7基于AT89C51单片机的智能水表设计2

I摘要单片机自20世纪70年代问世以来，以其极高的性能价格比，受到人们的重视和关注，应用很广、发展很快。而51单片机是各单片机中最为典型和最有代表性的一种。随着我国城镇建设的快速发展，有关城市的水、电、气、暖表的管理和抄表出现的问题也日益突出，根据自来水网的改造、智能小区的建设以及实施“一户一表”工程的需要，本文设计了一种基于AT89C5单片机的智能网络水表，智能网络IC卡水表通过集中器和上位机管理系统连接，将水表的数据传输给远方的上位机，同时上位机管理系统通过集中器对智能网络水表进行监测和管理。本文采用AT89C51单片机作为主控芯片，开发一种基于IC卡技术的智能水表。该智能水表可实现总水量累计、月水量统计、水费计算与管理(报警金额、基础水量、计划水量),以及水阀控制等功能。同时具有预存水费、欠费提示、欠费停水等功能。关键词：智能水表AT89C51IC卡技术IIAbstractBecauseofitsextremelyhighperformance-priceratio,thesingle-chipcomputer(SCC)hasbeenpaidgreatattentiontoeversinceitcameoutin1970sof20thCentury,andhasgainedanextensiveapplicablefieldandfastdevelopment.AmongallkindsofSCCs,51SCCisthemosttypicalandrepresentativeone.Moreandmoreprobelemsarearisingonthemanagementandrecord-readingofwatermeter,electricitymeter,andnaturalgasmatersystemsasthecommunitydevelopmentisgrowingfast.Aimingtoslovetheseproblems,thethesisdesignedaremotecentralmeterreadingsystemandintelligentwatersystem,developmentofintelligentresidentcommunityandthehighdemandofonemeterperfamilyproject.Thisintelligentwatermaterwillcollectthedataandtransferittotheremoteupper-levelmanagingsystemviaconcentratorandupper-levelmanagementsystem,whiletheupper-levelmanagementsystemisresponsibleformonitoringandmanagingintelligentwatermeternetwork.Inthispaper,AT89C51SCMasamasterchip,thedevelopmentofICcardtechnologybasedontheintelligentmeter.Theintelligentmetercanrealizetheaccumulatedwater,water,statistics,computingandmanagementofwater(theamountofalarm,basicwater,thewaterplan),andvalvecontrolfunctions.Atthesametimewithstoredwateranddelinquenttips,delinquentwater,andotherfunctions.KEYWORDS:IntelligentwatermeterAT89C51ICcardtechnologyi摘要.....................................................................I第一章绪论..............................................................11.1研究背景.........................................................11.2选题意义和经济效益...............................................21.2.1远程集中抄表系统及智能网络水表的推广应用前景.................21.2.2社会效益.....................................................21.2.3设计的技术指标...............................................31.2.4采用的控制芯片..............................................31.2.5采用的抄表方式...............................................31.3智能水表市场......................................................51.4智能卡表的安全性内容..............................................61.4.1智能卡表及系统数据存储的安全性分析...........................71.4.2智能卡表及系统数据交换的安全性分析...........................91.5论文的主要内容..................................................11第二章整体设计与PROTELL简介...........................................122.1远程集中抄表系统的总体概述.......................................122.2远程集中抄表系统整体结构.........................................122.2.1上位机管理系统..............................................132.2.2集中器......................................................132.2.3智能网络水表................................................132.3设计方案论证.....................................................142.3.1传输抄表方式................................................142.4protel电气原理图设计软件........................................152.4.1protel电路板设计软件......................................162.4.2原理图的绘制..............................................162.4.3PCB图的绘制...............................................17第三章智能水表的硬件设计...............................................203.1系统硬件组主框图.................................................203.2AT89C51单片机性能介绍............................................203.2.1AT89C51单片机的特性........................................203.2.2AT89C51单片机的引脚说明....................................213.2.3AT89C51单片机的振荡器特性..................................223.2.4.芯片擦除：.................................................233.3系统其他硬件的选择和电路设计.....................................233.3.1A/D转换电路................................................233.3.2D/A转换电路................................................253.3.3数据采集传感器的选型........................................263.3.4LCD显示....................................................283.3.5控制阀门的选型..............................................303.3.6电源电路....................................................313.3.7IC卡接口电路...............................................323.3.8键盘设计....................................................333.3.9报警电路....................................................33ii3.3.10防拆电路...................................................343.3.11复位电路...................................................343.3.12时钟电路...................................................35第四章智能水表的软件设计...............................................374.1软件设计思想和组成...............................................374.2主程序设计.......................................................374.3中断服务程序设计.................................................384.4子程序设计.......................................................394.4.1LCD显示模块................................................394.4.2数据采集模块................................................404.4.3电机控制模块...............................................404.4.4低电压检测模块..............................................404.4.5IC卡处理模块...............