Illustration(例证法)

Unit12Exposition(3)Illustration(例证法)2.TypesofIllustration•Factual•Hypothetical(虚构)ModelAUnderstandingPoverty•Whatisthethesisofthisessay？•Whatistheexample?ModelBResponsibilitiesofDriving•Whatistheessayabout?•Whataretheresponsibilitiesofdriving?•Whataretheexamplesthatillustratetheseresponsibilities?ModelCHigherEducationinBritain•HowmanykindsofinstitutionsavailableinU.K.?•DostudentsneedanypreviousqualificationsbeforetheyentertheOpenUniversity?•InwhatwaydostudentsinOpenUniversityreveivetheyeducation?•Whatarethefeaturesofpolytechnicsandtechnicalcolleges?3.BasicElementsofIllustration•1.personalexperiences•2.indirectknowledge4.TipsforUsingIllustration•1.selectgoodexamples.•2.useanexampleofpersonalexperience.•3.Groupsimilarorrelatedexamplestogetherandarrangethemingoodorder.•4.Balancethegeneralwiththespecific•5.Don’tmakeageneralstatementwithoutsupportingitwithenoughdetails;don’tgiveadetailthatdoesnotservetoclarifyyourpoint.Practice•Topic:WhatMakesLifeHappy•1.Pleaselistyouroutline.•2.Developyouressaywithexamplesthatillustrateyourpointofview.•(至少有三个以上论点)Youarethejudger•1.outline•Mainidea-(generalsentence)•Specificexamples1,2,3,…•Mainidea-(generalsentence)•Specificexamples1,2,3…•conclusion20points2.Grammarmistakes•a.代词you,me,she,him,they…是否全篇文章一致（5）•b.动词时态是否统一，过去的事情用过去时，一般现在时带第三人称时是否有单数,名词单复数是否得当。(5)•c.表达论点是否有连接词表层次：first,second,third,finally(5)•d.表示观点时是否有表总结的词：inmyopinion,inmypointofview,tosumup,inaword，finally，theabovementioned…(5)•3.例子是否恰当，有特色，围绕topicsentence.•3.1.内容与提纲是否一致（5）•3.2细节与主题是否有联系,考虑去掉联系不够紧密的细节(5)•3.4例子是否恰当，有代表性（5）•3.3.措辞（5）•4.书写是否整洁，词语拼写是否正确。(10)outline•I.introduction•II.1.Diligence•a.Industriouspeople•b.Idlepeople•2.Perseverance（毅力）•Proverb-“Perseveranceisvitaltosuccess.”•3.Honesty•4.Goodhealth--reasoning•IIIconclusionWhatMakesLifeHappy•Everyonewantstobehappy.Butpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatmakeslifehappy.Somepeoplethinkthatmoneymaymakethemhappy.Somebelievethatgoodhealthmeanshappiness.Andsomethinkthatonlysuccessintheircareercanpleasethem.Itseemstomethatthefollowingfactorsmaybringushappiness.•First,diligencecanbringhappinesstothosewhoyearnforsuccessintheirwork,astheproverbgoes,“Diligenceisthemotherofsuccess.”Industriouspeoplevaluetime,treasurelife,planttheseedsofsuccess,andharvesthappiness.Idlepeople,ontheotherhand,killtime,wastelife,planttheseedsoffailure,andharvestsadness.•Second,perseverance（毅力）contributestohappiness,forifyouwanttosucceedindoinganythinggreat,youmusthaveperseveranceinfaceofrepeatedfailuresastheproverbgoes,“Perseveranceisvitaltosuccess.”Third,honestycangreatlyaffectthewayapersonlearns,worksandlooksatlife.Honestpeopletreattheirworkandothershonestly,andtheirrewardisthepeaceofmindandhappiness.•Finally,goodhealthmeanshappinessbecauseitcansecureasmoothlifeandprovidefullenergyforpeopletodevotethemselvestotheirstudyandwork.Inthiswaypeoplecanachievesuccessandhappiness.•Theaboveprinciplesmayguaranteehappinessifyousticktothem.