英语虚拟语气课件

•如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子•我有一千万吗？•没有。•所以我仍然没有房子。•如果我有翅膀，我就能飞•我有翅膀吗？•没有。•所以我也没有办法飞•如果把整个太平洋的水倒出•也浇不息我对你爱情的火•整个太平洋的水倒得出吗？•不能•所以我并不爱你英语的动词一般有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。陈述语气（theIndicativeMood）用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。祈使语气（TheImperativeMood）用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。虚拟语气（theSubjunctiveMood）表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，是与客观事实相反的主观设想。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Igotupearlythismorning.Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.陈述语气虚拟语气祈使语气判断：以下句子使用何种语气if引导的非真实条件句条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句真实条件句使用陈述语气，表示假设的情况有可能发生非真实条件句使用虚拟语气，表示假设的情况不可能发生,或者可能性很小Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.Ifitrainstomorrow,we’llstayathome.非真实条件句真实条件句判断：以下句子是真实条件句还是非真实条件句虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用if从句动词主句动词与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反haddonedid/were1.didwould/should/could/mighthavedonewould/should/could/mightdo2.weretodo3.shoulddoIfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。Ifhecame/weretocome/shouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.1.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_______findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might２.-Ifhe_______,he________thatfood.-Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken３.Ifmylawyer_______herelastSunday,he______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented1)Ifyou_______(be)inmyplace,youwoulddothesamething.2)IfIhadlearnedEnglishwell,I_________________(be)abletotalkwithnativespeakers.3)Ifyou___________________________(visit)ourschooltomorrow,youwouldseehowbeautifulitis.4、用括号里的动词的正确形式填空werewouldhavebeenvisited/shouldvisit/weretovisit非真实条件句中的特殊句型在非真实条件句中，如果含有助动词were,had,should,可将if省略，并将were,had,should放在主语前，构成倒装句式。WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.2.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.3.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.EXERCISE在非真实条件句中，有时条件句的动作和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，这时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整，这叫混合虚拟条件句或错综时间条件句Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）混合虚拟语气/错综虚拟语气1）Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.2）Hewouldpassthetestifhehadtakenmyadvice.3)Ifwehaddriveninturnsyesterday,youwouldfeelbetternow.1.Ifhe_______thatoperationtwoyearsago,he______inbetterhealthnow.A.had,isB.hadhad,wouldbeC.had,wereD.hadhad,wouldhavebeen2.IfI_____you,I______toherbirthdaypartylastnight.A.am,willgoB.was,wouldgoC.were,wouldgoD.were,wouldhavegone有时假设的情况并不是以条件句的形式表示，而是通过一些介词短语或上下文等方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句，其作用与非真实条件句一样，并且可以转换为非真实条件句or,otherwise,with,without,butfor,under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中ButforthestormIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.(=Ifithadnotbeenforthestorm,Iwouldhavearrived…)WithoutthestormIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.(=IfIhadnotbeentoobusy，Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting.)Shecamehereyesterday,otherwise/orIwouldnothavemether.(=Ifshehadnotcome…,Iwouldnothavemether.)Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting,butIhavebeentoobusy.用括号里的动词的正确形式填空1.I_________________(come)toyourparty,butIdidn’thavetime.2.Withoutelectricity,humanlife__________(be)differenttoday.wouldhavecomewouldbe虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。例如:1)与现在事实相反:wish+(that)+did(were)IwishIwereashealthyasyou.IwishthatIhadaplane.2)与过去事实相反:wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.3)与将来事实相反:wish+would/could/might+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.Exercises:1.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_______.”A.hadB.didC.haveD.will2.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI___there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went3.Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach2.wouldratherthat现在：过去：将来：过去时过去完成时过去时1.Iwouldratheryou________(pay)menow.2.Iwouldratheryou__________(nottell)herthenews.3.Iwouldratheryou_______(come)tomorrow.paidhadn’ttoldcame3.表示要求、命令、建议的从句中,谓语通常用“（should）+V原形”常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire1）insist作“坚决（主张），坚决（要求）”解时，表示一个主张或一种看法，后接的宾语从句采用虚拟语气；作“坚持（说）”，表示一个事实，后接的从句采用陈述语气。Mikeinsistedthathe_______never__________(steal)anything.Mikeinsistedthathe________________(leave)forLondonnow.注意：hadstolenshouldleave2）suggest作“表明，暗示”用陈述语气；作“建议”时才用虚拟语气。Hispalefacesuggestedthathe_______(be)ill.Hesuggestedthatwe_________________(finish)itbeforedark.was(should)finish考题点击：1.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishIso.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad3.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked4.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinishD.befinishedBBBD主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：1.Itbe+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…过去分词：suggested,requ