2018北京中考英语解析

12018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷姓名：__________准考证号:________________考场号:______座位号:_____考生须知1.本试卷共10页，共五道大题，39道小题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。2.在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上。在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹铅字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。知识运用（共14分）(2018·北京中考）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.(2018·北京中考）MybrotherandIlikefootball._______playittogetheronceaweek.A.IB.TheyC.WeD.YouC【解析】考查人称代词辨析。空处代指MybrotherandI两人，所以用人称代词we。故选C。2.(2018·北京中考）Happybirthday,Peter!Here’sagift______you.A.forB.inC.withD.fromA【解析】考查介词辨析。根据句意判断：Peter，生日快乐！这是送你的一份礼物。表示“为了；给”用介词for。故选A。3.(2018·北京中考）—______doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?—Bybike.A.WhenB.HowC.WhereD.WhyB【解析】考查疑问副词辨析。答语表示方式，提问用副词How。故选B。4.(2018·北京中考）Manypeoplelikepandas______theyarecute.A.thoughB.ifC.whileD.becauseD【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：很多人喜欢熊猫，因为它们可爱。表示原因用连词because。故选D。5.(2018·北京中考）I______gonow,orI’llmissmytrain.A.canB.mightC.mustD.CouldC【解析】考查情态动词辨析。can能；可以；might可能；must必须；一定；could会；可能；可以。根据句意判断：我现在必须走了，否则我会赶不上火车了。故选C。6.(2018·北京中考）Tonyis______ofthethreeboys,butheisthetallest.A.youngB.youngerC.youngestD.theyoungestD【解析】考查形容词比较等级辨析。根据ofthethreeboys判断，三者以上比较用最高级；最高级形式前用定冠词the。故选D。7.(2018·北京中考）Billlikesreading.He______picturebookswithhisdadeveryevening.A.readB.readsC.isreadingD.hasreadB【解析】考查动词时态。根据everyevening判断句中使用一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，所以动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选B。8.(2018·北京中考）—Paul,whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?—I______amovieinthecinemawithmyfriends.A.waswatchingB.watchC.havewatchedD.willwatchA【解析】考查动词时态。根据问句中的时间“atninelastnight”判断句中动作表示过去时2刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时。故选A。(2018·北京中考）9.(2018·北京中考）Davidisatennisplayer.He______toplaytenniswhenhewassixyearsold.A.beginsB.willbeginC.beganD.hasbegunC【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语从句whenhewassixyearsold判断主句时态使用过去时。故选C。10.(2018·北京中考）—Lucy,isyouruncleateacher?—Yes,heis.He______historyfornearly20years.A.teachesB.hastaughtC.isteachingD.willteachB【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语fornearly20years判断句中使用现在完成时。故选B。11.(2018·北京中考）Anewinternationalairport______inthecitynextyear.A.completesB.iscompletedC.willcompleteD.willbecompletedD【解析】考查被动语态。句中主语与谓语动词构成动宾关系，应该使用被动语态；根据句中时间状语nextyear判断使用一般将来时。故选D。12.(2018·北京中考）—Alice,couldyoutellme______London?—Sure.LastSunday.A.whenMr.SmithleftB.whenMr.SmithwillleaveB.whendidMr.SmithleaveD.whenwillMr.SmithleaveA【解析】考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序，排除C、D两项；根据答语时间lastSunday判断使用一般过去时。故选A。二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分）(2018·北京中考）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(2018·北京中考）RealSolutions(解决方法)toProblemsThirtyengineerswereworkingasateaminacompany.Theywereyoungandeagertolearn.Themanagementdecidedtoteachthemaboutfindingrealsolutionstoproblems.Oneday,theteamwascalledfora13inahall.Theywerequitesurprisedandallreachedthehallholdingvarious14.Astheyentered,theyfoundaboxplacedinthecenter,fullofflatballoons.Themanageraskedeveryonetopickaballoonandblowitup.Thentheywereaskedtowritetheirnamesontheirrespective(各自的)balloons15sothattheballoonswouldn’tblowout.Alltried,butnoteveryonewas16.Fiveballoonsblewoutduetopressure(压力).Thosewhofailedtomarktheirnamesontheballoonswere17outofthegame.Asaresult25engineerscametothenextlevel.Alltheballoonscarryingtheirnameswere18andthenputintoaroom.hereandthere.Theengineersweretoldtopicktheballoonwithhisorhernameon.Allthe25engineersbegantosearchfortherespectiveballoonsinarush.Itwasalmost15minutesbutnoonewasableto19thetherightone.Thesecondlevelofthegamewasover.Thencamethefinallevel.Theengineerswereaskedtopickanyballoonandgiveittothepersonnamedontheballoon.Withinacoupleofminutes.allballoons20thehandsoftherespectiveengineers.Themanagerannouncedthiswastherealsolutiontotheproblem.Manytimesinourlife,3sharingandhelpingothersgiveusrealsolutionstoproblems.13.A.gameB.showC.concertD.party14.A.purposesB.suggestionsC.thoughtsD.plans15.A.quietlyB.carefullyC.secretlyD.clearly16.A.honestB.readyC.patientD.successful17.A.checkedB.helpedC.ruledD.cheated18.A.collectedB.weighedC.tiedD.cleaned19.A.markB.hideC.numberD.find20.A.freedB.reachedC.liftedD.hit(2018·北京中考）体裁记叙文话题合作字数28213.A【解析】考查前后文理解。根据第四段第一句句意“那些没能在气球上写上名字的工程师被排除出了游戏。”可知，这些工程师被召集在一个大厅里做游戏。故选A。14.C【解析】考查名词辨析。purpose目的；suggestion建议；thought想法；plan计划。句意：他们都很惊讶，带着各种不同的想法来到了大厅。故选C。15.B【解析】考查副词辨析。quietly安静地；carefully仔细地；认真地；secretly秘密地；clearly清晰地。句意：然后他们被要求不把气球弄爆的情况下在各自的气球上小心地写上各自的名字。故选B。16.D【解析】考查形容词辨析。honest诚实的；ready准备好的；patient耐心的；successful成功的。根据下句句意“五个气球因为压力（过大）爆了”推断此句表示并非每个人都成功了。故选D。17.C【解析】考查动词短语。checkout检查；helpout帮助解决；ruleout排除；取消；cleanout清扫。句意：那些没能在气球上标注姓名的工程师被取消（参加下面的）游戏。故选C。18.A【解析】考查动词辨析。collect收集；weigh称重；tie捆绑；clean清理。句意：所有带名字的气球被收集起来胡乱地放在了一个房间内。故选A。19.D【解析】考查动词辨析。mark标记；hide掩藏；number计数；find发现。句意：将近十五分钟过去了，依然没有人能找到自己的气球。故选D。20.B【解析】考查动词短语。reachthehands拿到手。故选B。阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(2018·北京中考）（共26分，每小题2分）Roger:Hi,there!Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.SomeofmyfriendsandAlan.mycousin,cametocelebrateit.Everyonebroughtmeagift.Wehadaparty.Weplayedgames.sangsongsandhadabigbirthdaycake.Itwasreallyawonderfulday!Didyoudoanythingspeciallastweek?Jessica:Yes.Myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek.First,wewenttotheUniversityofNorthCarolinatolearnaboutthehistoryofitsbasketballteam.Manybasketballstarswe