时态(一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时)

英语时态Grammar194620172020ThePastED时代过去某个时间发生的动作或者存在的状态Will时代将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态ThePresentThefutureVerb时代真理；主语的状态、特征，经常或反复发生的动作VerbTensesThemoonmovesroundtheearth.Doyoulikesmoking?你我和大家，（You，Iandthey）动词不变化。（theVerbstays）TheSimplePresentTense单数三人称，（ifonlyone）带个小尾巴。（”S”totheend）•一、一般现在时(simplepresenttense)•1.形式一般现在时通常用动词原形来表示。be动词用am、is、are。主语是第三人称单数时动词的变化规律:一般动词后加-s；以s、x、ch、sh结尾，加-es；以辅音字母加o结尾，一般加-es；辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加-es。•2．用法•a.表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为，常与时间状语often，usually，always，everyday，sometimes，seldom，never等连用。•Ineverdomyhomeworkintheevening.•Sometimesweplayfootballontheplayground.•Heseldomlistenstomusic.b.表示现在的事实或状态。•Chinaisadevelopingcountry.•IlikeEnglishverymuch.c.表示格言，科学事实和客观真理。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。•Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事总是由难而易。•ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中国东部。•TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25isChristmasDay.•3.句式•肯定否定疑问回答•Helikeseggs.Hedoesn’tlikeeggs.Doeshelikeeggs?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.•Iwantanapple.Idon’twantanapple.Doyouwantanapple?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.•4.做题时常见错误如下：•一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中•例：Weareplantthetreesinspring.•二、单三人称形式易出错•例：1.Heplayfootballverywell.2.Dannygoes(go)toschoolat7:10.•三、在句式变换时易出错•例：1.DoesJennyhasagoodfriend?•2.Briandoesn’tlivesinChina.•四、对do的理解易出错•例：Wenotdoourhomeworkintheafternoon.•五、对主语的数判断有误•例：LiMingwithmeareinBeijing.•另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。1.Mary___________thepianowell.Sheisoftenaskedtoplayattheconcert.A.playB.playsC.playingD.played2.Mymotherwilltakemetothemovieifshe_________freethisweekend.A.isB.willbeC.wasD.wouldbe3.Thegirlswillhaveatripifit_________fine.A.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeen4.He’llsendusamessageassoonashe________inSichuan.A.isarrivingB.willarriveC.arrivedD.arrives5.——Whatdoyoudo?——I’manengineer.I_____inacompanyinWuhan.Ilikemyjobverymuch.A.workB.hadworkedC.willworkD.worked6.—Isyourfatheradoctor?—Yes,heis.He__________inTownHospital.A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.worksD.worked7.Everyyearmanyforeigners_________toChinatolearnChinese.A.havecomeB.comesC.cameD.comeTheSimplePastTenseGongminglivedinHanDynasty.时间一过去，结尾加ed；尾巴有个e，只要添个d；重闭单辅音，双写再ed；辅音y结尾，变为-ied。•一般过去时(simplepasttense)1．概念一般过去时表示过去某一时刻，某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。•2．构成一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。be的过去式有was，were两种；have的过去式是had；规则动词的过去式在动词词尾加-ed，具体构成规则如下：•1）一般情况，动词后加ed，例词work-worked，clean-cleaned，play-played，wash-washed•2）以不发音的e结尾，-d，例词live-lived，move-moved，hope-hoped，arrive-arrived•3）以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加-ed，例词study-studied，carry-carried，cry-cried，identify-identified•4）以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母加-ed，例词plan-plannedstop-stopped，beg-begged，grab-grabbed•3．用法•(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。如：Hewentshoppingwithhisfriendslastweek.•Theyarrivedtenminutesago.•Hebecameahotelmanagertenyearsago.Didyougototheconcertlastnight?•(2)表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。如：Hevisitedhisgrandparentsonceamonthlastyear.•Sheusuallywenttoworkbycarlastyear.•WhenIwasatschool,Ialwayswenttoschoolbybus.•4.如何识别一般过去时常见的标志词有：1）.yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday.2）.lastweek/year/month/term…(简称last系列)3）.twohoursago,threeyearsago,amomentago…(简称ago系列)4）.in/on+过去的年/月/日，如in1999,onApril,20055）.justnow,onceuponatime,oneday…•5.易错点例析：（1）——Yourphonenumberagain?I_________quitecatchit.•——It’s4331577A.didn’tB.couldn’tC.don’tD.can’t•(2)——Mr.Smithisn’tcomingtonight.•——Buthe_________.A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised(3)——Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!•——Oh,I’mterriblysorry._________.A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Idon’tnotice(4)——Ohit’syou!I_________you.——I’vehadmyhaircut.A.didn’trealizeB.haven’trealizedC.didn’trecognizeD.don’trecognized(5)——It’stwelveo’clock,IthinkImustbeoffnow.——Oh,really?I_________itatall.A.don’trealizeB.haven’trealizedC.didn’trealizeD.hadn’trealized1.Hewentintohisroom,_______thelightandbegantowork.A.hasturnedonB.willturnonC.turnsonD.turnedon2.——What’sthebestfoodhaveyouhadinBeijing,Alex?•——Roastduck!I_________toafamousrestauranttohaveitlastweek.•A.havegoneB.goC.willgoD.went3.——Doyouknowhowmanygoldmedalsthe23-year-oldMichaelPhelps_______atthe2008SummerOlympicGames?•——Eight.A.winB.winsC.wonD.haswon4.WewereinQingdaolastweekand__________greatfunthere.•A.willhaveB.havehadC.hadD.have5.——Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?——I_________basketballwithmyfriends.A.playB.playedC.willplayD.amplaying6.---Hi,Kate.Youlooktired.What’sthematter?---I______welllastnight.A.didn’tsleepB.don’tsleepC.haven’tsleptD.won’tsleep7.Yesterday，Tony’sfamily_________agoodtime.A.hasB.haveC.had8.I’msorryyou’vemissedthetrain.It_______10minutesago.A.leftB.hasleftC.hadleft9.——MrGreen,__________you________ThreeLanesandAlleys（三坊七巷）lastSunday?•——No,butI’llvisitthemnextweek.•A.will;gotoB.have;beento•C.did;gotoD.have;goneto10.——Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?•——He__________usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.A.tellsB.toldC.hastoldD.istold11.——Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive.•——Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_________.•A.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddone12.——Where’sthecakeImadethismorning?——We_______it,mum.Canyoumakeanotheroneforus?A.ateB.eatC.willitD.wereeating13.——Haveyoumendedyourshoes，Bob?——Yes，I_________themtwentyminutesagoA．havemendedB．mendC．hadmended