阅读填空BlankedCloze

1ReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）篇章层次的词汇理解(BankedCloze)这是一种新题型，对于众多考生而言，既陌生又有一定的难度，具有较强的区分度。从样题看，BankedCloze考一篇长度为220个单词左右的文章，在文章当中去除了10个单词，后面有15个单词选项，要求考生选择正确的单词填入文章。该部分测试重点在于把握文章的结构，主要考察考生对诸如连贯性、一致性、逻辑联系等语篇、语段整体特征以及单词在实际语境中的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基础上弄清文章的宏观结构和具体细化到每个单词的微观理解。新题型和原本的词汇题相比，更注重实际运用，从单一的一句话考察上升到篇章的理解。解题步骤1.跳读全文，抓住中心首先考生应该跳读全文，根据首段原则以及首末句原则，迅速抓出文章的主题。判定文章主题对于篇章的整体把握具有很大的积极意义。2.阅读选项，词性分类接着我们要仔细阅读选项。因为选项给我们的仅仅是一个单词，而非句子或者语段，所以考试难度就大大下降了。我们应该根据词性把每个单词进行分类归纳。如名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词各有几个选项。3.瞻前顾后，灵活选择然后我们在选择时，可以根据空格中应填入的词性，大大缩小选择范围。根据上下文的内在逻辑结构选择合适的选项填空。4.复读全文，谨慎调整填空完成后，再次复读全文，自我感觉上下文是否通顺、内在逻辑关系是否连贯。如有问题，也需要谨慎的微作调整。1)判定词性时可以重点分析动词的时态，即哪几个是一般时，哪几个是过去时又或者是过去分词。因为根据样题，它对考生不做选项改写要求，所以我们可以根据上下文时态对应的原则，给自己进一步缩小选择范围。2)如果选项中出现指代词时，往往该选项不能放在首句，要注意指代成立的条件。3)如果选项中出现一组反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是对于文章框架结构的理解，要求考生理解整篇文章的语境色彩。4)如果选项中出现一组近义词时，往往也有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解，要求考生分析清楚其细微的区别。5)如果选项为连词时，要关注上下句内在的逻辑关系。常见的逻辑关系有：因果，并列平行，递进，强对比，前后意思一致等。6)要有总体观，不必按顺序作题。先把自己最有把握的词选出，然后删除该选项，为吃不准的选项缩小选择范围。Passage1Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs(1)_____questions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethis“conversation”goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome(2)____ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetween(3)____andmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestionofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.2Differentpeople(4)_____withthetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage,otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichis(5)____inthetext.Thelatterrepresents(6)____levelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewis(7)_____important,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationas(8)_____toa“content”conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe(9)_____weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywell(10)_____.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontentconversation.A)opposedB)converseC)equallyD)writtenE)developedF)strategiesG)comparedH)awakeI)higherJ)expectationsK)dealL)absolutelyM)awareN)betterO)furtherPassage2Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscan(1)_____performanceatworkandschool.Cognitive(认识派的)researchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceon(2)______andgiftsfromothers.Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,(3)_____amongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmall(4)_____rewardsspeakscreativityingradeschoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducements(刺激)indeed(5)_____inventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.“Ifkidsknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively(6)_____task,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasyto(7)______creativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsourhighgradesfor(8)_____achievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsand(9)____failinggrades.Inearlygrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,shows(10)___inraisingeffortsandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.A)mentalB)promiseC)killD)avoidE)hopeF)especiallyG)aidH)ordinaryI)approvalJ)monetaryK)generallyL)improveM)challengingN)restoreO)excellentPassage33Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolIhavetaughtinhasever(1)_____spellingorconsidereditunimportantasabasicskill.Thereare,however,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuch(2)_____itmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyand(3)_____inwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling?Ifspellingbecometheonlyfocalpointofhisteacher’sinterest,clearlya(4)______childwillbelikelyto“playsafe”.Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoid(5)______language.That’swhyteachersoften(6)______theearlyuseofdictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthebottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience：“Thisworkis(7)______!Therearefartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible(难以辨认的).”Itmayhavebeenasharp(8)____ofthepupil’stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,which(9)_____somebeautifulexpressionsofthechild’sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors,butifhispriorities