非谓语动词(详细讲解版)

GrammarandusageVerb-edformasanadjectiveoradverb1.attribute(定语)•Thelostchildwasfoundatlast.•Thechildlostintheparkwasfoundatlast.单独及物动词的过去分词一般置于被修饰名词__，而过去分词短语则要位于名词之__前后1）Asingleverb-edcanappearbeforeanounmodifyingthenounlikeanadjective.Itcanbechangedintoanattributiveclause.Weshoulddrinkboiledwater.Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled.Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.Theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce.•Scientificexperimentscarriedoutbythestudentswithoutateachercanbedangerous._______________________________________________Scientificexperimentswhicharecarriedoutbythestudentswithoutateachercanbedangerous.Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaveswhenautumnwindblows._________Thegroundiscoveredwithleaveswhicharefallenwhenautumnwindblows.×Findoutthedifferenceswhichhavefallentheretiredworker退休工人pastawidelyusedlanguagepassivethehighlypraisedscientistpassivefallenleaves落叶past及物动词的过去分词具有被动和完成意义.不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成意义.fallenleaves落叶fallingleaves正在飘落的树叶thesun升起的太阳thesun正在升起的太阳acountry发达国家acountry发展中国家risenrisingdevelopeddevelopingComparethephrases2)Averb-edphrasecanappearafteranountomodifythenounlikeanattributiveclausedoes.Thenamementionedintheletterwasunknowntome.Thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome.Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire.Themainroad___________willbecompletednextyear.Themainroad______________________willbecompletednextyearthat/whichisbeingbuiltThemainroad________________(build)nextweekisbeneficaltoourlife.tobebuiltcciThemainroad________________(build)lastyearisbeneficaltoourlife.built思考：不定式，现在分词，过去分词都可以做定语，那什么区别吗？beingbuilt_______yesterdayThemeeting___________now__________tomorrowisofgreatimportance.(hold)heldbeingheldtobeheld分析：不定式作定语表示动作将要去做；现在分词作定语表动作正在进行，且分词和主语呈主动关系；而过去分词做定语表示动作已完成，且和主语之间是被动关系。3)Averb-edcanalsobeusedasanon-restrictiveattribute(非限定性定语)whichisseparatedfromthenounitmodifiesbyacomma(逗号).Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.Thebooks,whichwerewrittenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.Themeeting,whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.2.Predictive表语Edisonbecameinterestedinsciencewhenhewasveryyoung.Thelittleboywasveryexcitedwhenheheardthathecouldgototheparty.__________________总结：过去分词通常跟在系动词：be,seem,appear,look,sound,feel,remain,stay,become…等之后，表示“感到....”，主语多数情况下是人。•Thewindowisbroken.•Theroomisdeserted.ItwasbrokenbyTim.•Shehasbeendesertedbyherhusband.被动结构(表示动作)be+表语结构(表示状态)3.Objectcomplement1.AsheknowsverylittleEnglish,hefindsitdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood.2.Ihadmyhousepaintedyesterday________________________总结：过去分词也可用在感官动词：see,hear,notice,feel,watch...及使役动词get,have,make,leave/keep,find之后做宾补。•IsawMary_______(dance)inthegymyesterday.•IsawMary________(dance)inthegymatthattime.•IsawMary_______(praise)byherteacherintheclassroom.•Hewatchedthebed______(carry)outofthedoor.dancedancingpraised1)feel/hear/notice/see/watch+sb/sth+do/doing/donecarried•Keepyourmouth_____(shut)andyoureyesopen.•Theyhadthemachine_______(run)allthenight.•Everyyear,thelandlordhadtheslaves________(pick)cottons.•Themanagertoldtheworkerstohavethewall__________(paint)beforetheweekend.runningpickpainted2)get/have/make/keep/leave+sb/sth+do/doing/doneshut3)want/wish/like/order+sb/sth+(tobe)done•She_____________________________(不希望天黑后女儿被带出门)afterdark.•Weallwishedtheproblem________(得到解决).didn’twantherdaughtertakenoutsettled4)with+sth.+doneAllafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.with+宾语+todoWith+宾语+doneWith+宾语+doing1.Withsomanydifficultproblems_____(solve),hecouldtravelwithhiswife.2.Withsomanydifficultproblems___________(solve),hecouldn’ttravelwithhiswife.3.Withsomanydifficultproblems_____(fill)hismind,hecouldn'tsolvetheseproblems.solvedtosolvefilling4.V-ed可用于动词stand,sit,lie后，通常表示两个动作同时发生．Thegirllayinbedlostinthought.Thegirllayinbedandwaslostinthought.Theboysatatthetableburiedinhishomework.Theboysatatthetableandwasburiedinhishomework.Thematchgirllay________(被冻僵了)atthestreetcorner.=ThematchgirllayatthestreetcornerandwasfrozenfrozenShelay________(trap)underthebuilding.trapped4)Averb-edcanbepartofacompound(复合词)withanadverboranounbeforeit.aso-calledprofessorhomemadepizzaawell-acceptedideaahighly-respectedprofessorawell-paidjob一个所谓的教授自制的比萨饼广泛接受的想法极受尊重的教授报酬颇丰的工作handmadefurniture手工制作的家具n.+v~edadv.+v~edPracticemakesperfect1.Mostoftheartists_____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(’90NMET)A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2.Thedisc,digitally______inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.（’04上海）A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded3.Iwasvery____tofindalltheticketshadbeensoldoutwhenIgotthere.A.disappointB.todisappointC.disappointingD.disappointed4.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain___astheplanewasmakingalanding.（’05上海春招）A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseatingThepastparticipleusedasadverbial1.Tiredafterthetrip,hesoonfellasleep.2.Givenmoretime,Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.3.Lostinthought,healmostranintoacar.4.The