八年级英语上册第2单元知识讲解及练习

Unit2What'sthematter?【重要词汇概览】◆mattern.事情，问题，差错◆armn.臂，胳膊◆backn.后背，背脊◆earn.耳朵◆eyen.眼睛◆footn.脚，足（pl.feet）◆legn.腿，腿部◆neckn.脖子，颈部◆nosen.鼻子◆stomachn.胃，胃部◆toothn.牙齿(pl.teeth)◆soreadj.疼痛的◆stomachachen.胃痛，腹痛，肚子痛◆throatn.喉头，喉咙◆toothachen.牙痛◆fevern.发烧◆liev.躺，卧，平放在某处(lay,lain)◆honeyn.蜂蜜◆dentistn.牙医◆illnessn.疾病，生病◆advicen.劝告，忠告，建议◆thirstyadj.渴的，口渴的◆healv.医治，治愈◆balancen.平衡，平衡状态，协调◆mightaux.v.可能，可以，允许(may的过去式)◆beefn.牛肉◆lambn.小羊，羊羔，羊羔肉◆energyn.精力，活力，能力◆lifen.生命，人生◆beann.豆，豆科植物◆strayv.远离，走失，离题◆balancedadj.平衡的，协调的◆dietn.饮食，节食◆backachen.背痛◆improvev.改善，改良，提高◆speakingn.口语◆headachen.头痛◆homestayn.待在家里◆importantadj.重要的，重大的，严重的【重要词组概览】◆haveacold患感冒◆stressedout紧张的，有压力的◆beansprout豆芽◆gettired感觉疲惫◆stayhealthy保持健康◆atthemoment此刻，现在◆ontheotherhand另一方面◆getacold患感冒◆seeadentist看牙医◆gototheparty去参加聚会◆makesbsick使某人不舒服(患锁病)◆haveasorethroat嗓子痛◆haveafever发烧，发热◆haveatoothache牙痛◆haveabackache背痛◆haveaheadache头痛【语法知识聚焦】看病需要和医生交流，这是英语口语中必不可少的内容。从医生询问病情，病人诉说病情，到医生检查、诊断和医嘱，这些环节最常用的语句，同学们必须掌握。一、医生询问病情的常用语句：1.What'swrong/thematter(withyou)?你怎么了？What'syourtrouble,youngman?年轻人,你哪里不舒服?Whendiditstart?从何时开始生病的？2.Howareyou(feeling)now?你现在觉得怎么样?Areyoufeelingbettertoday?你今天好些了吗?3.Haveyougotaheadache/acough?你头痛/咳嗽吗?4.Whendidyoufeelunwell?你什么时候觉得不舒服的?5.Whendidthepainstart?疼痛何时开始的?6.Didyousleepwell?你睡得好吗?Doyoufeeltired?你觉得疲劳吗?7.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?你像这样有多久了?8.Didyoueatanythingforbreakfast?你早饭吃了什么没有?二、病人诉说病情的常用语句：1.Idon'tfeelverywell./I'mnotfeelingwell.我感到不舒服。2.Ihave(got)aheadache.我头痛。Ihaveasorethroat.我嗓子痛。Ihaveabackache./Ihaveapaininmyback.我后背痛。There'ssomethingwrongwithmyleg.我的腿有毛病了。3.Ifeelterrible.我感到很难受。Ifeelevenworse.我感到情况更糟了.4.Idon'tfeellikeeatinganything.我什么都不想吃.5.Idreamtoomuch.我的梦特别多.Ican'tfall/beasleepintheevening.晚上我睡不着.6.Itbegantwodaysago.两天前开始的.7.Idon'tfeelanybetternow.我感觉没有什么好转.8.Ihadnoodlesforlunchtoday.今天午饭我吃的是面条.三、医生检查、诊断和治疗的常用语句:1.OpenyourmouthandsayAh---'.张嘴说啊----.2.Letmetakeyourtemperature.让我给你量量体温.3.There'snothingmuchwrong/seriouswithyou.你没什么大问题.4.Youhavegotabadcold.你患了重感冒.5.Youhavetobeinhospital.你得住院.6.You'dbetterstayinbedforafewdays.你最好卧床几天.You'dbetternoteattoomuchsugar.你最好别吃太多的糖.Eatlessfoodandtakemoreexercise.Ifyoudothat,you'llfeelmuchhealthier.少吃些,多锻炼,不久你的身体就会健康得多.Drinkmorewater.多喝水.Youshoulddrinkalotofwater.你应该多喝水。Haveagoodrest.好好休息.7.Takeoneofthesepillstwiceaday.这些药每次服一片,每天两次.Takethemedicineaftermeals.饭后服药.8.You'llsoonbeallright.你很快就会康复的.Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.我希望你很快就会好起来。Trytorelaxbeforeyougotosleep.睡觉前尽量放松一下。【能力训练】一、补全对话小明生病了，他流鼻涕，还不停的咳嗽。现在他正在看医生，请阅读并补全他们的对话。A:I'mnotfeelingwell,doctor.B:What'sthe1?A:Well,IhavearunnynoseandI2stopcoughing.B:Youhave3acold.Takesomemedicineand4agoodsleep.You'll5bettersoon.A:Thankyoudoctor.二、连词成句1.should,he,bed,to,go,early_______________________________________.2.have,you,do,throat,sore,a________________________________________?3.should,to,healthy,you,exercise,stay____________________________________________.4.shouldn’t,she,tired,when,study,she,is_____________________________________________.5.Sonja,shouldn’t,party,tonight,to,go,the,certainly_____________________________________________.三、语法填空1.Whatisshedoingnow?She______________(play)thekitenow.2.Wheredidhegoonvacation?He___________(stay)athome.3.Iamtirednow.I_________(study)latelastnight.4.Mymom________(like)thecolorofblue,butmygrandparents________(like)thecolorofyellow.5.A:I_______________________(feel)wellnow.B:Youshouldgotothedoctor.6.HebelievesthatIshould__________(have)agoodhabit.四、翻译句子1.牛奶能帮助你保持健康的身体。Milkcan_______you________haveahealthybody.2.我爸爸让我好好学习英语。Myfather_________me________studyEnglishwell.3.我妈妈说我应该晚饭尽量少吃肉。MymomsaidthatIshould___________________eatlessmeatfordinner.4.不要太疲劳，不然会使你生病的。Don’t______tootired.Oritwill_________yousick.5.我相信每天晚上8个小时的睡眠很重要。Ibelievethatit’s____________________sleep8hourseachnight.五、作文Tom每天都不能按时上交老师留的作业，请你至少给他写5条建议，建议要合情合理。Tomcan’tfinishthehomeworkontime.Ithinkheshouldtaketheadvicelike:Heshould____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考答案点拨】一．答案：1.matter/trouble2.can't3.caught/had/got4.have5.feel/be/get解析：1.What'sthematter?和What'sthetrouble?是医生向病人询问病情时的常用语句，答案为matter/trouble。2．本句中前部分用了动词have，因此而推断本题为一般现在时，又从语言背景中得知：他不停的咳嗽，因此答案为can't。3．此句为现在完成时态，主动词have+动词的过去分词。haveacold,catchacold,getacold都表示患了感冒，因此答案为caught/had/got5.You'll是Youwill的缩写形式，其后应该接动词原形，better是形容词，必须与连系动词连用，因此答案为feel/be/get。二、1.Heshouldgotobedearly.2.Doyouhaveasorethroat?3.Youshouldexercisetostayhealthy.4.Sheshouldn'tstudywhensheistired5.Sonjacertainlyshouldn'tgotothepartytonight.三、答案：1．isplaying2.stayed3.studied4.likes,likes5.amnotfeeling6.have解析：1.根据问句得出，动词play应该用现在进行时，所以答案为isplaying.2.根据问句得出，动词stay应该用一般过去时，所以答案为stayed.3.由于本句的时间状语为lastnight,所以动词study应该用一般过去时，所以答案为studied.4.根椐句意，某人喜欢某种颜色属于个人的习惯与爱好，应该用一般现在时表示，两处主语都是第三人称单数，所以答案为likes,likes.5.根据Youshouldgototh