译林牛津版六年级知识点整理

1知识点归纳班级：姓名：句子时态归纳一、一般现在时（句子中通常有always，usually，often，sometimes，never，every…,onMondays/…）1、句型结构：主语+V.(s)如果主语是三单，谓语动词加s或者es.例如：Helenlikeslisteningtomusic.Mysisterhasatoycat.如果主语不是三单，谓语动词用原形。例如：Ilikelisteningtomusic.Ihaveatoycat.2、动词+s/es形式（1）一般动词后加s如reads（2）以s、x、ch、sh结尾,加es如watches（3）以辅音字母+o结尾,一般加es如goes（4）辅音+y结尾,变y为i,再加es如worries.二、一般现在进行时（句子中通常有now，listen,look,具体时间等）1、句型结构：主语+be+V.ing例如：Iamsingingintheclassroom.LiuTaoisreadinginthebedroom.2、动词ing形式（1）一般情况直接加ing，play—playing（2）以不发音的“e”结尾，去“e”加ing，skate—skating（3）双写词尾字母加ing，sit—sitting,swim—swimming,run—running,put—putting,get—getting,begin—beginning,shop—shopping,stop—stopping三、一般过去时（句子中通常有justnow，…ago，yesterday，last…,before等）1、句型结构：主语+V.ed谓语动词加ed（不规则动词：go-went，come-came等）例如：Ilistenedtomusiclastnight.LiuTaowenttothezooyesterday.2、动词ed形式（1）一般情况直接+ede.g.play–played（2）闭音节单词双写末尾单词+ede.g.stop–stopped，shop–shopped（3）原形与过去式同型e.g.read-read，hit-hit，put-put，let-let，cut-cut，lose—lost（4）以辅音+y结尾去y变i+ede.g.copy-copied，cry-cried，study-studied，become-became（5）不规则动词的过去式is-wasam-wasare-weredo-didcan-couldbegin-beganbring-broughtbuy-boughtcatch-caughtteach-taughtchoose-chosecome-cameget-gotdraw-drewkeep-keptdrive-droveeat-atefind-foundfly-flewforget-forgot2hear-heardgive-gavego-wentgrow-grewhave-haddrink-dranktry--triedknow-knewlearn-learnt/learnedmake-madesend-sentmeet-methold--heldwear--woreride-rodering-rangrun-ransay-saidsee-sawshall-shouldsing-sangsit-satsleep-sleptspeak-spokespend-spentstand-stoodsweep-sweptswim-swamtake-tookteach-taught四、一般将来时（句子中通常有tomorrow，next…，soon，thisafternoon，thisevening）谓语动词结构是：begoingto+do（表示计划、打算做…）或者will+do（表示即将发生…）句型结构：主语+begoingto/will+V.原形例如：IamgoingtohaveanEnglishlessontomorrow.HewillhaveanEnglishlessontomorrow.动词使用1、用动词原形（1）情态动词：can，can’t，should，shouldn’t，must，mustn’t，could，couldn’t，will，won’t后面用动词原形,（2）助动词do，don’t，does，doesn’t，did，didn’t后面用动词原形。（3）let，help后面用动词原形2、动词加inglikedoing,lovedoing,godoing,finishdoing,stopdoingNodoing（禁止做某事e.g.Noeatingordrinking.）介词（begoodat，about，for）后面动词加ing等3、加to加动词原形wanttodo，wouldliketodo，havetodo（不得不做某事）,begoingtodo，howtodo（怎么样做某事），it’stimetodo（…的时间到了）,forgettodo…(忘记做……),remembertodo（记得做…），trytodo（试着做…），use/reusetodo（用/再利用…做…），主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词主格宾格形物我（的）Imemy我们（的）weusour你（的）youyouyour你们（的）youyouyou他（的）hehimhis她（的）sheherher它（的）ititits他们（的）theythemtheir动词和介词后用宾格：动词如：help(helpme)/let(letus)/make(you)…介词如：for(me)/from(him)/to(you)…3名词使用1、alotof，lotsof，some，afew，many，howmany后面加可数名词复数，alotof，lotsof，some，alittle，much，howmuch后面加不可数名词。2、可数名词与不可数名词的分类可数名词不可数名词sweet(s),cake(s),icecream(s),egg(s),noodle(s),hamburger(s),sandwich(es),hotdog(s),lollipop(s),sausage(s),steamedbun(s),vegetable(s),carrot(s),bean(s),tomato(es),potato(es),apple(s),pear(s),peach(es),mango(es),grape(s)…water,milk,juice,coffee,cola,tea,soup,porridge,cereal,rice,bread,meat…3、名词单复数（1）一般情况，+s（2）名词以s、x、sh、ch结尾，+es（3）名词以“o”结尾，有生命的+es（如potato—potatoes）；无生命的+s（如photo—photos）（4）名词以“y”结尾，元音（a,e,i,o,u）+y结尾——直接+s；辅音+y结尾——去y变i+es（5）名词以“f”/“fe”结尾，去f/fe变ve+s（6）特殊：man——men，tooth——teeth，foot——feet，child——children形容词，副词1.形容词用于修饰名词：Heisahappyboy.副词用于修饰动词：Healwayssinghappily.2.连系动词用形容词修饰：be动词(is,am,are),look,feel,keep,smell,taste,sound,get,become,make举例：lookhappy,feelgood,keephealthy,smellnice,tastegood,soundgood,becomesunny…3.形容词到副词的变化规律形容词副词形容词副词形容词副词一般情况直接+ly特殊变化辅音+y结尾，去y变i+lybeautifulbeautifullygoodwellhappyhappilycarefulcarefully形容词、副词同形angryangrilyloudloudlyhighhigheasyeasilybadbadlyfastfastbusybusilyexcitedexcitedlyearlyearlyheavyheavilyquietquietlylatelatequickquicklyslowslowlysadsadly动词变职业名词1、动词+er/r结尾：play---player，teach---teacher，sing---singer，work---worker，4clean---cleaner，drive---driver，write---writer，dance---dancer，paint---painter，love---lover，travel---traveller2、+orvisit---visitor3、-ist结尾：piano---pianist，science---scientist，art---artist，牙医dentist4、-man结尾：post---postman，milk---milkman，space---spaceman，fire---fireman___5、男/女职业：police---policeman（男），police---policewoman（女）act---actor（男），act---actress（女）wait---waiter（男），wait---waitress（女）6、医生doctor，护士nurse，农民farmer，宇航员astronaut7、China中国-Chinese中国人America美国-American美国人France法国-French法国人theUK英国-British英国人England英国-English英国人Australia澳大利亚-Australian澳大利亚人Japan日本-Japanese日本人theUS/America美国-American美国人句型转化一、一般疑问句做法：（1）有Be动词（am\is\are\was\were）时，将Be动词提到句首，剩余部分照抄；（2）有情态动词can/would/must/will/should时，将can/would/must/will/should提到句首，剩余部分照抄；（3）没有Be动词（am\is\are\was\were）和情态动词can/would/must/will/should时，句首用助动词do/does/did;（4）注意点：I变you,my变your,us变you,me变you,our变your.some变any二、否定句（1）在句中的动词am\is\are\was\were或can/would/must/will/should后面加not.（2）如果没有am\is\are\was\were或can/would/must/will/should就在动词前加don’t,doesn’t或didn’t.三、划线部分提问：根据划线内容找到疑问词。问物品：what问时间：whattime问地点：where问数量：howmany问年龄：howold问价格：howmuch问颜色：whatcolour问人名：who问谁的：whose问形状：whatshape(注意问正在做某事问句句型：What……doing?)四、同义句1、It’stimeto加动词原形=It’stimefor加名词5e.g.It’stimetohavelunch.It’stimeforlunch.2、sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.e.g.Pleasesendmesomephotos.=Pleasesendsomephotostome.3、showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.e.g.Pleaseshowmesomephotos.=Pleaseshowsomephotostome.4、buysb.sth.=buysth.fors