31电能计量装置现场检验_作业指导书

电能计量装置现场检验作业指导书国家电网公司生产运营部—1—目录一、总则·········································································1.适应范围······································································2.引用的标准和规程··························································3.名词和术语···································································二、安全工作的一般要求····················································1.基本要求······································································2.保证安全的组织措施·······················································三、电能表现场实负荷（在线）检验·····································1.安全工作要求································································2.检验项目······································································3.检验条件······································································4.检验方法······································································5.检验结果的处理·····························································四、计量用互感器现场测试前的准备工作·······························1.现场测试工作的注意事项·················································2.现场测试工作的技术要求（措施）·····································五、计量用电流互感器现场测试···········································1.安全工作要求································································2.测试项目······································································3.测试用设备和供电电源····················································—2—4.测试方法······································································5.测试结果的处理·····························································六、计量用电压互感器现场测试···········································1.安全工作要求································································2.测试项目································································3.测试用设备···································································4.使用标准电压互感器的检验方法········································5.使用电容式电压比例标准器的检验方法·······························6.电压互感器实际二次负荷的测量········································7.测量数据处理································································七、电压互感器二次回路压降测试········································1.安全工作要求································································2.测试用设备···································································3.测试方法······································································4.测试结果处理································································附录A电能计量装置现场检测原始记录格式··························附录B电能计量装置合成误差的计算···································附录C电压互感器的负荷误差换算······································—3—前言本作业指导书主要针对电网关口和大的电力用户的电能计量装置，包括电能表、计量用电流、电压互感器以及电压互感器二次回路压降的现场检验的方法、操作程序和安全要求予以科学合理的规范。作为各级计量检定机构进行这项工作的指导性文件执行。编写人员：梁德正、杨晓西（西北电力试验研究院）王乐仁（国电公司武汉高压研究所）吴涛（国电华中公司技术中心）舒开旗（湖北省电力试验研究所）候兴哲（重庆电力试验研究所）。审定人员：曾海鸥（国电公司生产运营部）王勤（国电公司武汉高压研究所）张泽平（国电公司武汉高压研究所）谭志强（华北电科院电测量所）陈文中（华东电力试验研究院）卢嘉辉（东北电力试验研究院）赵江宁（江西省电力试验研究院）王作维（湖北省电力试验研究院）杨一坚（北京供电局计量管理所）刘星（上海市电力公司电力表计厂）李海俊（重庆电力试验研究所）国家电网公司生产运营部2003．3—4—一、总则1适应范围本作业指导书适应于新装及运行中高供高计的电力用户和发、供电企业间用于电量交易的电能计量装置的现场检验。2引用的标准和规程a.JJG313-1994《测量用电流互感器检定规程》b.JJG314-1994《测量用电压互感器检定规程》C.JJGl69-1993《互感器校验仪检定规程》d.JJGl027-1991《测量误差及数据处理》e.DL409-1991《电业安全工作规程》f.DL/T448-2000《电能计量装置技术管理规程》g.SDlO9-83《电能计量装置检验规程》h.DL/T614-1997《多功能电能表》i.DL/T725-2000《电力用电流互感器订货技术条件》j.DL/T726-2000《电力用电压互感器订货技术条件》k.JB/T5473-1991《仪用电压互感器》3名词和术语3.1电能计量装置：直接与电网连接用于计量电能量的一套装置，包括了电能表、计量用电压、电流互感器以及连接它们的二次回路的全部或其中的一部分。3.2电能计量装置现场检验：—5—对电能计量装置在安装现场实际工作状态下实施的在线（电能表、电压互感器二次压降）或离线（电流、电压互感器）检测。3.3电压互感器二次实际负荷：电压互感器在实际运行中，二次所接的测量仪器以及二次电缆间及其与地线间电容组成时总导纳。3.4电流互感器二次实际负荷：电流互感器在实际运行申，二次所接测量仪器的阻抗、二次电缆和接点电阻的总有效阻抗。3.5电压互感器二次回路压降：由于电压互感器二次回路电缆的电阻、刀闸和接点电阻造成相对于电压互感器二次端子与接入电能表对应端子之间的电压差，它是一个交流向量。3.6合成误差：计量用电流、电压互感器的比差和角差以及计量用电压互感器二次回路压降的正交分量、同相分量在测量功率时的误差合成。3.7综合误差：电能表误差和计量用互感器以及计量用电压互感器二次回路压降合成误差的代数和。二、安全工作的一般要求1基本要求—6—1.1为了保证工作人员在现场试验中的人身安全和电力系统发、供、配电气设备的安全运行，必须严格执行DL409-1991《电业安全工作规程》。1.2电气设备分为高压和低压两种：高压：设备对地电压在250V以上者；低压：设备对地电压在250V及以下者；1.3工作人员与带电高压设备的安全距离表1高压设备带电时的安全距离电压等级（kV）安全距离（m）10及以下0.7020—351.00441.2060—1101.501542.002203.0033043005005.002保证安全的组织措施2.1在电气设备上工作，保证安全的组织措施2.1.1工作票制度；2.1.2工作许可制度；2.1.3工作监护制度；2.1.4工作间断、转移和终结制度。2.2在不停电的情况下，进行电能表现场检验、计量用电压互感器二次回路导线压降的测试及电压互感器实际二次负荷测定时，应填用第二种工作票。2.3在停电的情况下，进行计量用电压、电流互感器现场误差测—7—试工作时，应填用第一种上作票。2.4必须由有经验的运行维护单位的实际操作人员现场拆、接线，并进行安全监督。三、电能表现场实负荷（在线）检验1安全工作要求1.1办理第二种工作票。1.2至少有两人一起工作，其申一人进行监护。1.3应在工作区范围设立标示牌或护栏。1.4工作时应戴绝缘手套，并站在绝缘垫上，操作工具绝缘良好。1.5在接通和断开电流端子时，必须用仪表进行监视。1.6电压互感器二次严禁短路，电流互感器二次严禁开路。2检验项目运行申电能表应检验以下项目：2.1测量实际负荷下电能表的误差；2.2多费率电能表内部时钟校准；2.3电池检查2.4失压记录检2.5多功能电能表检测项目（如果主站端具有远方功能，则该项目不需要）：2.5.1检查各费率电量之和与总电量是否相等（多费率电能表的组合误差）；—8—2.5.2检查电能表内部日历时钟是否正确；2.5.3检查费率时段设置是否正确；2.5.4检查电能表访问权限设置及最近编程次数及最近一次编程时间；2.5.5检查多费率（多功能）电能表的负荷曲线（若电能表具有此项功能）；2.5.6检查最大需量寄存器设置是否正确；2.5.7检查多费率（多功能）电能表的结算（冻结时间）日是否正确。2.6检查电能表和与之连用的互感器的二次回路接线是否正确；2.7检查计量差错和不合理的计量方式。3检验条件3.1在现场检验时，工作条件应满足下列要求：3.1.1环境温度：（0~35）℃之间；3.1.2电压对额定值的偏差不应超过±10%；3.1.3频率对额定值的偏差不应超过±2%；3.1.4现场检验时。当负荷电流低于被检电能表标定电流的10%（对于5级的电能表为5%）或功率因数低于0.5时，不宜进行误差测定；3.1.5负荷相对稳定。3.2检验标准现场实负荷测定电能表误差时，采用标准表法。所用的标准电能表应满足下列要求：3.2.1必须具备运输和保管申的防尘、防潮和防震措施；—9—3.2.2标准表必须按固定相序使用，表上有明显的相别标志；3.2