WAR and PEACE 英语课件 下

2020/3/15AfterWorldWarII，Theworldsituationproducednewchange.TheColdWarbegantoappear.TheWorldwarhadchangetoregionalwar.Inthisform,differentcountriesincreasinglyapparentconflictofinterest.KoreanWarandVietnamWarwerebreakout.2020/3/15Time:1950.6.25-1953.7.27Location：KoreanCountries:China\Korean\AmericaNumberofcasualties:2,500,000Time:1959-1975Location：VietnamCountries:American\VietnamNumberofcasualties:2,300,000Itisanhonorforme—ladiesandgentlemen—tocomeherethisafternoon，andIamcomplimentedthatyoushouldgivemeachancetotellsometruthofourmodernworldorjustaboutmodernwarfare.Terrorismisthesystematicuseofterror,especiallyasameansofcoercion.Intheinternationalcommunity,however,terrorismhasnouniversallyagreed,legallybinding,criminallawdefinition.Commondefinitionsofterrorismreferonlytothoseviolentactswhichareintendedtocreatefear(terror),areperpetratedforareligious,politicalorideologicalgoal,anddeliberatelytargetordisregardthesafetyofnon-combatants(civilians).Whentheterroristsstruckon9/11,theUnitedStatesmilitarywassingularlyunpreparedtodealwiththem.OnereflectionofthePentagon’smind-setatthetimewasthefactthattheArmycounterinsurgencymanualhadnotbeenupdatedsince1986andtheMarineCorpsguidehadnotbeenrevisedsince1980.TheSecondChechenWar,inalaterphasebetterknownastheWarintheNorthCaucasus,waslaunchedbytheRussianFederationstarting26August1999,inresponsetotheInvasionofDagestanbytheIslamicInternationalPeacekeepingBrigade.TheBeslanschoolhostagecrisis(alsoreferredtoastheBeslanschoolsiegeorBeslanmassacre)ofearlySeptember2004wasathree-dayhostage-takingofover1,100peoplewhichendedinthedeathsofover380.ItbeganwhenagroupofarmedmostlyIngushandChechenIslamicmilitantstookmorethan1,100people(including777children)hostageon1September,atSchoolNumberOne(SNO)inthetownofBeslan,NorthOssetia,anautonomousrepublicintheNorthCaucasusregionoftheRussianFederation.Thehostagetakingwascarriedoutbytheterrorists,sentbytheChechenseparatistwarlordShamilBasayevwhoissueddemandsofanendtotheSecondChechenWarandRussianwithdrawalfromChechnya.Onthethirddayofthestandoff,Russiansecurityforceswereforcedtostormthebuilding.Ultimately,atleast334hostageswerekilled,including186children;hundredsmorewereinjuredandmanywerereportedmissing.Russianspecialforceslost21Officersinthestorm.TheWarinAfghanistanbeganonOctober7,2001,asthearmedforcesoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,theUnitedKingdomandtheAfghanUnitedFront(NorthernAlliance)launchedOperationEnduringFreedom.TheprimarydriveroftheinvasionwastheSeptember11attacksontheUnitedStates,withthestatedgoalofdismantlingtheAl-QaedaterroristorganizationandendingitsuseofAfghanistanasabase.NavySEALEthosandCode“LoyaltytoCountry,TeamandTeammateServewithHonorandIntegrityOnandOfftheBattlefield,ReadytoLead,ReadytoFollow,NeverQuit,Takeresponsibilityforyouractionsandtheactionsofyourteammates,ExcelasWarriorsthroughDisciplineandInnovation,TrainforWar,FighttoWin,DefeatourNation'sEnemies,EarnyourTridenteveryday.”“不论是否在战争时期，我始终保持忠诚之心。我的情绪以及动作的控制能力，不论在任何情况下，都能区分我与其他人的不同。坚定的正直之心是我的标准原则，我的角色以及忠诚是至死不渝，我所说的字就是我的保证。”“MyloyaltytoCountryandTeamisbeyondreproach.Ihumblyserveasaguardiantomyfellowpeoplealwaysreadytodefendthosewhoareunabletodefendthemselves.Idonotadvertisethenatureofmywork,norseekrecognitionformyactions.Ivoluntarilyaccepttheinherenthazardsofmyprofession,placingthewelfareandsecurityofothersbeforemyown.”“我对于国家以及队伍的忠诚远深于责斥，我则是要捍卫同国家的人民，尤其是那些无法保护自己的人。我并没有替我职业的本质打广告，也没有寻找我行动的认证，我自愿接受这样危险的工作作为我的职业，我必须视其他人的幸福与安全比自己重要。”Intakingrevenge,amanisbutevenwithhisenemy;butinpassingitover,heissuperior.——FrancisBaconPatriotismissupportingyourcountryallthetime,andyourgovernmentwhenitdeservesit.——MarkTwainAsknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou,butwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.——J·F·KennedyGenerally,warisrepugnant,butpeaceiswelcome.Whilepeaceistheultimategoalofallofourundertakinginthisworld,warhasbeeninevitableinthecourseofhumancivilization.Doesmanhaveaninnatetasteforwar?Orisitjustanacquiredschemelearnedfromhumansociety?Weonlyknowthattherehasn'tbeenanyperiodinthehistoryduringwhichtheworldwasreallyatpeace.Humanbeingspursuepeaceandprosperitythroughtheestablishmentoffamilies,communities,andnations.Whyshouldweletallthesebedestroyedbywars?Toreducethepossibilityofwartothelowestextent,Ihavetwosuggestions.Firstofall,educationshouldbeconsolidatedtoeliminatethebrutalityandbeastlinessinhumannature.Knowledgederivesfromeducationandisasurerroadtowisdom.Wisdomenablesustodistinguishrightfromwrong.Italsoteachesusrestraintandtolerance,twoeffectivemeansofpreventingwaywardkillinganddestruction.Anothercureisreligion.Mostreligionsintheworldadvocatephilanthropyandforgiveness,whichdissolvehatredandrevenge.Consequently,educationandreligionworkingsidebysidecantransformabarbarianintoacivilizedperson.Withwisdomandlove,thehumanraceasawholewilldetestwarandembracepeace.Itisevidentthatthesedays,whenyouturnonyourtelevision,yourradios,evenblogsontheinternet,allyoucansee,hear,readandevensmellisunrest.Haven’twegottensickandtiredofallthese?Evenareligiousiconcalledfortheassassinationofacountry’sleader.Amother’sanguisho