英语写作常见十大语法错误

英语写作常见十大语法错误“TopTenCommonErrors”inEnglishWriting一、句子不完整a.一个简单句有两个基本成分：主语和谓语动词，两者缺一不可。1.TheythinkbuyJapanesegoodsishavingnothingtodowithlovingthemotherland.TheythinktobuyJapanesegoodsishavingnothingtodowithlovingthemotherland.2.ResisttheJapaneseproductsisoneofthiswaysToresisttheJapaneseproductsisoneofthisways3.ThiswillonlyharmtoChinamore.ThiswillonlydoharmtoChinamore.b.如果一个句子有从句，也必须保证从句的完整性。1.ManypeopleareconsideringwhethertoboycottthepurchaseofJapanesegoodsornot,fortheDiaoyuIslandincident/events.ManypeopleareconsideringwhethertoboycottthepurchaseofJapanesegoodsornot,fortheChinesepeopleareenragedbytheDiaoyuIslandincident/events.2.SomeonethinkitnecessarytorefusetobuyJapanesegoods.SomeonethinkitisnecessarytorefusetobuyJapanesegoods.c.介词后面一定要加名词、代词或者从句作宾语。1.PeoplewhosticktobeagainstthebehaviorofJapaneseclaimtodestroyallthegoods…PeoplewhosticktobeingagainstthebehaviorofJapaneseclaimtodestroyallthegoods…2.TheyevenmakeextremebehaviorbythenameofChinese,likehitcarswhicharemadeinJapan.TheyevenmakeextremebehaviorbythenameofChinese,likehittingcarswhicharemadeinJapan.二、句子成分多余a.一个简单句通常只有一个主语，如果主语超过一个，要使用连词构成并列主语。Smoking,drinkingarebannedinmanyplacesofwork.Smokinganddrinkingarebannedinmanyplacesofwork.b.如果一个句子中出现多个谓语动词，要使用连词连接构成并列动词，或者在一些句子中使用关系代词构成复合句。有一些动词后面可以跟动词作宾语或者宾语补足语。1.Themediadistortsreality,categoriesthingsasallgoodorallbad.Themediadistortsrealityandcategoriesthingsasallgoodorallbad.2.ShouldweChineseboycottJapaneseGoodsishotlydebatedrecentlybecauseoftheterritorialdisputerforDiaoyuIslands.WhetherweChineseshouldboycottJapaneseGoodsishotlydebatedrecentlybecauseoftheterritorialdisputerforDiaoyuIslands.3.PeoplethinkitisterriblethatwestopbuyJapanesegoods.PeoplethinkitisterriblethatwestopbuyingJapanesegoods.c.如果一个句子出现多个宾语，一般要使用连词连接构成并列宾语。但是也有一些动词，如give，offer等可以跟双宾语。Morepeoplewouldprefercycling,walkingifconditionswereright.Morepeoplewouldprefercyclingorwalkingifconditionswereright.d.如果出现两个句子，中间除了用加连词这种方法之外，还可以用标点符号分割，比如用句号或者分号。句号和分号在语法上有连词的功能，其前后要有完整的句子；而逗号、括号则不能够连接完整的句子。Educationhasbeenmadeavailabletomorepeoplenowadays,however,manyadultshavesomeproblemswithliteracyandnumeracy.Educationhasbeenmadeavailabletomorepeoplenowadays;however,manyadultshavesomeproblemswithliteracyandnumeracy.e.部分名词短语可独立作时间状语，前面不能加介词。Peoplecantraveltoandfromdutyineverydayonfootorbybike.Peoplecantraveltoandfromdutyeverydayonfootorbybike.f.一般来说，because和so,although和but等连词不能够同时用在一个句子当中。Althoughthecrimerateisfallinginmanypartsoftheworld,butviolentcrimesareconstantlyrampant.Althoughthecrimerateisfallinginmanypartsoftheworld,violentcrimesareconstantlyrampant.g.用词避免累赘，同义词或近义词最好不要同时出现。Teamworkisindispensable,essentialandcrucialifyouarenotanexperiencedlearnerorworker.Teamworkisindispensableifyouarenotanexperiencedlearnerorworker.三、时态、语态使用错误a.情态动词后面加动词原形1.Wecandowhatweshouldtodo,wecandowhatwecouldtodowecandowhatweshoulddo,wecandowhatwecando2.Clothesfortravelshouldwaslightweightandpractical.Clothesfortravelshouldbelightweightandpractical.b.助动词，主要有：do(does,did),be(am,is,are,was,were),have(has,had),shall(should),will(would)Isitseemreasonable?Doesitseemreasonable?助动词be后的动词不能是原形，一定要是动词的现在分词或者过去分词形式。Thebudgetofacountryshouldbebalanceeachyear.Thebudgetofacountryshouldbebalancedeachyear.c.有些句子的谓语动词由助动词（或情态动词）与实义动词构成，以构成一定的语态或时态。IfeverybodybuysgoodswhicharemadeinChinareplaceJapanesegoods.IfJapanesegoodsarereplacedbyonesaremadeinChina.d.动词的语态要分清主动和被动。1.ifweboycottJapanesegoodsentirely,twocountries’relationswillcompletelybreak,…ifweboycottJapanesegoodsentirely,twocountries’relationswillcompletelybebroken,…2.Consumerconfidencewillimprove,whichiscrucialtoaneconomicrecovery.Consumerconfidencewillbeimproved,whichiscrucialtoaneconomicrecovery.e.被动语态中,如果谓语动词是由动介或动副短语构成且位于句尾，那么后面的介词或者副词不能够省略。Atthenursinghome,elderscanbewellcared.Atthenursinghome,elderscanbewellcaredfor.四、前后不一致a.动名词和不定式做主语的时候谓语动词用单数。1.Raisingstandardsofliteracyarethegovernment’spriority.Raisingstandardsofliteracyisthegovernment’spriority.2.Torearachildalonearechallengingtoanyparent.Torearachildaloneischallengingtoanyparent.b.当主语后跟着with,togetherwith,coupledwith,combinedwith,aswellas,like等词引导的短语时，谓语动词的数跟前面主语的数保持一致。Overworking,coupledwithpoordiet,leadtophysicaldegeneration.Overworking,coupledwithpoordiet,leadstophysicaldegeneration.c.不定代词anybody,anything,everybody,everything,nobody,nothing,somebody,something,each,none等作主语，谓语动词用单数。Evenifsomebodyfallsick,everythinggoonasusual.Evenifsomebodyfallssick,everythinggoesonasusual.d.neither…nor…或者either…or…引导主语的时候，谓语动词的数视邻近动词的那个主语而定。e.定语从句中动词的数应该与先行词的数保持一致。Parenting,whichareastressfuljob,hasbeenincreasinglyvaluedbysociety.Parenting,whichisastressfuljob,hasbeenincreasinglyvaluedbysociety.f.由what,whether,how,that,where等词引导主语从句，从句的谓语动词用单数。Nowadays,whetherDiaoyuIslandsbelongtoChinaorJapanbecomethefocusofthedebate.Nowadays,whetherDiaoyuIslandsbelongtoChinaorJapanbecomesthefocusofthedebate.g.thenumberof+名词的复数，后面谓语动词用单数；anumberof+名词的复数，后面谓语动词用复数；ahugeamountof+不可数名词，后面谓语动词用单数。Asignificantnumberofyo