2013年中考英语语法复习课件：定语从句

NewwordsThinkaboutittextLet’sdoit概念:定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。Iwanttoknowtheboywhoisthetallest.句子做定语修饰boyⅠ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。与先行词之间不用逗号。e.g:Thisisthebookthat/whichIwant.Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。从句一般用逗号同主句分开。e.g:Mr.Green，whoiswatchingTV，ismyuncle.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when,why(限定性)定语从句的结构Maryisagirl.Shehaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwho/thathaslonghair.定语从句的实质：二句合一（合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）思路：留（保留先行词）-----舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）------替（用关系词代替舍去部分）1.Isawtheman.HeclosedthedoorIsawthemanwho/thatclosedthedoor2.Thegirlishappy.ShewontheraceThegirlwho/thatwontheraceishappy3.Themancalledthepolice.HiswalletwasstolenThemanwhosewalletwasstolencalledthepolice二句合一定语从句关系词的确定:a.先行词的分类b.先行词在从句中充当的成分人：who/that物：which/that2.先行词做宾语人：who/whom/that物：which/that3.先行词做定语人：whose物：whose/ofwhich4.先行词做状语：when,where,why1.先行词做主语who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who/that作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语做题思路：先分解——分析——再合并Whom/that作定语从句的宾语Thewoman（whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语关系词判断步骤首先，要辨别出先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用who,thatwhom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主语宾语定语人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.用适当代关系词填空只能用that,不能用which的情况：(1)先行词为all,everything，anything，nothing,something,nothing,few,little,much,theone等不定(2)先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被theonly,thevery,thelast,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等修饰时：(3)先行词为数词或被序数词（含last)修饰时。（4）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。(5)在以who,which开头的句子中为了避免重复。口诀：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错先行词前有修饰，千万不能用which.1.HereissomethingthatIwilltellyou.2.Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.3.Isittheonethatyouwant?4.ThisisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverheard.5.IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsee.6.Whichisthebikethatyoulost?7.Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?II.只能使用which的情况1.关系代词前有介词时；2.先行词本身是that时；3.非限定定语从句口诀:要有which别着急，介词提前逗隔离。e.g:1.Thisistheclassroominwhichwestudiedfortwoyear.2.Shehastwodolls，whicharefromherparents•单项选择：•1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.•A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this•2.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.•A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as•3.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?•A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom※4.Isthisfactoryalotofstudentsvisited?•A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whomAAB•5.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.•A.whichB.thatC./D.it•6.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.•A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all※7._____cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.•A.ThatB.WhoC.Theonewho•D.Thestudentswho注意：①当关系词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的形式应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。②若句中无先行词，先补出先行词再判断用法。（4,7题）BCC1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctor2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanismyuncle.whosavedtheboy’slifewhoisrunning注意：定语从句的时态不受主句影响。Isawawoman4.住在隔壁的那个小伙的是教师.Theyoungmanisateacher.wholivesnextdoor3.我看见一位钱包丢失了的妇女。whosebagwasstolen/whosebagwaslost.1.关系词的确定和运用2.That和which的特殊用法