最新中考英语专题训练：短文填空

精品文档精品文档短文填空专题训练步骤（Step）一、跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意根据首字母填空的题型，实际上相当于完形填空，必须先快速通读全文，尽量理解文章的主要内容，再仔细揣摩需要填词的句子，只有完全理解全句的意思，才能准确填写单词。二、复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。1．利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义.2．再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。例如，单，复数、形容词，副词的级别、时态、语态、语气及非谓语动词的形式等，要特别注意时态的呼应及主谓一致。三、通读短文，检查答案注意点（Attentions）一、确定正确的时态1．根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。例如，现在完成时的时间状语：already,yet,ever,never,just,before,for,since+时间点；since+过去时态的句子,sofar,bynow,in/duringthelast/pastfewyearsetc2．注意时态呼应。在主从复合句中，主句谓语与从句谓语动词的时态是相互照应的。1）在宾语从句中，如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选用任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的某种时态；如果从句表达的是一个客观事实不管主句是何种时态，从句仍用一般现在时。2）在状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含情态动词的句子，时间和条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。3．根据上下文确定时态。有时句子没有明显的时间状语，也不能用时态呼应规则来对照，这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系，确定时态。如：如：“You’vecertainlytouchedmyheartwithyourchoices.AndI’msuretheFiveFriendlies_____(touch)theheartoftheworld.”句意是“你以你的选择已经震撼了我的心，我相信这五个福娃将会给世人带来震撼。”后句是笔者对美好事物的祝愿，所以应用一般将来时。二、确定正确的语态精品文档精品文档我们在考虑时态的同时，也要考虑语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，用被动语态；反之用主动语态。如：“They_______(choose)carefullybyBeijing2008torepresent….注意：不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词（如listen，sleep，takeplace,happen，getup，growup，breakout，comein等）没有被动语态。如Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthelastfewyears.Thewarbrokeoutmanyyearsago．但是，当“不及物动词＋介（副）词”构成的短语动词其作用相当于及物动词时，则有被动语态。Thechildrenarelookedafterwell．三、确定非谓语动词的形式如果所给的动词在句子中不作谓语，就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。1．want，hope，wish，decide，wouldlike，agree,learn,plan,choose,manage,offertodo2．在enjoy，finish，mind，bebusy，beworth，feellike，what／howabout，can'thelp，practice，havefun／problems,miss,giveup,suggest,lookforwardto,succeedin,payattentionto,keep,beworth,allow-ing3．tell,ask,order,encourage,advise,teach,want,wish,allowsbtodo4.remember,forget,stop,try,mean,love,like,need,goon,continue,beusedtodo/doing5.感官动词和使役动词feelsbdo/doinglistento,hearsbdo/doingmake,let,havesbdo(havesthdone)lookat,watch,see,noticesbdo/doing在被动语态中用todo总结（Conclusion）看图填词是对学生综合能力的考察，细心、积累和练习必不可少。1.IamJackieLee,anAmericanChinese.Letmetellyouaboutmygrandfather'slifestory.Mygrandfatherwas71in1932andgrewupinapoorvillageinFujian,China.Attheageof14,hefirstheardofAmerica.Itwassaidtobethelandofgoldandpoorpeoplecouldeasilybecome72there.精品文档精品文档So,mygrandfathercametoAmerica.Ihadthoughtitwaseasyto73moneyinAmerica,hetoldme.ButwhenI74inLosAngeles,Irealizeditwasnottrue.Icouldn'tfindagoodjobbecauseIspokelittleEnglish.IwantedtogotoalanguageschooltolearnEnglish,75Icouldn'taffordit.Later,Iworkedinasmall76,servingtheguests,cleaningupthetables,washingthedishesandsweepingthefloors.Iwassuch77helpfulandhonestworkerthatmybosswaspleasedwithme.Iwaspopularwithmyworkmates,78.LifebecameeasierandintheendIenteredaneveningschooltolearnEnglish.Mygrandfatherkeptworkinghard,andfinallymade79dreamcometrue.Thingsdonotcomeeasilyinlife.ThatiswhatIhavelearned80mygrandfather.71.__________72.__________73.__________74.__________75._________76.__________77.__________78.__________79.__________80._________2.DearAnne,Howareyou?IhadgreatfunlastWednesday,__71__12th,2013.ItwasatraditionalChinesefestivalcalledDragonBoatFestivalthatday.ThisfestivalisinmemoryofQuYuan,oneof__72__greatestChinesepoets.HekilledhimselfbyjumpingintotheMiluoRiveronMay5thofthelunarcalendar(阴历)，278BC.Peoplethererowedtheboatsto___73___him.Butitwastoolate.Theywereverysadandthenthrewriceintothe___74___tofeedthefishessothattheywouldstayawayfromhisbody.___75___thenon,everyyearonthisday,peopleenjoy___76___Zongziwhichismadeofricewithmeat,eggsandsoon.Inthepastweateitonly___77___ayear,butnowweregardeditasourdailyfood.Wecanhaveitanytimewelike.Haveyouever___78___thedragonboatraceonTV?Itisanotherimportantpartofthisfestival.Severalteamsrowtheirdragon-shapedboatsas___79___astheycan.Thefirstteamtoreachthefinishlinewins.IfyouhaveaplantovisitChinanextyear,would___80___liketospendthisfestivalwithus?Bestwishes,XiaoQiang71.__________72.__________73.__________74.__________75._________76.__________77.__________78.__________79.__________80._________3.精品文档精品文档Nov.26,2011,SaturdayCloudyI’mupsetthesedays.Ihave_71____problem,andIdonot72_____howtodealwithit.Ihavehadalotof_73______everydaysinceIbecameaGrade9student.Ihavenochoicebuttodoit..Ioftenstayuplatetofinishitandthenfeel74____thenextday.75______Iunderstandthatitisimportanttodomyhomeworkand_76____itinontime.SometimesIstilldon’twanttodosomuchhomework.Ialmosthavenofreetimeformyhobbies,77_____asplayingvolleyballandping-pong.TheworstthingisthatIevenhavehomeworkonweekendsandholidays.Thelongertheholidaysare,the78_______homeworkIget.Ireallyfeelbadaboutit.Iamlookingforwardtoaholiday79_______homeworksothatIcanrelaxandhavesometimeformyhobbies.WhatshouldIdo?Ireallyhopethatsomeonecangive80____somesuggestions.Iamsuretheywillbeofgreatvaluetome.71.__________72.__________73.__________74.__________75._________76.__________77.__________78.__________79.__________80._________4.Todaypeoplecan1thephonetotalkwithothersalmostanywhereontheearth.Butwhenyouusethephone,youdon’tseethepersonyouare2with.Thatmay3inthefuture.Todaysomepeopleareusingakindoftelephone4“Picturephone”or“Visionphone”.5it,twopeoplewhoaretalkingcanseeeachother.Picturephonescanbeusefulwhenyouhave6_tos