高考重难点名词性从句精讲

名词性从句*名词性从句的特点是从句都有关联词引导,从句的语序和陈述句的语序相同。名词性从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句1.主语从句这是一本书。Thisisabook.陈述句这是书吗？Isthisabook?疑问句(1)连接词whetherthat(2)连接代词Who/whoeverWhom/whomeverwhoseWhat/whateverWhich/whichever(3)连接副词whenwhywherehowHisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{{1.主语从句：（subjectclause)在一个完整的句子里,主语部分还含有主谓两大部分结构的句子叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词不能省略。例:谁去这不重要。Whowillgoisnotimportant.主语例:我们需要的是更多的时间。Whatweneedismoretime.主语例:他住在哪里我们都不知道。Wherehelivesisunknowntous.主语例:不太清楚她为什么迟到。Whyshewaslateisunclear.主语例:这本书怎么销售取决于它的作者。Howthebookwillbesolddependsonitswriter.1Thathewillsucceediscertain.2Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3Whathesaidisnottrue.4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5Whoevercomesiswelcome.6Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.7Whenthey’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowthatheisateacher.{2.宾语从句：(objectclause)用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。一般放在及物动词，介词后。连接代词who,whom,what,which,whose,连接副词when,why,where,how,连词that,whether,if引导。例:我希望一切都好。Ihope(that)everythingwillbeallright.动宾例:你知道他在哪里吗？Doyouknowwhereheis?动宾例:老师清楚她为什么迟到了。Theteacherhasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.介宾例:对于他说的话，我感到很惊讶。Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid.介宾例:我认为他们知道怎样做这个练习。Ithoughtthattheyknewhowtodothisexercise.动宾*宾语从句从句中,连词that只起连接作用,没有实际作用,可以省略,而其他的关连词却不能省略。宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.Tellthefunctionofthefollowingclauses在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.when/where/why/how/becausethat/whether/ifWho/whom/whose/which/whatThequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。3.表语从句：在连系动词之后的句子叫做表语从句。例:问题是谁能去那里。Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.表语例:那是他为什么迟到的原因。Thatiswhyhewaslate.表语例:问题是我们什么时候得到答案。Thequestioniswhenwe’llgettheanswer.表语例:问题不是谁去，而是谁留下来。Theproblemisnotwhowillgobutwhowillstay.表语4.同位语从句：同位语从句起着进一步解释或说明它前面的名词的作用，通常由that或when/where/why/how/whether引导。同位语从句常与下列先行词一起出现：fact,truth,doubt,suggestion,idea,question,problem,hope,thought,fear等。Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.同位语从句例:我们明天放假的消息不是真的.Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.同位语从句1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)WordcamethatNapoleonwascomingtoinspectthem.3)SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview._______ManyBritishparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.______________________________________________________ThesuggestionthatChinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder____youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis_____hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth____theearth____aroundthesun.A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheoldmancouldn’tseeanything.ThefactthatPollydidn’taskfortheman’snameisapity.PredictiveClause(表语从句)ObjectClause(宾语从句)SubjectClause(主语从句)AppositiveClause同位语从句Findclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthem“It”isusedasemptysubject形式主语为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhenthey’llstarttheproject.4.Itworriesherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道…Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧..It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that…分析下列宾语从句中的连词1.Idon’tdoubt（that）youwillsucceed.2.Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcometonight.3.Idoubtif/whetheryouwillkeepyourpromise.3个句子中的连词that,whether,if（是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词注