情态动词归纳表格

1.can/could能力HecansingsongsinFrench.Hecouldswimattheageof3.表示请求Canyouhelpmecarrytheboxintotheroom?Couldyouhelpme,please?可能性，表示有时会Jeffisclever,butsometimesheisverydull.针对不同时间表示推测（只能用于否定句和问句）can’tdoHecan’tbeathomerightnow,forIsawhimgooutjustnow.can’tbedoingHecan’tbestudyingintheclassroom,forIsawhimgotothefootballfieldwithafootball.can’thavedoneHecan’thavefinishedhomeworksosoon,forhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.WherecanIhaveputmykeys?2.may/might允许MayIsmokehere?表示祝愿Mayyouahappylife!针对不同时间表示推测（只能用于否定句和问句）maydoHemaycome,butheisnotsure.maybedoingJimmaybereadinginthelibrary.mayhavedoneHemayhaveleftthebaginthelibrary.3.must肯定形式表示必须，应该;否定形式表示绝对禁止，语气强烈Youmusthaveapassportifyouwanttogoabroad.Youmustn’ttakephotoshere!回答must/need的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn’t/don’thavetoMustIcomebackhomeearly?Yes,youmust.NeedIcomebacklate?No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.针对不同时间表示推测（只能用于肯定句）mustdoTommuststudyhard,forhealwaysgetsthefirstplaceeverytime.mustbedoingIt’ssonoisyupstairs.Theymustbequarrelingagain.musthavedoneItmusthavebeenaround9:00,becauseitwastotallydark.4.shall一三人称的问句表示请求Shallhewaithere?Whatshallwedonext?二三人称的陈述句表示允诺，警告，命令，威胁…Youshallgetananswertomorrow.5.should劝告，建议Youshouldseeyourparentsregularly.根据客观事实作出的的判断，可能性较大It’s7:20.Heshouldcome.why/how+should表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外，译为“竟会”Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday?6.will表示意愿Tomisillathome.Iwillseeafterschool.表示请求Willyoupleaseopenthedoorforme?习惯性动作，指现在Accidentwillhappen.7.would表示意愿Hesaidhewouldgivemeagift.表示请求Wouldyoupleasecleanupthemessyroom?习惯性动作，指过去Wewouldsitaroundgrandpa,listeningtohisstory.8.need/dare半情态动词作情态动词时常用于否定和问句中；作实意动词时常用于肯定句NeedItellhimall?Youneedn’ttellus.Hedarestoanswerquestionsloudlyinfrontofus.needdoing是主动表示被动=needtobedoneThemachineneedsrepairing.=Themachineneedstoberepaired.9.oughtto应该否定形式：oughtn’t/oughtnottoYououghttomakeanapologytohim.Heoughtn’tattendthemeeting.10.haveto不得不Ican’tseethingsclearly,Ihavetowearglasses.情态动词+havedone1.musthavedone对过去的肯定推测（只能用于肯定句）译为“过去肯定…”Shemusthaveearnedmuchmoney,forheboughtanexpensivecarlastweek.2.cannothavedone对过去的否定推测（只能用于否定句）译为“过去肯定没有…”Hecan’thavegonefar,forhiscoatisstillhere.canhavedone还可用于问句表示对过去的推测Wherecanhehaveputthebag?3.may/mightnothavedone表示对已经发生的事进行推测，可能性不大Ican’tfindpurseanywhere.Youmayhavedroppeditwhenyouwereshoppinginthemarket.4.should/oughttohavedone过去该做而没有做Youshouldhavecometoschoolifyouwerereallyseriousaboutyourstudy.5.shouldnot/oughtnottohavedone做了不该做的事（过去）Weoughtn’ttohavegivenhimsomuchmoney.6.couldhavedone过去本来可以做某事，但没有做HecouldhavevisitedtheGreatWallbutitsuddenlybegantorainyesterday.7.couldn’thavedone过去不能做而做了的事Hecouldn’thaveknownthedecision,butsomeonetoldhim.8.needn’thavedone过去不必做的事却做了Youneedn’thavefinishedthehomeworkbecauseyouwereill.