英语常见形容词及比较级、最高级变化一览表

形容词第一章比较级、最高级变化一览表规则变化1.单音节以及少数双音节的词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级：bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightestbroad（广阔的）—broader—broadestcheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapestclean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanestclever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverestcold（寒冷的）—colder—coldestcool（凉的）—cooler—coolestdark（黑暗的）—darker—darkestdear（贵的）—dearer—dearestdeep（深的）—deeper—deepestfast（迅速的）—faster—fastestfew（少的）—fewer—fewestgreat（伟大的）—greater—greatesthard（困难的，硬的）—harder—hardesthigh（高的）—higher—highestkind（善良的）—kinder—kindestlight（轻的）—lighter—lightestlong（长的）—longer—longestloud（响亮的）—louder—loudestlow（低的）—lower—lowestnear（近的）—nearer—nearestnew（新的）—newer—newestpoor（穷的）—poorer—poorestquick（快的）—quicker—quickestquiet（安静的）—quieter—quietestrich（富裕的）—richer—richestshort（短的）—shorter—shortestslow（慢的）—slower—slowestsmall（小的）—smaller—smallestsmart（聪明的）—smarter—smartestsoft（柔软的）—softer—softeststrong（强壮的）—stronger—strongestsweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetesttall（高的）-taller-tallestthick（厚的）—thicker—thickestwarm（温暖的）—warmer—warmestweak（弱的）—weaker—weakestyoung（年轻的）—younger—youngest2以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节词），双写结尾的辅音字母er，-estbig（大的）—bigger—biggestfat（胖的）—fatter—fattesthot（热的）—hotter—hottestred（红的）—redder—reddestsad（伤心的）—sadder—saddestthin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnestwet（湿的）—wetter—wettestmad（疯的）—madder—maddest特别提醒：new,few,slow,clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级：able（能干的）—abler—ablestbrave（勇敢的）—braver—bravestclose（接近的）—closer—closestfine（好的，完美的）—finer—finestlarge（巨大的）—larger—largestlate（迟的）—later—latestnice（好的）—nicer—nicestripe（成熟的）—riper—ripestrude（粗鲁的）—ruder—rudestsafe（安全的）—safer—safeststrange（奇怪的）—stranger—strangestwide（宽广的）—wider—widestwise（睿智的，聪明的）—wiser—wisestwhite（白的）—whiter—whitest4.“以辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i，再加-er,-estbusy（忙碌的）—busier—busiestdirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiestdry（干燥的）—drier—driestearly（早的）—earlier—earliesteasy（容易的）—easier—easiestfriendly（友好的）—friendlier—friendliestfunny（好玩的）—funnier—funniesthappy（开心的）—happier—happiesthealthy（健康的）—healthier—healthiestheavy（重的）—heavier—heaviesthungry（饿的）—hungrier—hungriestlazy（懒惰的）—lazier—laziestlucky（幸运的）—luckier—luckiestnaughty（调皮的）—naughtier—naughtiestnoisy（嘈杂的）—noisier—noisiestpretty（美丽的）—prettier—prettiestsilly（傻的）—sillier—silliestspicy（辣的）—spicier—spiciestthirsty（渴的）—thirstier—thirstiestugly（丑的）—uglier—ugliest5.双音节、多音节形容词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，在单词前面加上“more”“most”构成比较级、最高级：afraid（害怕的）—moreafraid—mostafraidbeautiful（美丽的）—morebeautiful—mostbeautifulcareful（仔细的）—morecareful—mostcarefulcheerful（开心的）—morecheerful—mostcheerfulcrowded（拥挤的）—morecrowded—mostcrowdeddangerous（危险的）—moredangerous—mostdangerousdelicious（美味的）—moredelicious—mostdeliciousdifficult（困难的）—moredifficult—mostdifficultexciting（令人兴奋的）—moreexciting—mostexcitingexpensive（昂贵的）—moreexpensive—mostexpensivefamous（著名的）—morefamous—mostfamousfrightened（受惊的）—morefrightened—mostfrightenedfrightening（令人害怕的）—morefrightening—mostfrighteninghard-working（勤奋的）—morehard-working—mosthard-workinghelpful（有帮助的）—morehelpful—mosthelpfulhonest（诚实的）—morehonest—mosthonestimportant（重要的）—moreimportant—mostimportantinteresting（有趣的）—moreinteresting—mostinterestingpolite（有礼貌的）—morepolite—mostpoliteterrible（可怕的）—moreterrible—mostterribletired（累的）—moretired—mosttired特别提醒：以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如：unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest,untidy-untidier-untidiest6.以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加more，mostSlowly-moreslowly-mostslowlyquickly-morequickly-mostquickly特别提醒：early-earlier-earliest7.由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。interesting-moreinteresting-mostinterestingexcited-moreexcited-mostexcitingtired-moretired-mosttiredboring-moreboring-mostboring不规则变化bad（坏的）—worse—worstfar（远的）—farther—farthest(far—further—furthest)good（好的）—better—bestill（病的）—worse—worstlittle（少的）—less—leastmany（多的）—more—mostmuch（多的）—more—mostold（年老的）—older—oldest(old—elder—eldest)well（好的，身体好的）—better—best特别提醒：◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”，还可指“程度更深”。记住以下三个词组：furtherstudy(进修)furthereducation(继续教育)furtherinformation(进一步的信息)◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行，如:eldersister(姐姐)elderbrother(哥哥)◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。第二章形容词副词比较级较难考点◇少数单音节词前面加more,most构成比较级和最高级，这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词afraid-moreafraid,mostafraidtired-moretired,mosttiredfond-morefond,mostfondglad-moreglad,mostgladbored-morebored,mostboredpleased----morepleased,mostpleased◇下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式，即：既可加-er/-est也可加more/moststrict,often,friendly,clever◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高（即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级）如：empty,wrong,perfect,unique,extreme,excellent,favourite,true,right,correct,extremely...◇比较应在同类事物之间进行。误：YourEnglishisbetterthanme.正：YourEnglishisbetterthanmine.◇比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语，最常见的三大修饰词是：alittle,much,even。以下单词也可用来修饰：any,far,still,alot,yet,rather。Mysisterisalittletallerthanme.Theirhouseismuchlargerthanours.另外，名词短语也可修饰比较级，说明程度。I’mthreeyearsolderthanhe.特别提醒：very,quite,too不可修饰比较级。◇避免重复使用比较级。误：HeismorekindertosmallanimalsthanI.正：HeismuchkindertosmallanimalsthanI.误：Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.正：Heisclevererthanhisbrother.◇比较要符合逻辑，在同一范围内比较时，避免将主语含在比较对象中，这时需使用other来排除自身。误：ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia.正：ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.误：Johnstudiesharderthananystudentinhisclass.正：Johnstud