高一英语必修3-Unit4-语法课件1

从句一律保持陈述语序。主语从句同位语从句表语从句宾语从句注意：1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.travels1.Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey_________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeen6.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)7.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)8.LingFengtoldmehe_________totheGreatWallseveraltimes.(be)wrotehastakenhadbeen2.宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）连词：that,whether，if（that常可省略）who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whenwherewhyhow1).Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.2).Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.3)HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.4).Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.5).Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.3.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/becauseThequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when注意：1.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。2.一般情况下，“that”不能省。3.Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….Grammar:SubjectclauseCanyoufindthefollowingsentenceinthereadingpassage?Inthissentence,anounclauseisusedasthesubject.Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.Pleasepickoutthreemoresentenceswithsubjectclausesfromthereadingpassage.1.…becauseitwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.2.Whatscientiststhinkisthattheearthwasdifferentbecauseof…3.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon…P64USINGSTRUCTUREDoyouknowwherewecomefrom?Howdidtheuniversebegin?ReadthepassageandtrytounderstandhowStephenHawkingsolvedtheproblems?1._____theuniverseislikehasattractedStephenHawkingallhislife.2._____isclearandsimpleabouttheuniversehasalwaysseemedtoodifficultforustoanswer.3._____theuniverseexiststhewayitdoesisamajorquestiontoallthosewhohavelookedatstarslikeHawking.4._____hasdevelopedovertwothousandyearsofobservationhastobegreatlyrevised.5._____intheuniverseweliveisnotthecentre,butoneofthemineplanetsorbitingthesun,whichisjustoneofmillionsofstarsinourownMilkyWaygalaxy.WhatWhatWhyWhatwhere6.______weunderstandtheuniverseisthetimewhenwehumanbeingswillhaveansweredallthequestions.7.______wecanhaveacompletepictureoftheuniversedependsonlearningtounderstandwhatwesee.8.______Hawkingwantstotellusinthistextisthatweshouldstudytheuniverse,andunderstandit.WhenHowWhat做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有从属连词that,whether，连接代词who,what,which，连接副词when,where,how,why等。1.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.a.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto注意：1.Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.2.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.3.Whathesaysanddoesdoesn’tconcernme.4.Whathesaysanddoesdon’tagree.“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。主语从句的“that”一般不能省。“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。4.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.ThatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave2.位置：主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。It的用法：（形式主语）It’possible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’said/reported…that..据说/据报道…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat..已经通知/宣布…Itseems/appears/happens..that…显然、明显、碰巧..It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying….（俗话说）注意:1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。11.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor____buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever12.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that(05)13.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept__helphecanget.(05)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever14.Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor’sstatement_____wouldsupportataxcut.A.andheB.wasthatheCwhichheDthathe15._____manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun.A.WhichB.HowC.WhatD.That16.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.HoweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever1.连接词有：thatwhether和lf2.连接代词有：whowhomwhosewhichwhat等3.连接副词有：whenwherewhyhow等另外whateverwhoeverwhichever等也可以引导主语和宾语两种从句。名词性从句可以表示：事实和问题。名词性从句中的“that”没有词义，也不作任何成分。1.Canyoumakesure___thegoldrings?A.whereshehadputB.wherehadsheputC.whereshehasputD.whereha