一般现在时的讲解及用法

一般现在时的讲解及用法一、定义与讲解1，定义：一般现在时，表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。2，只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。注：1)第一人称（I，we)第二人称（you）第三人称（He,She,they,it,所有的名字名称）单数（一个人或事物）复数（两个或两个以上的人或事物）第三人称单数（第三方的单个的人或事物，除了they）2)三单变化多数在动词（不是名词）后＋seg:play—playslike—likes（1）直接在动词词尾加-s.ask---askswork---worksget---getsstay---stays（2）以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch---watcheswish---wishesfix---fixesdo---doesgo---goespass---passes（3）以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.（辅音字母：除a,e,i,o,u这5个元音字母外的21个字母都是辅音字母；元音字母加-y：stay--staysplay--playssay--saysbuy--buys辅音字母加-y:try---triesstudy---studiescry---criesfly---flies二、一般现在时的用法1，经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：everyday,sometimes,at…,onSunday，usually,onceaweekIleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2，客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.3，表示格言或警句中。Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..4，现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。MisswangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.5，在某些以here,there开头的句子中，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。eg.Herecomesabus.公交车来了注：与一般现在时连用的时间状语（表示时间的词或词组）（1）表示频率的副词：always,often,usually,sometimes.（2）时间状语：onSundays,everyday,everymorning,everyyear.（3）表示频率的词组：onceayear,threetimesaweek.动词有三种：实义动词，be动词，情态动词（初一未涉及）5，一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数，动词是实义动词（1）动词变相应的第三人称单数形式（2）肯定句主语+动词s+其它eg.(2011)Billoftengivesmoneytothepoor.（3）否定句主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它eg.Billoftendoesn’tgivemoneytothepoor.（4）一般疑问句Does+主语+动词原形+其它eg.Doesbilloftengivemoneytothepoor.肯定回答Yes，主语+does(Yes,hedoes)（6）否定回答No，主语+doesn't(No,hedoesn’t)6，当主语不是第三人称单数时（动词没有三单变化），动词是实义动词（1）肯定句主语+动词原形+其它eg.Iwanttomarryyou.（2）否定句主语+don't+动词原形+其它eg.Idon’twanttomarryyou.（3）一般疑问句Do+主语+动词原形+其它eg.Doyouwanttomarryme?肯定回答Yes,主语+do(Yes,Ido.)否定回答No，主语+don’t(No,Idon’t.)be动词的一般现在时有三种形式，即：am,is,are。1.如果主语是第一人称I时，be动词用am。Eg.肯定句：Iamastudent.我是一名学生。否定句：amnot一般疑问句：Ami肯定/否定回答：Yes,iam.Noiamnot.2.如果主语是you（你，你们）,they（他们，它们，她们）或名词复数（两个以上的人或物）时，be动词必须用are。如：肯定句，否定句，一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答Youaremygoodfriend.TomandLilyaremygoodfriends.Theyaremygoodfriends.are与主语还可缩写。如：Weare=We're，Theyare=They're,Youare=You're。而are与not可缩写成aren't。如：Theyaren'tstudents.他们不是学生。但是am与not不能缩写。3.如果主语是单数名词、不可数名词或单数第三人称代词（he,she,it）时，be动词用is。肯定句/否定句/一般疑问句及肯定、否定的回答如:Mymotherisateacher.我的妈妈是一名老师。Heisastudent.他是一名学生。is也可与主语缩写,如:Heis=He's,Mymotheris=Mymother's等。但是Thisis不可缩写。而is与not可缩写成isn't。如:Thisisn'tabook.这不是一本书。三、课堂练习巩固1,主语为第三人称单数肯定句：He___gets_____(get)upatsixo’clock.否定句：doesn’t,get一般疑问句：Doeshegetupatsixo’clock.(肯定，否定回答）2，主语为第一人称I__get__(get)upatsixo’clock.否定句：Idon’tgetupatsixo’clock.一般疑问句：Doyougetupatsixo’clock.（肯定，否定回答）四、课堂强化练习（一）单项选择题1，Thepicture_______nice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islooking2，She______downandsoonfallsasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.sits3，Theteacher________ustocometoschoolontime.A.askB.askingC.asksD.asked4，Johnalways______others.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp5.He______foreighthourseveryday.A.workingB.toworkC.worksD.worked6.You’dbetter______athomeand______yourhomework.A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todo7.Hesitsdownand______arest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.has8.UncleWangnever______acake.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.makes（二）句子改错1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkeveryevening.五、课后练习（一）用动词的适当形式填空1.She_________(go)toschoolatseveno’clock.2.It’s6o’clock.Theyare_________(eat)supper.3.Heusually___________upat17:00.(get)4.She___________(live)inBeijing.5.Amy_________(be)herejustnow.6._______(be)thereaflyonthetablejustnow?7.Myfather__________(watch)TVeveryevening.8.Myfather_______________(make)toysthesedays.9．________Amy_________(read)Englisheveryday10.ChenJiesometimes_________(go)totheparkwithhersister.（二）选择填空1．Iwant____homeworknow.A.doingB.todoC.todomyD.domy2．It'stime______.A.gotoschoolB.playgamesC.togohomeD.todomyhomeworks3．____you____theblackboard?Yes,Iam.A.Can,cleanB.Am,cleaningC.Are,cleaningD.Doclean4．______goandhelpher.A.Let'smeB.Let'susC.Let'sD.Let'sto5．Whataretheydoing?Theyare______thingsaway.A.putB.putingC.puttingD.carry6．Dotheyhaveanewcar?Yes,_____.A.theyareB.theyhaveC.theydon'tD.theydo7．Heoften_________supperat6:00intheevening.A.haveB.hasc.ishavingD.iseating8.It’s6o’clockinthemorning.He___________.A.getupB.getsupC.isgetingupD.isgettingup9.Whatareyoudoing?I’m__________TV.A.watchB.watchesC.towatchD.watching10.We_____________anyChineseclassesonFriday.A.arehavingB.aren’thavingC.don’thaveD.arehave11.Tom_______anEnglishclassnow.A.ishavingB.hasC.havingD.have12.Areyouplayingbasketball?No,we___________.A.isn’tB.aren’tC.notD.don’t13.Listen!Thegirl_____________intheroom.A.singsB.singingC.issingingD.aresinging14.Theboyis__________tohisteacher.A.sayingB.speakingC.talkingD.telling（三）用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften_________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_________(be)inClassOne.3.We_________(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_________(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.they_________(like)theWorldCup?6.Whattheyoften_________(do)onSaturdays?7.yourparents_________(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_________(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI_________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There_________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_________(like)cooking.12.The