现代分子生物学专业英语

现代分子生物学专业英语（绝密）分子生物学：molecularbiology遗传学：genetics染色体：chromosomeDNA:deoxyribonucleicacidRNA:ribonucleicAcid蛋白质：protein半保留复制：semiconservativereplication复制子:replicon复制起始点:origin复制终止点：terminus半不连续复制：semidiscontinuousreplication前导链：leadingstrand模板链:templatestrand反义链:antisensestrand后随链：laggingstrandDNA解链酶:DNAhelicaseSSB(单链结合蛋白)：single-strandbindingproteinDNA拓扑异构酶：DNAtopoisomerase引物：primer引发体：primosome启动子：promoter终止子：terminator强化子：enhancer内含子：intron外显子：exon引发酶：primaseDNA夹:DNAclampARS(自主复制序列)：autonomouslyreplicatingsequence错配修复:mismatchrepair碱基切除:base-excisionDNA切割酶：DNAexcinuclease重组修复:recombinantrepair光化物:photoproduct转座：transposition可移位因子：transposableelement复合型转座子：compositetransposon反向重复序列：invertedrepeat正向重复序列：forwardrepeat自主性转座子：autonomoustransposon激活:activate解离：dissociated转座酶：transposase解离酶：resolvaseSNP(单核苷酸多态性)：singlenucleotidepolymorphism转录：transcription转座：transposition翻译：translation信使RNA:messengerRNA模板识别：templaterecognition转录因子（TF）：transcriptionfactor聚合酶全酶：holoenzyme编码区：codingregion剪接过程：splicing编辑：editing起始密码子：initiationcodon终止密码子：terminationcodon同义密码子:synonymouscodon简并：degeneracy受体臂：acceptorarm错义突变：missensemutation核糖体蛋白质：ribosomalprotein磷酸化:phosphorylation糖基化:glycosylation甲基化:methylation乙酰化：acetylation分子伴侣：molecularchaperone热休克:heatshock信号肽：signalpeptide前导肽：leaderpeptideNPC(核孔复合体)：nuclearporecomplexNLS(核定位信号):nuclearlocalizationsignalNES（出核信号）:nuclearexportsignal泛素受体分子：ubiquitinreceptormolecules限制性核酸内切酶：restrictionendonuclease载体：vector琼脂糖:agarose多聚阴离子：polyanions转化：transformation感受态细胞：competentcell聚合酶链式反应(PCR):polymerasechainreaction基因片段：genomic定量：quantitative表观遗传学：epigenetics同源测序：siblingsequencingCDNA:complementaryDNARACE(CDNA末端快速扩增法)：rapidamplificationofCDNAend图位克隆法：map-basedcloning蛋白质组学：proteome基因组：genome电泳：electrophoresis等电聚焦：isoelectricfocusingCID(诱导碰撞解离)：collision-induceddissociation基因定点突变：site-directedmutagenesis转录组：transriptome高通量测序：high-throughputsequencing原位杂交（ISH）：insituhybridization荧光原位杂交(FISH):fluorescenceinsituhybridization基因敲除：geneknock-outPNS(正负筛选)：positive-negativeselection转录激活结构域：transcriptionactivationdomain双杂交系统：two-hybridsystem免疫共沉淀技术：co-immunoprecipitationRNA干涉：RNAinterference管家基因：housekeepinggenes噬菌体：bacteriophage蛋白质免疫印迹:westernblotting单克隆抗体：monoclonalantibody现代遗传学：reversegenetics负转录调控：negativetranscriptionregulation阻遏蛋白：repressor激活蛋白：activator乳糖操纵子：lactoseoperon代谢阻遏效应:cataboliterepression弱化作用：attenuation信号转导：signaltransduction传感蛋白：sensorprotein上游激活位点：upstreamactivatorsequence连接区：junction时间特异性：temporalspecificity核心启动子：corepromoter拉链：zipper基因沉默：genesilencing应答原件：responseelement核穿梭：nuclearshuttling