全球化对中国文化的影响(英文原创)

DiscusstheimpactofglobalizationonChinafromcultureperspective1.IntroductionFormerUNSecretaryGeneralAnnanoncepointedoutthatglobalizationisanactualeventwhichwouldhavehugeeffectsonthefutureofhumanrace.Globalizationisledbywesterncountries,sodevelopingcountrieshavelesseffectinglobalization(Lieber&Weisberg,2002).Globalizationbecomesagreatthreatandchallengetobotheconomysafetyandsovereigntyofdevelopingcountries,aswellastheirculturalsecurity(Compton,2000).Astheworld’slargestdevelopingcountry,Chinagoesfasterthananyotherdevelopingcountryintheprogressofglobalization.Coupledwiththecomplexenvironmentofglobalization,manysocialfacetsinChinaarebeingorhavebeendeeplyinfluencedbyglobalization.Amongtheseinfluences,China’sculturaldevelopmentisinamuchmoredangeroussituation.Globalizationisaactually,double-edgedsword,whichbringspeoplebothchallengesandopportunities.2.ChallengesofglobalizationtoChineseculture2.1DeclineoftraditionalfestivalsIntheprocessofglobalizationandwiththeexpansionofculturalcommunication,westernculturesweepsChinaandofcourse,thisisnormal.Onlyabsorbingandintegratingforeigncultureelementcanguaranteeanationalculturearemarkabledevelopment.Inthiscultureexchangingprogress,peopleshouldholdontothebottomlineofnationalculture.However,aswesternfestivalsenterChina,moreandmoreChinesefavorforeignfestivalsratherthantheirown.SomeareindifferenttotraditionalChinesefestivalsandevenforgetthem(Jie,2003).Certainly,thehypeofforeignfestivalsbytheadvertisersisoneofthereasons.However,whatisdeeplyreflectedbythisphenomenonisthatChineseareshowingastatusofbigotryandinapplicabilitytotheglobalization(Liu,2004).ItisthebigotryandinapplicabilitythatleadstothegreatendangermentoftraditionalChinesefestivals.2.2InsufficientculturalcreativeabilityChinesecultureandtechnologycannotmakeabreakthroughduringthefeudalismtimes(Huot,2000).Inthe21thcentury,feudalforcesnolongerexist.However,Chinesetechnology,alongwiththeculture,isstillonhold,whichmaybecausedinpartbyglobalization.Intheprocessofglobalization,Chinahasintroducedagreatnumberofmoderncutting-edgetechnologies.Thiswouldhavebeenagoodthing.However,theproblemisthatthedependenceonforeignscienceandtechnologyistoolarge(Huot,2000).Peopleonlypayattentiontointroductionbuttheybarelydevotethemselvestoanalyzinganddigestingtheessenceofthesetechnologies.Thisphenomenondirectlyimpairstheabilityofself-dependentinnovation.2.3InsufficientculturalautonomyTheprocessofculturalglobalizationwillinevitablyleadtoconflictsofvariousethnicculturesroundtheworld.AtypicalexampleisthattheUS-ledwesternculturespreadstooccupythedominanceoftheglobalculture.Itstandsinastrongposition,formingtheso-calledculturalhegemony(Compton,2000).Westernculturehasapowerfulintegrationcapability.Itstronglyradiatesotherdevelopingcountriesonnationalculture.Chinesepeopleareattractedbythehighlydevelopedwesternculture.AfterreexamininglaggingfactorswithinChineseculture,phenomenonofwesternizationappearsonthesurfaceofChinesematerialculture(Guthrie,2012).Forexample,dissimilationinlanguageandcharacter,crazeforChinesebrandsinEnglishnames,goingabroadcrazeandsoon.ThisalsoexplainsthatChinaisinfluencedbywesterncapitalistculturewhenitcomestothedevelopmentofmaterialculture.Facingthehighlydevelopedwesterncapitalistmaterialculture,Chinesepeopleareinanextremelypassivestate.ThispenetratesfurtherintothedeeplayerofChineseculture.Chinesepeoplearelackofautonomyinthedevelopmentprocessofnationalculture.3.OpportunitiesforChineseculturebroughtbyglobalization3.1Government’spowerfulguidingfunctiontothedevelopmentofnationalcultureAmongthecourseofreformandopeningup,Chinesegovernmentintroducedaseriesofmeasuresforthepreservationanddevelopmentofnationalculture.Throughculturallegislation,culturalprotectionsystemsandpolicies,culturalmanagementandothermeans,ChinahadeffectivelyresistedglobalizationculturalrisktoChineseculture.ItshowsapowerfulguidingfunctionforthedevelopmentofChineseculture.Forinstance,centralandlocalgovernmentsatalllevelsactivelyexploittheadvantagesofuniqueculturetodeclareworldheritages(Bergsten,2008).Fromthetermsoflegislation,ChinesegovernmenthasalreadysettheDragonBoatFestival,Mid-AutumnFestival,Sweeping-TombFestivalandothertraditionalfestivalsasnationalfestivals.ThisindicatesthatChinesegovernmentbeginstoattachimportancetotraditionalChineseculture.3.2RadiantnationalcultureontheworldstageChina'snationalculturehassomebackwardculturalfactors,butoverall,China'snationalculturestillhasalotofessence.Andsomepeopleholdakindof“westernfawninginmind.Thisexhibitsashortageofnationalself-confidenceandnationalpride.China,anancientcivilizedcountrywith5000yearsofhistory,waslongregardedasamysteriousnationbywesterners.Withtheacceleratingprocessofglobalization,exchangeanddisseminationbetweenChinesecultureandforeignculturesmoveonrapidly.Forexample,ChinahasbuiltupmanyConfuciusInstitutesinmanycountriesintheworld.AcrazeoflearningChineseissweepingtheworld.MoreandmoreforeignersareattractedbytheuniquecharismaofChineseculture.ThisphenomenondemonstratesaChinesesaying,“themoreethnic,themorecosmopolitan”(Pieterse,