Lecture-21--ing-participle--语法教程-章振邦-上外

Lecture21–INGParticipleContentsFormationof–INGParticipleGrammaticalFunctionof–INGParticipleFormationof–INGParticiple基本形式：动词原形+-ING否定形式：do→doing→notdoingeg.Notbeingverytallisnotaseriousdisadvantageinlife.态和体的变化形式：ActivevoicePassivevoiceGeneralformdoingbeingdonePerfectiveaspecthavingdonehavingbeendoneeg.Thebuilding________(build)willbecompletednextmonth.Thebuilding________(build)inthecenterofthecityhasbeenanewlandmark.Thebuilding_________(build)nextyearwillbeanewdepartment.校长对讨论中的问题/要讨论的问题/讨论过了的问题表示出非常关切之情。Thepresidentshowedgreatconcernwiththeproblembeingdiscussed/tobediscussed/discussed.beingbuiltbuilttobebuiltGrammaticalFunctionsof–INGParticiple-ingparticiplecanbeusedas:1.Subject主语2.Object宾语3.Complement补语（主补与宾补）4.Modifier修饰语5.Adverbial状语-INGParticipleasSubjecteg.眼见为实。Seeingisbelieving.Yourcomingherewillbeagreathelp.杰克的离开对公司来说是一大损失。Jack’sleavingwasagreatlossforthecompany.-INGParticipleasObject1)动词+doing(P242)eg.Idon’tmindopeningthewindow.Idon’tmindyouropeningthewindow.Idon’tmindopeningthewindow.JohnJohn’shimhis2)动词+宾语+介词+doing(P242)into:eg.Hersuddenquestionsurprisedhimintobetrayinghimself.Hetrickedherintomarryinghimbypretendingthathewasrich.Bobtalkedusintowalking(walk)homewithhim.from:使…不eg.Whatkeptyoufromjoiningme?Wemustprevent/stopthetrouble(from)spreading.Iwaspreventedfromattending(attend)theconference.Asailorsavedhim____(drown).Threechildrenweresaved____(burn)todeathinafireyesterday.Otherprep.:eg.TheHeadhascongratulatedJohnoncomingouttop.Thepolicehaveaccusedhimofexceeding(exceed)thespeedlimit.Idothankyoumostwarmlyfordoing(doing)thejobforus.→RefertoExe.21ConP245afterclass.与infinitive的比较(P246)1.能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的动词(P241)2.能带不定式和-ing分词而意义无甚区别的动词(246)3.能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词(P247)admit,acknowledge,can’tresist,avoid,can’thelp,consider,don’tmind,enjoy,mind,resent,suggest,delay,ensure,appreciate,miss…e.g.Ican’tresistbargaining.Weappreciateyourinvitingustoyourparty.Pleasepardonmydisturbingyou.能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的动词能带不定式和-ing分词而意义无甚区别的动词(a)begin,can’tbear,cease,continue,dread,like,love,neglect,omit,prefer,propose,start★generalsituationorspecificsituation?(P246)eg.Ilike___(swim).Idon’tlike___(swim)today.Idread___(fall)ill.Idread___(think)ofit.(b)need,want,require,deserve★needdoing=needtobedoneeg.Thisletterneeds___(sign)bythemanager.Theboywantswatching.Theboywantstowatch.Hedeservesshootingfirst.Hedeservestoshootfirst.(c)begin,start★+todo：静态动词其本身已用于进行体eg.Ibegan____(study)Englishinmyprimaryschool.Shebegan___(believe)hisstory.It’sbeginning___(rain).Webegan___(see)whathemeant.Shegenerallybegins___(knit)afterlunch.能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词(a)remember,forget,regreteg.Ishallneverforget___(see)theGreatWall.IwassobusythatIforgot___(see)theGreatWall.Idon’tregret___(tell)herwhatIthought,evenifitupsether.Iregret___(tell)youthattheentryfortheexamisclosed.(b)stop,leaveoff,gooneg.TheystoppedwatchingTVat9:30.TheystoppedtowatchTVat9:30.(c)try，mean,can’thelpeg.Try___(put)insomemorevinegar----thatmightmakeittasteabitbetter.Ikeeptrying___(make)atastycheesecakebutIneversucceed.Revolutionmeans___(liberate)theproductiveforce.Theymeant____(liberate)theproductiveforce.(d)agree,decide+todo/ondoingeg.Theyagreedtoshare/onsharingthemoney.Intheendshedecidedtobuy/onbuyinganewcar.(e)encourage,permit,allow,recommend,advise,authorize+doing/sb.todoeg.Shedoesn’tallow___(talk)here.Shedoesn’tallowus___(talk)here.-INGParticipleascomplement1)作主补eg.Herjobwaskeepingthehallascleanaspossible.Thebestpolicyisbeinghonest.2)作宾补，一般用在感官动词与使役动词后面eg.Isawgrandpacrossingtheroadwiththehelpofagirlinthemorning.=WhenIsawthem,theyarecrossingtheroad.Theteachermadethepupilsrecitingthepoemagainandagain.=Theteacherrequiredthatthepupilsshouldkeeprecitingthepoem,thatis,reciteitagainandagain.表示正在进行表示重复，不断-INGParticipleasmodifiereg.Asleepingcarcanholdmorethansixtypassengers.Amangettingupassoonasthecockcrowsisahard-workingman.1.Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat______byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.(TEM-4,2003)A.isB.beenC.beD.being2.Time______,thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled.(TEM-4,2003)A.permitB.permittingC.permittedD.permits如果时间允许的话，庆典将如期举行。Timepermitting…=Iftimepermits…3.Thereareonlytenapplesleftinthebrackets,______thespoiltones.(TEM-4,2006)A.notcountingB.nottocountC.don’tcountD.havingnotcountedExplanation:-ingparticiple作伴随状语,其否定形式只在现在分词前加not即可。不算坏了的，篮子里只剩下十个苹果。4.______atinhisway,thesituationdoesn’tseemsodesperate.(TEM-4,2007)A.LookingB.LookedC.BeinglookedD.Tolook5.______shouldnotbecomeaseriousdisadvantageinlifeandwork.(TEM-4,2010)A.TobenottallB.NotbeingtallC.BeingnottallD.NottobetallV-ing通常表示一件已知的事或经验，todo(Infinitive)表示一件未完成的事或目的。Not要放在动名词前面。6.Ifnot______withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.(TEM-4,2004)A.beingtreatedB.treatedC.betreatedD.havingbeentreatedExplanation:Ifnottreatedwith…=IfJackisnottreatedwith…如果觉得没有受到他应得的尊敬，Jack的脾气就会变得很坏，并且一直抱怨下去。-INGParticipleasadverbial(P368)1)原因状语2)条件状语3)让步状语4)结果状语5)伴随状语6)时间状语→Nextweekfordetails.Assignment:1.FinishalltheleftexercisesforChapter21,Iwillcheckitnextweek.2.ReviewLecture22.