美国文学-殖民地时期

1教案首页授课内容殖民地时期美国文学所需课时2学时主要教材或参考资料吴伟仁美国文学史及选读外语教学及研究出版社1990常耀信美国文学简史南开大学出版社2003教学目标知识目标：了解殖民地时期美国文学历史背景、代表作家清教主义能力目标：了解清教主义的教义，掌握清教主义对美国文学的影响以及殖民时代的主要作家的特点教学重点清教主义教学难点清教主义教义及对美国文学影响教学方法口头陈述、提问教学内容及时间安排美国文学概述现代时期25’HistoricalBackground10’JohnSmith10’WilliamBrandfordandJohnWinthrop10’JohnCottonandRogerWilliam10’AnneBradstreetandEdwardTaylor10’Puritanism15’学习指导大量阅读相关资料、作品作业及思考题1.复习学过的内容2.查找有关革命时期文学资料教研室审阅意见同意上述安排。教研室主任签字：2010年10月2教学程序教学的基本内容时间安排教学方法PARTITHELITERATUREOFCOLONIALAMERCAHistoricalIntroduction:Inthe16th,theCaribbeanislands,Mexico,andotherpartsofcentralandsouthAmericahadbeenoccupiedbytheSpanish.Earlyin17th,theEnglishsettlementsinVirginiaandMassachusettsbeganthemainstreamofwhatwerecognizeastheAmericanhistory.ForthemostpartsustainedbyEnglishtraditions,ruledbyEnglishlaws,supportedbyEnglishcommerce,andnamedafterEnglishmonarchsandEnglishlandsAmericanpuritanism:1.origin:InthemediaevalEurope,therewaswidespreadreligiousrevolution.Inthe16thC,theEnglishKingHenryVIII(Atthattime,theCatholicswerenotallowedtodivorceunlesstheyhavethePope’spermission.HenryVIIIwantedtodivorcehiswifebecauseshecouldn’tbearhimason.ButthePopedidn’tallowhimtodivorcebecausehiswifeisthePope’sniece.HenryVIIIbecameverydissatisfiedwiththePope,sohebrokeawayfromtheRomanCatholicChurch&establishedtheChurchofEngland.ButtherewasnoradicaldifferencebetweenthedoctrinesoftheChurchofEnglandandtheCatholicChurch.AgroupofpeoplethoughttheChurchofEnglandwastooCatholicandwantedtopurifythechurch.ThencamethenamePuritan.Sohepuritansareagroupofreligiouspeopleseektorestoresimplicitytochurchservicesandtheauthorityofthebibletotheology.2.Reasons:TheyfeltthechurchofEnglandwastooclosetothechurchofRomeindoctrine,formofworshipandorganizationofauthority.Thepuritansfelttheinfluencesofpoliticsandthecourthadledtocorruptionwithinthechurch.3.featuresofPuritanism（1）Predestination:Goddecidedeverythingbeforethingsoccurred.（2）Originalsin:Humanbeingswereborntobeevil,andthisoriginalsincanbepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.（3）Totaldepravity（4）Limitedatonement:Onlytheselectedcanbesaved.4.influencesonAmericanliterature1)ItsoptimismAmericanliteraturewasfromtheoutsetconditionedbythePuritanheritage.ItcanbesaidAmericanliteratureisbasesontheBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEden.(AdamandEveusedtoliveacarefreelifeintheGardenofEden.luredbythesnake,theyatetheForbiddenFruitintheappletree.ApieceofapplechokedinAdam’sthroat,thencameAdam’sapple.Afterknowingthetruth,GodbecameveryangryanddrovethemalloutoftheGardenofEden.ThesnakeusedtowalklikemanbutafterthattheGodforcehimtocrawl.ThenmanwasforcedtosufferthelabortokeepthewholefamilyandWomanwasforcedtosuffertheagonyofbabybearing.)Afterthat,menhaveanillusiontorestoretheparadise.Thepuritans,afterarrivingatAmerica,believingthatGodmusthavesentthemtothisnewlandtorestorethelostparadise,tobuildthewildernessintoanewGardenofEden.Firedwithsuchastrongsenseofmission,thepuritanslookedeventheworstoflifewithatremendousamountofoptimism.TheoptimisticPuritanshaveexertedagreatinfluenceonAmericanliterature.2)SymbolismTothepiouspuritans,thephysicalphenomenalworldwasnothingbutasymbolofgod.TheAmericanpuritan’smetaphoricalmodeofperceptionwaschieflyinstrumentalincallingintobeingaliterarysymbolismwhichisdistinctlyAmerican.5’15’’10’33)Withregardtotheirwriting,thestyleisfresh,simpleanddirect;therhetoricisplainandhonest,notwithoutatouchofnobilityoftentraceabletothedirectinfluenceoftheBible.TheliteratureincolonialAmericaThefirstwritings:Diaries,histories,journals,letters,commonplacebooks,travelbooks,sermons,inshortpersonalliteratureinitsvariousforms,occupyamajorpositionintheliteratureoftheearlycolonialperiod.ThefirstAmericanwriter:JohnSmith1.life2.worksAtruerelationofsuchoccurrencesandaccidentsofnoteashathhappenedinVirginiasincethefirstplantingofthatcolony.AmapofVirginiawithadescriptionofthecountry3.influencesWilliamBradfordandJohnWinthropWilliamBradford1.life:firstgovernorofPlymouth2.works:thehistoryofPlymouthPlantationThestorywithanaccountofthesmallgroupofpuritanswhomigratedfromEnglandtoAmsterdamandthentothenewworld,withitsdirectreporting,makeitreadableandmovingJohnWinthrop1.life2.works:thehistoryofnewEngland(ajournalontheBayColonists’voyagetoMassachusettsaboardtheshipArbellain1630)JohnCottonandRogerWilliamJohnCotton-ThepatriarchofnewEnglandRogerWilliam1.life2.hebeginsthehistoryofreligioustolerationinAmericaandthehistoryoftheseparationofchurchandstateheisasimportantforhispoliticalviewsasforhisreligiousbeliefs.AnneBradstreetandEdwardTaylorAnneBradstreet1.Introduction:Shewrotetheponderousversesofinterminable,inner-lockingpoemsonthefourelements:theconstitutionsandagesofman,theseasonsoftheyearandthechiefempiresoftheancientworld.ShewasknownasthetenthMuse2.Works:Contemplations,Tomydearandlovinghusband,3.poem(textbookp12)EdwardTaylor1.Introduction:Thebestpuritanpoet,ameditativepoetHisworkfollowsthestyleandformsoftheleadingEnglishpoetsofthemid-17thcentury.