中考非谓语动词完整版

非谓语动词1.动词不定式2.动名词3.分词【动词不定式】1.不定式做主语动词不定式做主语通常用it做形式主语、其结构为：Itis+形+for/ofsb.todosth.TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.Itisusefulforustolearn….2.不定式做宾语(3点)▲一些谓语动词后只能用不定式做宾语常见的这类词有：wouldlike,want,hope,decide,plan…Wouldyouliketoseeafilm?▲在find,think后做宾语时，通常需要形式宾语it,将不定式放到句尾.IfinditeasytoreadEnglish.▲常见的一些不带to的动词不定式hadbetterdo,wouldratherdo…Youhadbettergohomenow.3.不定式做宾语补足语不定式做宾补与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。常见的词有：tell,ask,want,allow…Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.▲注意：另外有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式做宾补、但不定式为省略to的形式常见词：feel,hear,see,make…4.不定式做定语somethingtoeatThereisnothingtoworryabout.▲如果是不及物动词、且与名词有动宾关系、要在不定式后加上适当的介词。▲不定式做定语放在名词后、并且与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。4.不定式做状语▲不定式做状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。Iamsorrytotroubleyou.IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.5.不定式与疑问词连用Hedoesn’tknowwheretogo.Hedoesn’tknowwhereheshouldgo.【动名词】1.V-ing做主语、谓语动词用单数形式Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.2.V-ing做动词、介词的宾语，表示一般的习惯、抽象的行为或经常性的动作Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.3.V-ing做表语，多数情况下可转化成做主语Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Collectingstampsishishobby.4.V-ing做定语只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等、置前。Sheisinthereadingroom.…improvehisteachingmethods.【分词】1.现在分词做定语、其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词；过去分词做定语、其逻辑宾语就是它所修饰的词Doyouknowthegirlstandingthere?Pleasehandinthewrittenexercises.2.现在分词做表语表示主语的性质特征。过去分词做表语表示某种状态。Thesituationisencouraging.Theboyistoofrightenedtomove.3.现在分词做补足语表示主动关系。过去分词做补足语表示被动关系。Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.Hewillhavehishaircutafterschool.4.分词做状语、逻辑主语是句子的主语。Thestudentswentoutoftheroom,talkingandlaughing.Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.【其他】1.同一个动词后接不定式与动名词的区别stoptodosth./stopdoingsth.Iregrettohavetodothis,butIhavenochioce.Idon’tregrettellingherwhatIknow.2.need,want,require后加todo/doingThewindowsneedcleaning.Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.3.havesb.do相当于letsb.dosth.havesb.doing相当于keepsb.doinghavesb.done--sb.与done为被动关系