人教版英语必修3-Unit5词汇讲解--

WordsandExpressions必修三Unit51.multicultural/adj./多元文化的multiculturalbackground多元文化背景multiply/vt./乘法；繁殖multiplechoice选择题2.quiz/n./小型测验；问答比赛/v./盘问，查询，询问*Popquiz!来个突击测验！*Theyarehavingaquiznow.他们正进行小测验。*Icontinuedtoquizhim.我继续问他。*OurEnglishteacheroftengivesusafive-minutequizbeforeclass.辨析quiz/test/examination/exam这些名词均含“考试”之意。quiz指时间较短，随时进行的口头或书面的非正式测验。test多指有具体目的的临时性考试或小考。examination通常指为检查学生知识或能力而举行的正式考试，有时也指临时考试.exam是examination的缩略形式，口语用词，通俗。3.Canadian/n./加拿大人/adj./加拿大的，加拿大人的Canada/n./加拿大Ottawa渥太华（加拿大首都）Vancouver温哥华Toronto多伦多Calgary卡尔加里4.polar/adj./极地的Inthepolarareas,youcanseepolarbears.polarlightpolarstation5.penguin/n./企鹅atypeoflargeblackandwhiteseabirdfoundmainlyintheAntarctic.Penguinscannotflybutusetheirshortwingsforswimming.6.minister/n./部长；大臣foreignminister外交部长primeminister首相；总理；丞相governor/n./州长；总督；省长7.continent/n./洲，大陆continentsoftheearthChinaandIndiaareofthesamecontinent.8.baggage/n./行李【U】Howmuchbaggagedoyouhave?9.chat/vi./聊天；闲聊chatto/withsb.aboutsth.与某人就某事闲聊DoyouoftenchatontheInternet?haveachatwithsb.与某人聊天10.eastward/adv./向东/adj./向东的，朝东的westward/adv./向西/adj./向西的，朝西的upward/adv./向上/adj./向上的，朝上的*-ward朝……的，向着……11.surround/vt./包围；围绕Housesaresurroundedwithtrees.Themanissurroundedbypeople.surround/v./surround…..with…..用…..包围besurroundedby/with被…..包围surrounding/adj./周围的；附近的surroundings/n./环境Thesurroundingvillageshavebeenincludedintothegrowingcity.Sheworksinpleasantsurroundings.12.theRockyMountains落基山脉TheRockyMountains,commonlyknownastheRockies,areamajormountainrangeinwesternNorthAmerica.13.harbor/n./海港珠海港美国珍珠港14.measure/vi.&vt./测量，衡量，判定/n./计量制，计量单位，措施takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事measureAbyB用B测量Amake….tosb.’smeasure给某人量身做…….15.aboard/prep./&/adv./在（船、飞机、火车等）上；上（船、飞机、火车等）上goaboard上（船、飞机、火车等）辨析abroadabroad/adv./在国外，到国外goabroad出国辨析board/n./模板；膳食费用；委员会/v./寄宿；上船（飞机）；用板盖上onboard搭乘船飞机、车辆）的（地）；在船（飞机、车辆）broad/adj./宽阔的；显著的；大概的；宽阔的1.Allthepassengersaboardfellintotheriver.abroadstreetbroadshouldersbroadmarket3.Thepassengersboardedtheplaneat9:00am.4.ThepianistLangLangisfamousbothathomeandabroad.16.within/prep./在…以内within表示不超过某个范围，可用于空间、距离、时间、能力等。withinlimits在…….限度内withinreach(of)能得到，在附近----I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthereadingtask___therequiredtime.----Takeyourtime.A.forB.betweenC.beyondD.withinDin,within,before,after这四个介词均可以和时间连用in作“在…..之后”讲时，与将来时连用；within意为“不超过”时，表示说话者将要发出的动作，谓语动词用将来时。before表示在说话之前已过去的时间，谓语动词用过去时。after与一段时间连用，表示说话者过去分动作，用一般过去时；与具体的时间连用，表示说话者将来的动作，用将来时态。17.mix/vi./&/vi./混合，调配mixup弄乱，弄错mixAand/withB把A与B混合起来Be/getmixedupwith与….交往/与….厮混mixture/n./混合（物）；混合状态mixed/adj./混合的Theboymixedthepaintandwatertogether.Thereisamixeddoublesthisafternoon.18.confirm/vt./证实，证明，批准confirmation/n./证实，确认，批准confirmsb.insth.使某人确信某事confirmthat-从句Whatyouhavesaidconfirmsmyopinion.19.wealthy/adj./富有的awealthyfamily/nation有钱的人家/民族liveawealthylife过着富有的生活wealth/n./财产，财富liveinwealth过着富裕的生活辨析wealthy/richwealthy富有的，富裕的多指财富上的富裕rich丰富的，富有的可指钱财，也可指物质上，精神上的其他东西20.approximately/adv./大约Approximately60,000peoplecrowdedintothestadium.辨析approximately/aboutapproximately大约，误差极小，可以忽略；about大致接近，相差可多可少;Ittookapproximatelysevenhourstofinishthework.Theywaited(for)aboutanhour.21.pleased/adj./(人感到）高兴的；愉快的please/vt./使满意；使愉快pleasure/n./高兴；愉快；乐事pleasant/adj./令人高兴的bepleasedwithsb./sth.对…感到满意bepleasedtodosth.高兴/乐于做某事22.terrify/vt./使恐怖；恐吓terrified/adj./（人感到）恐惧的；受惊吓的terrifying/adj./令人恐惧的beterrifiedofdoingsth.惧怕做某事beterrifiedat/by…因…而十分害怕terrorist/n./恐怖分子23.impress/vt./使印象深刻；impresssb.withsth./sb.给某人留下深刻印象Hissincerityimpressedher.他的真诚打动了她。impresssth/on/uponsth使铭记;使某人明白Fatherimpressedtheimportanceofhardworkonme.父亲使我意识到努力工作的重要性。impressive/adj./感人的；给人印象深刻的impression/n./印象1.ratherthan与其，不愿=insteadof而不是宁愿做A而不愿做B的表达：wouldratherdoAthandoBdoAratherthandoBprefertodoAratherthandoBHepreferredtostayathomewatchingTVratherthangototheconcert.重点短语2.settledown定居；平静下来；专心于settledowntosth.定下心来做某事settledownto(doing)…..开始认真（做）….静下心来（做）…..settleone’saffairs把自己的事情安排好重点短语settledownsettle/v./定居，解决settler/n./移民，殖民者settlement/n./移民，定居者settled/adj./固定的，不变的巧记：Thesettlerssettledhereandtheirsettlementshouldbesettled.移民者们在这里定居了，他们的定居点应该是不变的。重点短语3.managetodo设法做Theboxwasheavybuthemanagedtocarryitaway.辨析managetodo/trytodomanagetodo表示设法做成某事，强调结果。相当于succeedindoingsth.trytodo表示尽力做某事，但是成功与否不确定，强调动作。重点短语4.catchsightof看见；瞥见atfirstsight初看时atthesightof一看见就in/withinsightof在看得见……的地方losesightof看不见……outofsight看不见…..Catchingsightofhisfather,theboyranaway.重点短语5.haveagiftfor有…..天赋=havethegiftofgift还有“礼物”之意辨析gift/presentgift:较为贵重的礼物，带有一定感情色彩；present:不怎么贵重的一般性礼物重点短语6.inthedistance在远处atadistance从远处，隔开一段距离与…..保持相当的距离，疏远keepsb./sth.atadistancekeepone’sdistancefromsb./sth.Icouldseethebuscominginthedistance.重点短语1.Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover90metres.句中somemeasuringover90metres为独立主格结构，在句中做状语。独立主格结构该结构是由名词或代词做逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语做逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与句子没有关系，故被称为“独立主格结构”。它在句中做状语结构，且与句子间用逗号隔开。Wintercoming,itgetscolderandcolder.句型透视2.Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.句中that引导的为同位语从句，主句为Thethoughtwasexciting.Wordcamethattheheadmasterwouldvisitourclass.句型透视