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*李小荣张瑞君/100081100872【】股权激励与风险承担的关系的解释有代理成本假说和风险规避假说。代理成本假说认为高管持股可以降低代理冲突,提高公司风险承担水平,当高管持股比例超过某一临界点时,壕沟效应出现,降低风险承担水平。风险规避假说则认为高管持股使高管的人力资本集中于某个公司,财富分散程度降低,加重了管理者的风险规避程度。本文的实证研究发现:股权激励与风险承担呈倒“U”形关系,这种倒“U”形关系只存在于产品市场竞争高组,这两个发现支持了代理成本假说;用管理费用率和总资产周转率作为代理成本的替代变量,发现代理成本越高,风险承担水平越低,进一步验证了代理成本假说。本文较为完整地梳理了股权激励影响风险承担的逻辑,丰富了企业风险承担和高管股权激励的文献,对中国企业的激励契约的设计、经济增长和潜在风险的认识具有重要启示。【】股权激励风险承担代理成本风险规避、Risktaking、。Johnetal.2008Fogeletal.2008。ExcessRisk-taking。①。Bebchuketal.2010Berndtetal.2010BoardofGovernorsoftheFederalReserveSystem2011。。。2008②。③。1017689067.75%68054969072.14%。1。。。75*①②③“863”2012AA040904、-。2008531%58%70%73%。。2009916《》“”。20051231《》。CSMAR2006-2010116。20002000200420062011。。。、2012。。11999-2010CSMAR1999-20101。“U”“U”2。。1。2。、、。、。Johnetal.2008。JensenandMeckling1976。。Chakrabortyetal.200710%5%-23%。Kempfetal.2009。。。。HirshleiferandThakor1992。。JensenandMeckling1976。“”EntrenchmenteffectDemsetz1983。“U”00。。。。H1a“U”。、85。。Kimetal.2011CFOCrashrisk。KimandLu2011U。。。。。、。2011。2012。2009。H1b“U”。。AmihudandLev1981。。。LefebvreandVieider2010。Guay1999CEO。LefebvreandVieider2010“”。PanousiandPapanikolaou2012。。。。。2008/、2012。IrvineandPontiff200940。。H2aH2b。、1999-2010④。STRoa。1%Winsorize。10176805。1.RisktakingJohnetal.2008Faccioetal.2011Roa/RoaFaccioetal.2011。1σRoait=1T-1∑Tt=1Roait-1T∑Tt=1Roait槡2|T≥5195④1999CSMAR1999。Roaitit。1999-20105。5Roa1999-20032000-20042001-20052002-20062003-20072004-20082005-20092006-2010。RoaMaxRoa-MinRoa⑤。2.-Herfindahl-HirschmanIn-dexHHI2HHIjt=∑NJi=1SalesijtSalesjt22ijt。。3.Faccioetal.2011、、。1。1Risk11σRoaRisk22MaxRoa-MinRoaMholdrate⑥/HHIHHIManagefeerate/Assetsturnover/Lev/Roa/SalesGrowth-/SizeLn1+age14.OLSσRoa=α0+α1X+α2Lev+α3Roa+α4SalesGrowth+α5Size+α6Ln1+age+ε3XMhold-rateMholdrateMholdratesqure。1999-2010。σRoaitt+4=β0+β1Xit+β2Levit+β3Roait+β4SalesGrowthit+β5Sizeit+β6Ln1+ageit+∑Industry+∑Year+δ42。σRoa0.7350.0900.829。0.0050.5%20110.5188%00.33833.8%。HHI0.0490.0100.0060.889。0.4710.475。。2σRoa0.7350.0900.0091.8520.829MaxRoa-MinRoa1.1930.1570.0163.1611.340Mholdrate0.0050.000⑦0.0000.3380.034Managefeerate0.1120.0790.0080.8100.128Assetsturnover0.6060.4900.0562.3750.440HHI0.0490.0100.0060.8890.108Lev0.4710.4750.0630.9580.185Roa0.0470.050-0.2130.2310.063SalesGrowth0.2320.150-0.6713.7700.533Size21.16921.06919.21924.8150.942Ln1+age2.1272.1970.6933.2190.451、31、3、570.953、1.228、0.4720.72710%。32、6、85%45%t-1.6310%。U。2、4、6、820.377%、19.336%、17.966%17.883%。20%20%“”。Johnetal.2008Faccioetal.⑤5Roa。⑥CEO2011。⑦0.00009710.00971%。062011。003。3OLS12345678Risk1Risk1Risk2Risk2Risk1Risk1Risk2Risk2Mholdrate0.953***4.018***1.228*6.257**0.472*6.051**0.727*9.857**3.893.301.951.991.712.531.692.52Mholdratesqure-9.859**-16.180-16.840**-27.560**-2.55-1.63-2.51-2.52Lev0.0030.0100.0610.072-0.017-0.016-0.032-0.0300.030.110.210.25-0.16-0.15-0.18-0.18Size-0.067***-0.064***-0.203***-0.198***-0.022-0.022-0.039-0.039-4.61-4.38-4.14-4.02-0.59-0.60-0.64-0.65Roa-0.020-0.060-0.201-0.267-0.256-0.260-0.494*-0.501*-0.07-0.21-0.21-0.27-1.56-1.59-1.86-1.88SalesGrowth0.0050.0030.0180.0150.0090.0090.01470.0150.560.400.660.580.840.830.800.79Ln1+age-0.068***-0.071***-0.267***-0.272***0.497***0.499***0.793***0.797***-3.13-3.26-3.65-3.714.884.904.834.85IndustryNONONONOYesYesYesYesYearNONONONOYesYesYesYesConstant2.009***1.938***6.334***6.218***-0.382-0.383-0.522-0.5246.776.526.356.21-0.50-0.50-0.42-0.42N10171017101710176805680568056805R2/R2-Overall0.0520.0600.0340.0360.4820.4820.4830.483*、**、***10%、5%1%。tcluster。、、OLS。。4“U”。04。4OLS12345678Risk1⑧Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Mholdrate-0.089-0.448**1.145***3.344***0.0620.6560.0972.695*-1.62-2.238.344.690.150.500.311.92Mholdratesqure1.124*-7.213***-1.704-7.601*1.83-3.25-0.48-1.90Lev0.0280.0270.0350.03880.0200.020-0.194***-0.193***0.500.480.510.560.930.91-6.47-6.44Size-0.021**-0.021**-0.011-0.008-0.012*-0.012*0.114***0.113***-2.54-2.55-1.08-0.80-1.86-1.8412.2612.2016⑧4Risk1。OLS12345678Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Risk1Roa-0.081-0.0780.534*0.498*-0.141***-0.141***-0.118**-0.119**-0.36-0.351.821.69-3.49-3.50-2.19-2.21SalesGrowth0.0160.0160.0050.002-0.004-0.004-0.017***-0.017***1.281.280.820.45-1.30-1.30-2.92-2.94Ln1+age0.0080.0070.0100.0060.0070.0080.0714***0.073***1.131.090.720.390.470.483.183.25IndustryNONONONOYesYesYesYesYearNONONONOYesYesYesYesConstant0.485***0.494***0.977***0.917***0.252*0.249*-2.299***-2.293***3.023.044.704.461.761.74-12.20-12.17N3353354994992243224338443844R2/R2-Overall0.0970.0980.1140.1310.0020.0020.9210.9223。、、。。ManagefeerateAssetsturnoverAngetal.2000SinghandDavidson2003345。10%。5OLS12345678Risk1Risk1Risk2Risk2Risk1Risk1Risk2Risk2Managefeerate-0.474***-1.414***-0.139**-0.199*-3.07-2.78-2.06-1.82Assetsturnover0.107**0.238*0.167***0.274***2.371.693.466.50N10171017101710176805680568056805R2/R2-Overall0.0430.0400.0400.0340.4790.4690.4800.470*、**、***10%、5%1%。tcluster。、、。12Faccioetal.20112SLS3EBITDAJohnetal.20084。。、、。1“U”2“U”3。LefebvreandVieider2010。26。.2011..9119~129.2011.、.1031015~1038.2006.-.435~41.2000.-.124~30.2004.、.1227~30.2012..896~108.2000..332~64.2012..6101~115.2009.、.1168~81AmihudY.andB.Lev.1981.RiskReductionas
本文标题:股权激励影响风险承担:代理成本还是风险规避?
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