高三英语代词和 it 的用法7

一、人称代词:we,I,you,they,us,me,etc.二、物主代词:our,my,your,their,his,her,etc.三、反身代词:ourselves,myself,yourselves,yourself,herself,etc.四、相互代词:eachother,oneanother,etc.五、指示代词:this,that,these,those,such,etc.六、疑问代词:what,when,who,where,whose,etc.七、关系代词:what,when,who,where,whose,etc.八、不定代词:any,some,every,many,much,alittle,etc.使用代词时应注意的问题（一）指代必须准确无误如：Whilecarryingthepaintcanfromthegaragetothehouse,Marrywasafraidthatsomeofitmightspillonhernewskirt.（二）关于人称代词、反身代词、物主代词在使用这三类代词时，我们要注意它们在句中的人称、单复数、及性和格的一致性。（三）反身代词的作用【真题再现】(1)Mygrandmastilltreatsmelikeachild.Shecan’timagine______grownup.(2006重庆)A.myB.mineC.myselfD.me(2)Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed______to______andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice．(2006安徽)A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herself(3)Iintendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunately______couldn’tsparemeevenoneminute.(2004重庆)A.theyB.oneC.whoD.it(4)—Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Why_____?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.(2003全国)A.himB.heC.ID.me反身代词在句子中可作动词的宾语：动作的执行者与承受者往往是同一个人或同一件事物；反身代词在句子中可作介词by的宾语时，则表示强调。例：Theprisonerkilledhimselfbytakingpoison.Hefinishedtheworkbyhimself.。反身代词在句子中也可作同位语，用来加强名词或代词的语气,强调某人亲自、本人；这时它可能在名词、代词之后，也可能在句子末尾。例：Thestudentswillcleantheclassroomthemselves.Imyselfheardhimsayit.【真题再现】(12)—WhocalledmethismorningwhenIwasout?(2006福建21)—Amancalling______Robert.A.himB.himselfC.hisD.不填(15)Tomfeltthathekneweverybody’sbusinessbetterthantheyknewit______.(1996全国)A.themselvesB.oneselfC.itselfD.himself（四）物主代词形容词性物主代词只能作定语，例：Mybrotheroftendoeshishomeworkinhisroom.Thenewly-builthouseisourlaboratory.Anythinghasitscharacterindividually.名词性物主代词则可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语。它的意义=形容词性物主代词+名词；或者说它相当于名词。例：HisdictionaryisEnglish-Chinese,butmineisEnglish-English.Mydictionary【真题再现】(5)Someofthestampsbelongtome,whiletherestare_____.(2004上海春)A.himandherB.hisandhersC.hisandherD.himandhers(6)—IsyourcameralikeBill’sandAnn’s?—No,butit’salmostthesameas______.(1994全国)A.herB.yoursC.themD.their(五)不定代词关于合成不定代词：something某物,某事,somebody某人,someone某人;anything任何事物,anybody任何人,anyone任何人；everything一切事/物，everybody每个人，everyone每个人；nothing无事、无物，noone没有人，nobody无人它们还与别有词构成很多习语，如fornothing(徒劳，免费)，nothingbut(仅仅，只不过)，等等。(108)Playingtricksonothersis_____weshouldneverdo.(2004湖南)A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing109)ImadesomanychangesinmycompositionthatonlyIcouldreadit.To_____else,itwashardtomakeout.(2006上海29)A.noneB.everyoneC.someoneD.anyone(111)—Oneweek’stimehasbeenwasted.—Ican’tbelievewedidallthatworkfor_____.(2004重庆)A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anythingA)当它们用作主语时应看作单数。B)它们只能作名词，不能看作形容词而充当定语。C)如果它们带有修饰语，修饰语只能放在它们的后面。使用合成不定代词时应注意下面几点：It常用的固定搭配1.makeit（1）表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.（2）表示“约定好时间”例—Shallwemeetnextweek？—OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.2.asitis（1）相当于infact，inreality表示“事实上，实际情况是……”例Wehadplanedtofinishthetasktoday，butasitisweprobablywon'tfinishituntilnextweek.（2）相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”例Leavethetableasitis.3.asitwere相当于asonemightsay，thatistosay，表示“也就是说，可以说，换句话说”例Heis，asitwere，amodernSherlockHolmes.4.ifitweren'tfor…/ifithadn'tbeenfor…用来引导虚拟语气，相当于without，orbutfor，表示“如果不是……，要不是……”例Ifitweren'tforTom，Iwouldn'tbealivetoday.5.that'sit（1）相当于That'sall.That'ssomuch.表示“至此为止，没有别的了”例Youcanhaveonemoresweet，andthat'sit.（2）相当于That'sright.表示“对啦”例—Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice“A”—That'sit.18.Takeitfromme.在口语中，相当于believemewhatIsay.表示“请相信我的话，我敢担保”例Youcantakeitfrommethathewillmakeitthistime.22.Takeitorleaveit.v.要么接受要么放弃例Thatismylastoffer.Youcantakeitorleaveit.23.Italldepends/thatalldepends在口语中，相当于ithasn'tbeendecidedyet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”例—Areyougoingtothecountrysideforholiday？—It/Thatalldepends.24.It'suptosb.在口语中，相当于it'sdecidedbysb.表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”例—Shallwegooutfordinner？—It'suptoyou.