高考英语语法复习课件-虚拟语气特殊形式

语法虚拟语气及其它形式江西省南康中学何金华制件虚拟语气的其它形式虚拟语气是高中英语教材中重要的语法项目之一.它的主要形式有三种:(1)与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：从句：过去时主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaskourteacherforadvice.如果我是你的话，我就去请教老师了。(2)与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：从句：过去完成时主句：would/should/could/mighthave+过去分词IfIhadn’ttakenthewrongbus,Iwouldn’thavemissedthecontest.如果我没有乘错车，我就不会不参加竞赛了。(3)与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：从句：过去时/should+动词原形/wereto+动词原形主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形IfIhadenoughmoneynextmonth,Iwouldbuyacopyof“TheAdvancedLearnersDictionaryofCurrentEnglish”.如果我下个月有足够的钱，我就会买一本《现代高级英语学习词》。有些单词接宾语从句时，需要使用should+动词原形,有时should可以省略，表示一种虚拟，这些词有：1.suggest,advise,propose(建议);ask,demand,require,desire,request(要求)decide,determine,determined,makeupone’smind(决定);order,command(命令)。e.g.Theteachersuggestedthatwe(should)notwasteanymoretime.教师建议我们不要再浪费时间了.Theyadvisedthattheancienthouseshouldnotbepulleddown他们建议这古老的房子不要拆掉了.Iproposedthatweshouldstartearly.我建议我们早点出发.Thedoctorrequiredthatthepatientshouldbeoperatedonatonce.医生要求立刻对病人做手术.MyparentsrequestedthatIshouldlearnasecondforeignlanguage.我父亲要求我再学一门外语.Theyoungscientistdecidedthatheshouldgoonwithhisresearch.这位年轻的科学家决心继续自已的研究.Thepiratechiefcommandedthattheprisonersshouldbeshot.海盗头领命令枪毙那个囚犯.其中有些词在下一句型和用作名词时也要用这形式；Itis/was+过去分词+that从句e.g.Itissuggestedthatthejobbedoneinanotherday.据建议这项工作改天做.Itisdesiredthatthisruleshouldbeobeyedbyeveryone.这些词的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中Myrequestisthatyoushouldmakeanapologytoyourteacher.suggest表示“暗示，表明，说明”时,从句中及陈述语气.e.g.Herexpressionsuggestedthatshewasangry.2.带这一结构的还有下列词:insist(坚持要求);prefer(宁愿);e.g.Wepreferthatwe(should)havethediscussion.Heinsistedthatwedotheexperimentashesaid.表示“坚决认为”时,从句中用陈述语气.e.g.MrWestinsistedthathewasright.3.以asif/though,evenif/though;inorderthat,sothat引起的从句e.g.Iappearsasifmybrotherwerestupid,butactuallyheisfairlyclever.Eventhough/ifyouwereadoctor,youcouldnotsavehislifeHegotupearlyinorderthathecouldseetherisingsun.asif/though引导方式状语从句,常用于陈述语气;表示的不是事实,而是假设或主观愿望时,用虚拟语气.e.g.Itseemsasiftheboyhaslosthisway.Thebossspeaksaloudasthoughhewereangry.evenif/though引导让步状语从句,从句中可使用陈述语气,用一般现在时代替将来时.e.g.Eventhoughwehavemadeprogress,weshouldnotbeproud.4.Itis/was+important/necessary/strange/apity+that主语从句中e.g.Itisnecessarythatheshouldimprovehismethodofstudy.5.wouldratherthat….从句中过去时表示现在或将来要做的事,谈过去动作,要用过去完成时.e.g.Iwouldratherthatyoudidtheworktomorrow.Wewouldratherthatyouhadntdonethat.6.Itishightimethat….“早就该干某事的时候了”,从句中必须用过去时或should+动词原形,且should不可省略.e.g.Itistimethatwetookmeasurestoimproveourwork.Itishightimethatwedid(shoulddo)thegeneralcleaning.7.without,otherwise,butfor短语引出的句子.e.g.Butfortherain(=Ifithadntrained),weshouldhaveapleasantjourney.8.Wouldyoumindif…从句中的谓语动词用过去时.e.g.WouldyoumindifIsmokedhere.9.Ifonly“假如。。。就好了”也是一固定搭配,表示不可能或很难实现的愿望,相当于Iwish,也可表示所发生的事情表示遗憾.e.g.IfonlyIhadreadthebookearlier.10。混合条件句中e.g.IfIhadlearnedthesubjectswellenough,Iwouldhaveabetterjob.11.以if引导的条件句中,if省略时,需要用倒装语序.e.g.Hadheknownthematter,hewouldn’thavedoneitlikethat.