一名词前一般不加冠词。bybike/bus/car/train.但是表示步行时要用onfoot.A:Howdoyougettoschool?walkrideabiketakethebustakethesubwaytakethetrainB:toschool.Igotoschoolby+交通工具/onfoot.Summary:take/ridethe/a…to+地点=goto+地点by…e.g.Heoftentakesthesubwaytowork.=Heoftengoestoworkbysubway.注意:当home,here,there作地点时,to不要加.–Howlongdoesittake...–Ittakes...Ittakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人一些时间。其中动词take表示“花费(时间)”。it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“todosth.”,这样可以避免头重脚轻。如：Ittakesmeabouthalfanhourtogettotheplayground.我到操场花了半小时。howlong用来提问时间长短，意为“多长时间”，或询问物体的长度。e.g.Howlongdoyouplaybaseballeveryday?Howlongistheriver?该句型中的“sometime”可用long(长久)、ashorttime(短时)等来表示。如：Itdoesn’ttakelongtowalktoschool，Itonlytakesyouashorttime(towalktoschool).走着去学校花不了多长时间,只花你一小会儿时间。综合这两个语法点，就构成了我们问做某事要花多少时间的问句以及答语。--Howlongdoesittakeyoutotakeabustoschool?--Ittakes(me)onehour(totakeabustoschool).--Howlongdoseittakefromyourhometoschool?--Ittakesonehour.Howlong+一般疑问句。–Howfarisitfrom...to...–It’s(about)...howfar用来提问距离，意为“多远”。其答语分为两种情况。（1）用长度单位回答。--Howfarisitfromyourhometotheradiostation?--It’stwokilometers.（2）用时间表示。--Howfarisitfromthebusstoptoyourhome?--It’sfiveminutes’bikeride.--It’stenminutes’walk.--It’soneminute’scarride.B:It’sabout30kilometers.A:---Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?A:Howdoyougettoschool?B:Itakethesubwaytoschool./Igotoschoolbysubway.A:Howlongdoesittake(youtotakeasubwaytoschool)?B:Ittakes(me)30minutes.WhoHowHowfarHowlongyousubwayAbout30kilometers30minutesHowlongdoesittake?Hetakesa/thebustoschool.Howfarisitfromhishometoschool?It’sabout14kilometers.Ittakes25minutes.HowdoesBobgettoschool?WhoHowHowfarHowlongBobbusabout14kilometers25minutes关于how的用法howadv.指范围、程度、数量、价值等的“多少、多么”。1)用于疑问句中，表示身体怎样。Howisyourbrother?2)用于疑问句中，表示多少、什么程度。Howoldishe?(问年龄）HowmuchbreadcanIeat?(问不可数名词数量）HowmuchistheT-shirt?(问价钱）Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?（问距离）Howlongdoesittakeyoutogetfromhometoschool?（问时间长短）3)(指方式、方法)怎样,怎么Howdidyousolvethisquestion?你是如何解决这个问题的?Howdoyougettoschool?你是如何去学校的？4)用于惊叹句中，表示多么、何等。Howwellyoulook!你看起来多么健康啊！HowIwishtohavealongvacationthesedays!这些天我多么希望去度一次长假啊!Lisa:Hey,Jane.Isthisyournewbike?Jane:Yes,Irideittoschooleveryday.Howdoyougettoschool?Lisa:Iusuallytakethebus.Jane:Howfarisitfromhometoschool?Lisa:I’mnotsure…about10kilometers?Thebusridetakesabout20minutes.I’mnotsure.我不太确定。这是一句表现自己对判断没有十足把握时的固定套语，后常跟一些解释说明的句子。其中的形容词sure表示“肯定的；确定的”，它的疑问形式和肯定形式在口语中也十分常用：Areyousure?你确定吗？I’m(quite)sure.我(十分)肯定。Lisa:Howlongdoesittakeyoutogotoschool?Jane:About15minutesbybike.It’sgoodexercise.Lisa:Yeah.Well,haveagooddayatschool.Jane:You,too.“Haveagoodday.”是一句祝福语，为了避免重复，反过来祝福对方时，常用省略形式“You,too.”但注意回答“Happybirthday!”时要用“Thankyou.”来回答。thinkof认为，想起，想到IthinkofmyEnglishteacherwhenIspeakEnglish.你认为某物/某事怎么样固定句型：Whatdoyouthinkof…？=Howdoyoulike…?Whatdoyouthinkofice-cream?=Howdoyoulikeice-cream?think的其它短语thinkabout思考，考虑Hethinksaboutthisquestion.thinkover深思熟虑Thinkitoverwhenyoudoyourhomework.Mary:Iloveyourhome,Bob.It’ssobig.Bob:Thanks,Mary.Mygrandparents’homeisverybig,too.Mary:Wheredotheylive?Bob:Veryfarfrommyhome.Mary:Oh,howfar?Bob:It’sabout500kilometersfromhere.Mary:Wow!That’sfar.Bob:Yes,itis.SoIgothereandseemygrandparentsonlyoneortwotimesayear.Mary:Howdoyougetthere?Bob:Iusuallytakethetrain.Mary:Howlongdoesittake?Bob:Ittakesaboutsixhours.AndthenItakeabusfromthetrainstationtotheirhome.Mary:Wow.That’salongtrip.how区别CrossingtheRivertoSchoolHowdoyougettoschool?Doyouwalkorrideabike?Doyougobybusorbytrain?Formanystudents,itiseasytogettoschool.ButforthestudentsinonesmallvillageinChina,itisdifficult.v.ing?句型？地点状语置于句末，地点从小到大Thereisaverybigriverbetweentheirschoolandthevillage.Thereisnobridgeandtheriverrunstooquicklyforboats.between…and…在……与……之间between是个介词，表示在两者之间。如：MaryisbetweenJaneandLindaintheline.在队伍中，玛丽在简和琳达之间。Sothesestudentsgoonaropewaytocrosstherivertoschool.goonaropeway=byropewayby引导的方式状语置于句末。crossv.横过;穿越(指横向穿过马路、河等)Lookcarefulbeforeyoucrosstheroad.过马路前要细心看！acrossadv.穿过cross=goacrossLookcarefulbeforeyougoacrosstheroad.One11-year-oldboy,Liangliang,crossestherivereveryschoolday.11-year-old十一岁大的。这是一个复合形容词。Maryissixyearsold.=Maryisasix-year-oldgirl.Butheisnotafraid.Ilovetoplaywithmyclassmates.afraidadj.害怕的；恐惧的Thegirlisveryafraid.小女孩很害怕。beafraidofsth.害怕……Mysisterisafraidofofsnakes.beafraidoftodosth.表示“害怕做某事”，即对做某事感到恐惧。Hewasafraidtosleepalone.beafraidofdoingsth.表示主语内心不情愿做某事，既不希望发生某事。Sheisafraidofmakinghermotherunhappy.I’mafraidthat...“恐怕，遗憾”I’mafraidthathecan’tcome.AndIlovemyteacher.He’slikeafathertome.like像like在这里作介词，而不是动词。Thefishlookslikeabigboat.（介词）Janelikeshistoryverymuch.（动词）looklike看上去像……（样子像）Helookslikehisfather.belike性格像Heislikehisfather.like还可表示列举，例如。Ilovefruit,likeapples,bananasandoranges.Manyofthestudentsandvillagersneverleavethevillage.Itistheirdreamtohaveabridge.Cantheirdreamcometrue?Sheleavesschoolat5:00everyday.Ileavemybookintheschool.Thereisnothingleft.leave与leaveforleave后跟出发地，意为离开某地IleaveYongchuanToday.leavefor后跟目的地，意为离开去某地IleaveforYongchuanToday.我今天动身去永川。cometrue实现；成为现实，主语是物Ithinkou