[整理]-人教版高一英语定语从句的一些概括和练习

Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.先行词放置于名词之_____，修饰名词的从句关系词连接作用1.2.在从句中充当成分后3.引导定语从句1)Doyouknowtheman________standingoverthere?2)Thegirl________weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepen_______Ilostyesterday?4)Whoistheperson_____handwritingisthebestofyou?5)Thebook_______isabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.6)Iamsittinginthechair______legs()broken.who/thatis(that/who/whom)(that/which)whosethat/whichwhoseare主语宾语定语that/whothat/who(m)whosethat/which关系代词的用法小结whose指人的关系代词指物的关系代词可省略主语宾语定语that/which可省略主谓一致主谓一致Whose+名词=ofwhich/whom+冠词+名词冠词+名词+ofwhich/whomThehouse,____doorisnew,belongstoJim.Thehouse,____thedoorisnew,belongstoJim.whose可以指代人或者物非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+whom/which”的结构，1)Thereare100teachersinourschool,__________60arewomenteachers.2)Thereare50studentsinourclass,______________havebeentoBeijing.3)Thattablehasfourlegs,all___________areveryshort.ofwhomtwo-thirdsofwhomofwhich“介词+关系词”的定语从句:介词放在关系代词前面时，只有介词+which（指物）和介词+whom（指人），这时关系代词一律不能省略。Situation1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?Situation2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin××Arethesetwosentencesright?可见,who、that不能用与介词之后而且,引导词在介词后是不能省略的.Situation3Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前,如：carefor,callon,putoff,listento,lookfor,lookafter,takecareof…Canweputtheprepositionsofthese2sentencesbeforetheattributiveclause?1aDoyoulikethebookshespent$10?bDoyoulikethebookshepaid$10?cDoyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?dDoyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhich介词+关系代词介词的判断一根据前面的先行词二根据词语搭配2A)Thepen____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.B)Thegas_______whichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.withwithoutCanyouworkthemout????????1A).I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.B)Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?foron2A)Thefarm__whichweworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.B)Thisisthetree____whichheweusedtoplaygames.onunderwhenwhywherewhereTipsRelativeadv.(usedasadverbial)when,where,why=prep.+whiche.gwhen=in/on/at/during…+which,where=in/on/at/under…+which,why=for+which.when引导定语从句在从句中作时间状语，先行词是表示时间的名词。☆Fouro’clockisthehourwhentheschoolisdismissed.☆Thesummerof1969,whenmenfirstsetfootonthemoon,willneverbeforgotten.先行词是时间时，并非都用when引导从句来修饰，试比较：☆Doyoustillrememberthedays_________therewasnoelectricity?☆Doyoustillrememberthedays____________wespenttogether?when(which/that)从句中缺少时间状语从句中缺少宾语vt.where引导定语从句在从句中作地点状语，先行词通常是表示地点的名词。☆Aone-waystreetisastreetwherevechiclescanonlygooneway.☆TheTowerofLondon,wheresomanypeoplelosttheirlives,isnowatouristattention.先行词是地点时，并非都用where引导从句来修饰，试比较：Theplace________LuXunonceworkedhasbecomeamuseum.Theplace___________IvisitedlastweekisinHongKong.where(which/that)从句中缺少地点状语从句中缺少宾语vt.Why引导定语从句在从句中作原因状语先行词通常是reasonThereasonwhyheleftisstillnotcleartous.先行词是thereason时并非都用whyThat’sthereason_______hewaslate.That’sthereason_______________hegaveme.why(which/that)从句中缺少原因状语从句中缺少宾语vt.when,where,why和that,which这主要看两点：一是定语从句是否完整（即充当什么句子成分）；二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。•补充：•关系副词where的先行词亦可是有地点含义的抽象名词•Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.•Therearecaseswheretheword“that”canbeomitted.2.先行词theway后的关系词：Alldependsontheway(that/inwhich)youstartthework.3.定语从句中的主谓一致:ThebookwhichliesonthedeskismineThebookswhichlieonthedeskaremine.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthathaveappearedthisyear.Thisistheonlyoneofthebestboyswhowaspraised.Fillintheblanks:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthat(that)(that)thatthatthat1）先行词是不定代词,如all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,theone,some等。Isthereanythingthatyouwant?只用that,不用which的情况：2）先行词被all,every,no,some,little,few,much,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,等所修饰时。Theonlythingthatherememberedwashername.3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthefirstfilmthatI’veseensinceIcamehere.4）先行词中既有人又有物时。Theytalkedabouttheteachersandthethings（that）theyrememberedintheschool.5）在以疑问词who或which开头的句子中Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?Whichisthebookthatyouwanttobuy?6）关系代词在从句中作表语时Sheisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatsheusedtobe.(7).有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用that.5.不宜用that的情况：1)关系代词前有介词时2)非限制性定语从句中3)先行词本身是that时Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.6.先行词是人时只宜用who不宜用that的情况：1）当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who，不用that.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.2）在therebe开头的句子中Thereisacomradewhowantstoseeyou.3)在非限制性定语从句中Onthesecondfloor,therelivedayoungman,whowasaartist.as引导的限制性定语从句Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompa