2017高考英语一轮-写作-第3讲-定语从句在写作-中的应用-牛津译林版

第3讲定语从句在写作中的应用——句里乾坤，一锤定音一、魔法导航在英语写作中使用复杂的句式结构是提高书面表达档次、增加语言亮点的主要途径之一,而定语从句就是复杂结构中的重要一项。因此,在写作中巧妙地运用定语从句可为我们的文章“增光添彩”。书面表达中定语从句的常用形式如下:1.who和whom引导定语从句时,指人。另外,在限制性定语从句中如果它们作宾语可省略。 典句引领Thisremindsmeofmymotherwhohasbeendoingwhatevershecantoletmehavethebest.这使我想起了我的妈妈,她一直竭尽全力让我拥有最好的东西。 雕词琢句(1)IamLiJin,(是学生会主席)inChenguangMiddleSchool.(2015天津) 答案whoischairmanoftheStudentUnion(2)我想采访的人是杨利伟。(2015安徽) 答案ThepersonwhoIwouldliketointerviewisYangLiwei.2.which引导定语从句时,指物,that引导定语从句时,既可指人又可指物。另外,which或that在限制性定语从句中作宾语可省略。 典句引领Icanlearnalltheimportantthingsthathavehappenedduringtheweek.我能够了解这周内发生的所有重要的事情。 雕词琢句(1)I'dliketoinviteyoutojoinusforavisittothenearbynursinghomenextSat-urdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival,(它是为老年人设立的节日)inourculture.(2015课标全国Ⅱ) 答案whichisthedayfortheelderly(2)最后我们和这位老工匠(craftsman)以及我们制作的面人拍了照片。(2015北京) 答案Finally,wetookpictureswiththeoldcraftsmanandthedoughfigurinesthatwemade.3.whose引导定语从句时,既可指人又可指物,可转换为the+n.+of+whom/which的形式。 典句引领Ipaidavisittoaschoolnearbywhoseenvironmentwasverybeautiful.我参观了附近的一所学校,它的环境非常优美。 雕词琢句(1)IwouldliketointerviewZhangHaidi(她的经历深深鼓舞了我). 答案whoseexperiencehasinspiredmedeeply(2)我认识这个小男孩,他的妈妈是位科学家。 答案Iknowthelittleboywhosemotherisascientist.4.as引导定语从句时,意为“正如”,有引起下文的作用。 典句引领Asweallknow,ourfriendswilllendusahelpinghandwhenweneedhelp.(2014重庆)众所周知,当我们需要帮助时,我们的朋友会伸出援手。 雕词琢句(正如古谚语所说),livingwithoutaclearandachievableaimislikesailingwithoutacompass. 答案Asanoldsayinggoes5.由which引导的非限制性定语从句,有总结、点评上文的作用。 典句引领Hewasalwaysworkinghard,whichmadehimpasstheuniversityentranceexam-inations.他一直学习很努力,这使他通过了高考。 雕词琢句(1)IhopeyoucanhelpthestudentsinourclasstolearnmoreaboutEnglishandwesternculture,(这能增进我们的理解).(2014天津) 答案whichcanincreaseourunderstanding(2)十年后,我将建立自己的公司,这能帮助很多人解决就业的问题。(2014课标全国Ⅱ) 答案Intenyears,Iwillbuildupmyownfirm,whichcanhelpmanypeoplesolvetheproblemoffindingajob.6.使用关系副词where,why和when引导的定语从句。 典句引领Thepictureshowsusatouchingmomentwhenalittlegirlcomestogreethermom.这张图片向我们展示了一个感人的时刻,一个小女孩过来迎接她的妈妈。 雕词琢句(1)AtnotimewillIforgetthehappytime(我们一起学习英语). 答案whenwelearnedEnglishtogether(2)我打算参加龙舟训练营(DragonBoatTrainingCamp),在那儿我可以参加多种活动。(2015北京) 答案IamgoingtojointheDragonBoatTrainingCampwhereIcantakepartinvariouskindsofactivities.二、学以致用1.完美文章结合括号中的提示,用定语从句完成下面的文章。Hi!Tom,Nicetoreadyoure-mailtoday.Inoticeyou'vebeguntouseChineseidiomsandusedmostofthemcorrectly.However,I'mafraidthereis(1)(我想指出来的一个错误).Itistheidiom“无所不为”,(2)(它的意思是做各种各样的坏事).Areyoudoingallkindsofbadthingsathome?Iguess(3)(你真正想说的意思)isthatyou'vegotnothingtodothesedays.Inthatcase,youshoulduse“无所事事”.Weusuallyuse“无所不为”toexpresstheideathatpeopledaretodoanythingbad,and“无所事事”todescribe(4)(人们没有有意义的事情可做的情形).HaveImademyselfclear?Anyway,I'mamazedat(5)(你已经取得的进步).Hopeyou'llfindajobsoon.LiHua 答案(1)onemistake(that/which)I'dliketopointout(2)whichmeans“doallkindsofbadthings”(3)theideathatyouwerereallytryingtosay(4)thesituationwhere/inwhichpeoplehavegotnothingmeaningfultodo(5)theprogress(that/which)you'vemade2.话题写作[本期话题]学校生活[写作要求]至少运用三种定语从句。根据下面的汉语提示,写一篇70词左右的英语短文。1.众所周知,课外活动对学生的健康成长非常重要。2.我们学校的课外活动丰富多彩,其中我最喜欢踢足球。3.它不仅锻炼了我的身体,而且还塑造了我的性格。4.在活动中,我还结交了很多兴趣相同的朋友。5.我认为,学生应该积极参加自己喜欢的课外活动。 答案Onepossibleversion:Asweallknow,out-of-classactivitiesareofgreatimportancetothehealthygrowthofthestudents.Therearevariousout-of-classactivitiesinourschool,ofwhichplayingfootballismyfavorite,whichhasnotonlybuiltupmybodybutal-soshapedmycharacter.Inaddition,Ihavemadesomefriendswhohavethesameinterestasme.Allinall,Ithinkstudentsshouldtakeanactivepartinout-of-classactivitiesthattheylike.三、美文赏读(2014重庆写作二)青少年研究专家SusanBeacham在自己的英文网站上开辟专栏,邀请大家分享心目中的“最好礼物”。她认为,礼物贵在心意,应为之付出时间和精力。假设你是李华,请用英文发帖,内容应包括:●赞同Susan的看法●你收到或送出的最好礼物是什么●该礼物的意义●期待大家回复注意:(1)词数不少于80;(2)符合语言规范;(3)开头已给出(不计入总词数)。[我来试写]IamahighschoolstudentfromChina. 答案Onepossibleversion:IamahighschoolstudentfromChina.RecentlyIhavereadanarticle①which/thatwaswrittenbySusanBeacham,②whothinkswhetheragiftissuitableliesnotinitsvaluebutinthegiver'sheart,andthatthegivershoulddevotetimeandenergytothegift.IagreewithSusan,③whosearticleremindsmeofmybestgift,apengivenbymyfather,④whowasaworker.WhenIwasinjuniormiddleschool,myfatherboughtmeanicepenwithhissmallsalary,wishingmetostudyhard.Fromthenon,thepenhasbeenmybestcompanion,⑤whichhasbeenencouragingmetostudyhard.Iamlookingforwardtoeveryone'sreply.本文①—⑤充分运用了which、that、who、whose引导的定语从句,从而符合了高考书面表达评分标准中“尽力使用较复杂结构”这一要求,给文章增添了亮色,给阅卷老师留下深刻的印象,提升了作文档次。【写作点评】