动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法Howtouse“todo”?CONTENTS2Which（动词不定式用法）3How（动词不定式运用）1What(动词不定式介绍)“”1、动词不定式介绍①动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语；②动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分；③动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是notto＋do。作主语作定语作宾语动词不定式作宾语补足语作状语作表语2、动词不定式用法2.1作主语①常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如：It'swrongtoplaytricksonotherpeople．It'sourdutytokeepourenvironmentcleanandtidy．②点击规律：Itis＋adj．（形容词）＋todosth．Itis＋n．（名词）＋todosth．这两种句型中，it仅作形式主语。2.2作定语①放在被修饰的名词、代词后面例句：Thedoctorsaidhecoulddonothingtohelptheboy．②点击规律：动词不定式在句中作定语，常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。③提示：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。如：Ihaveasmallbedroomtolivein．2.3作宾语①want，decide，agree，hope，choose，fail等动词后常接动词不定式作宾语。如：Shewantstobeadoctor．②find／feel＋it＋adj．＋todosth．该句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如：Themandownstairsfounditdifficulttogettosleep．Ifeeliteasytorecitethetext．2.4作宾语补足语①tell/ask/want/order…sb.+todosth.等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如：Edison'smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite．②let/make/have/see/hear/feel/watch/notice...sb.+dosth.后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如：Thebossmakesthemwork16hoursaday．③若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。如：Theyaremadetowork16hoursadaybytheboss．2.5作表语①放在连系动词be后面例句：Hiswishistobecomeascientist．Thefirstimportantthingistosavethesoldiers'lives．②点击规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。2.6作表语①目的状语：放在go，come，use，live，inorder等词后面。如：Icometoseeyou．Herunsfastinordertogetthereintime．②原因状语：放在sorry，glad，surprised，disappointed，excited等词后面。如：Iamgladtoseeyouhere．Iamsorrytotroubleyou．③作结果状语。如：Theroomislargeenoughtohold1000people．3、动词不定式运用①Thechairlooksveryold,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_________.A.sitB.sitonC.besatD.besaton②Johnwasmade_______thecarforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing③ThefirstthingIwanttodois__________.A.visittohimB.tovisithimC.visitinghimD.visitedhim④LiYangadvisedme_________toomuch,otherwiseIwouldhavebeendrunk.A.nottodrinkB.todrinkC.notdrinkingD.drinking3、动词不定式运用⑤Iputtheflowersontheporch_______fromtherain.A.protectingB.toprotectC.protectedD.tobeprotected⑥Lethim________itbyhimself.A.todoB.doingC.didD.do⑦Myparentswantme________goodmarks.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.got⑧Kathydecided______hardandmakeherself______behindtheothers.A.towork;notfallB.working;nottofallC.towork;fallD.working;tofallTHANKS