高中英语七选五解题步骤与技巧

“七选五”解题步骤与技巧1.题型归纳:完形填空填的是词，七选五填的是句子，但考察重点相似。该题型在新课标卷出现以来均采用说明文。2.选材特点：短文一般为300词左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右。短文篇章结构常归纳为：提出问题——解决问题，一般不在首句设空。3.主旨句（标题类，主题句类）设空类型过渡性句子（文章结构）细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）2015年的高考将继续以说明文为主。对细节题的考察为七选五的考查重点。•1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。（一名(名词)袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊（特殊疑问词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。）•2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。•3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。•4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。细节类题型解题技巧(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接)答题技巧：1.词汇的衔接包括：1)词汇复现复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。Thescientistssaythatthehumanlifehaschangedgreatly．Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishadledtonewkindsofsicknesses．72Sotheyarecalleddiseasesofcivilization．Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemareexamplesofsuchdiseases.A．StoneAgepeoplelivedasimplelife.B．Buttoday,weenjoyeatingalotofthese.C．Inthatcase,theywouldlivemuchhealthier.D．Ancientpeoplealsogotlotsofphysicalexercise.E．Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknowninancienttimes.F．Peopletodayprobablydon'twanttolivelikeourancestors.G．Modernpeopleusedtosufferfromdiseasesofcivilization.sicknessessicknessesE同词复现Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…A.Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.C.Consideradistanceeducation.D.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.However反义词复现2)同范畴词出现同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。Everybodygetsstressedtimetotime.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblemssuchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.C.DifferentpeoplefeelstressindifferentwaysE.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.可以相信的人=父母+亲戚+朋友（同范畴）F3)代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子;these或those指代前句的复数名词。73Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger,…B.Hesaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.A.Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.C.Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.TheyA72.Theirangermightbesostrongthattheylosecontroloftheirtemper.Theymayactinwaysunacceptableandhurtful.Peoplemaysaythatsomeonehastroublecontrollingtheirtemper.__73___E.Infact,theyusuallymeanthatakidbehavesbadlywhenfeelingangry.G.Somekidsgetangrymoreoftenormoreeasilythansomeotherkids.GE过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：+A,并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),；First,then/next；Inthefirstplace，inthesecondplace;foronething,foranotherthing,...；then/next,finally/last等。+B,递进关系：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what’smore,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。+C,解释例证关系：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等+D,因果关系：so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果）,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等+E,转折对比关系：but,however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless（然而）,still,yet,onthecontrary,incontrast/comparison等+F,概况归纳关系：inshort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup等2.逻辑关系的衔接B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.A.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.C.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.___.Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.C篇章结构类题解题技巧根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果问题在段首通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。2)如果问题在段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。（2010新课标全国卷）+73_____+Whenapersonisaskingaquestion,showinterestandadesiretounderstandthequestionbylisteningandaskingforclarification.+A.Showyourtrueinterest.+B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.+C.Someideascanbequiteconcrete.(2011辽宁卷）+Goforawalk.+Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalarebloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.____74_____+A.Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.+B.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.+C.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.AC+注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。+注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。+注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。+将近几年高考题进行分析，重点分析结构清晰分明的说明文和议论文。经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找信号词，回到选择项中筛选。(复现)经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。(同义)经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络,留意文章的起承转.(逻辑及结构)三、总结：主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences,36.Thatisarisk.B