英美文学选读 精心整理资料

时期作家作品特色Renaissance(15th--17thcentury)WilliamShakespeare1564-161638部戏剧154十四行诗2长诗本·琼斯他不属于一个时代，而是属于永远Comedy:ThemerchantofVenice;twelfthnight;RomeoandJuliet;henrylV，Partl（历史剧）Tragedy:Hamlet;Othello;kingLear;Macbeth;Miracle:ThetempestSonnets:Sonnet18人物ClaudiusOpheliaLaertesHoratioPoloniusTybaltMontagueCapuletDramaticmonologue;Sonnet;Humanism独白、人文主义JohnDonneSongsandsonnets;holysonnets;deathbenotproudMetaphysicalschool;deathEnlightenment/Neoclassical/AgeofReason(18thcentury)DanielDefoe1660-1731FatherofEnglishnovel(因鲁滨逊获得)ThelifeandstrangesurprisingadventuresofRobinsonCrusoe;19-48captainsingleton;、mollFlandersajourneyoftheplagueyear、roxnan英国第一份定期出版的社会和政治刊物：thereviewAdventure;pioneeringspirit开创Jonathanswift:satirist1667-1745Ataleofatub;thebattleofthebooks;amodestproposal;thedrapier’sletter;journaltostellaGulliver’stravelsSatire;Adventure;讽刺Romanticism(1798-1832)RobertburnsAuldlangsyneWilliamBlakeSongsofinnocence;(thelamb)songsofexperience(thetiger)ChildhoodmiseryWilliamWordsworth:Poetlaureate(桂冠诗人)和coleridge\robertlaureate一起称为湖畔派诗人美誉：自然诗人LinescomposedafewmilesabovetinternabbeyOde:intimationsofimmortalityLyricalBallads;IWanderedlonelyasacloud;TheSolitaryreaper;Lucypoems(组诗)Theprelude(自传体长诗)和coleridge合作出版lyricalballads(第二版的序被认为是英国浪漫主义的宣言)Nature;love格调清新、形象生动、语言质朴他认为诗歌是强烈情感的自然流溢，提出废止孤僻生涩的诗歌语句，改用通俗生动的民间歌谣和口语语汇的主张。JaneAusten1775-1817senseandsensibility;（原名elinorandmarriane）乡村体面人家婚姻，两姐妹对比，明事理的理想女性Prideandprejudice;Mansfieldpark;合理婚姻不取决于财产门第，而是夫妻真挚感情的思想Emma;女主人公认识自身抛开幻想Northangerabbey;persuasion;Love&marriage;Romanticism&realism深刻清新细致敏锐平常人事，社会关系GeorgeGordonByronHoursofidleness;childeHarold’spilgrimage;DonJuan;shewalksinbeautyByronicHero;RebelliousspiritPercyByssheShelleyThenecessityofatheism;queenMab;therevoltofIsiam;Prometheusunbound;odetothewestwindRevolutionaryspirit;optimismRealism(1832-1900)CharlotteBrontë1816-1855JaneEyre;theprofessor；shirley;villette和妹妹艾米丽、安妮的诗歌合集poomsbycurrer,ellis,andActonBellIndependentgoverness;loveEmilyBrontëWutheringHeightsLove&revenge;2narratorsCharlesdickens1812-1870Theposthumouspapersofpickwickclub;Olivertwist;Theoldcuriosityshop;domebeyandson;DavidCopperfield;bleakhouse;ataleoftwocities;greatexpectationSocialcriticism;humor;childrenRobertbrowningMyLastDuchess;PippapassesDramaticmonologue;Thomashardy1840-1928Underthegreenwoodtree;Apairofblueeyes;farfromthemaddingcrowd;描写英国农村的恬静景象和明朗的田园生活TheReturnoftheNative;确立重要作家的地位，标志转向悲剧题材mayoroftheCasterbridge;性格悲剧TessoftheD’UrbervillesJudetheobscure;最著名的两部thedynasts以拿破仑战争为题材的三卷本诗剧InfluencedbyGreekTragedy;coincidence;Modernism(1900-1945)D..HHHH.LawrenceSonsandLovers;LadyChatterley’sLover;TheRainbow;TheWhitePeacock;WomeninLove;ThePlumedSerpent;TheRocking-horseWinnerMenandwomenrelationship;parentsandchildren;socialcriticism;Oscarwilde1854-1900唯美主义作品Thepictureofdoriangray;Salome;风俗喜剧，将英国戏剧复兴推向高潮Ladywindermere’sfan;Awomanofnoimportance;Anidealhusband;TheimportanceofBeingearnest;监狱:theballadofreadinggaol19世纪唯美主义在英国的代言人，为艺术而艺术的倡导者，认为生活是丑陋的，只有没有永恒的价值GeorgeBernardShaw1856-1950:Realisticdramatist英国戏剧复兴的成就ArmsandtheMan;Mrs.Warren’sProfession;manandsuperman;johnbull’sotherisland;MajorBarbara;Pygmalion;saintjoan;Widower’sHouses;HeartbreakHouse;TheAppleCart;TooTruetobeGood;influencedbyIbsen;NobelPrizeWinner;Playsofsocialproblems思想性较强，摒弃情节，注重讨论。沉稳明朗，针砭时弊；语言深刻。JamesJoyceTheDubliners;APortraitoftheArtistasaYoungMan;Ulysses;FinnegansWakeThestreamofconsciousnesstechnique;revolutionizedtheformandstructureVirginiaWoolfJacob’sRoom;Mrs.Dallaway;TotheLighthouse;ARoomofone’sOwn;TheWaves;TheYears;BetweentheActsThestreamofconsciousnesstechnique;feministT.S.EliotTheLoveSongofJ.AlfredPrufrock(1915);TheWasteLand(1922);TheHollowMen(1925);Modernism;dramaticmonologue;sterilityandchaosofthecontemporaryworldPost-modernism(1945--)WilliamGolding战争改变他乐观的态度，他决定揭示人性中的邪恶来帮助人类面对自己内心深处的黑暗LordoftheFliesTheinheritors;Pinchermartin;Freefall;Thespire;Darknessvisible;Theritesofpassage;Fable寓言JohnFowles1926-2005受当时风行校园的法国存在主义影响；TheFrenchLieutenant’sWomanThecorrector;Themagus;Theebonytower;Danielmartin；Mantissa；Amaggo；t模仿传统的同时从形式和内容输入革新的成分；善于编织故事，对悬念浪漫冲突，爱情游戏运用自如，作品有实验性和可读性注意：英文书名：不可用中文的“《》”；手写时用下划线，TheReturnoftheNative;打字时用斜体时期作家作品特色BeforetheindependenceBenjaminFranklinAutobiography(1771);PoorRichard’sAlmanac(1733-1758)Determinationinself-education;famousmaximsRomanticperiodRalphWaldoEmerson(1803-1882)Nature(1836);TheAmericanScholar(1837);TheDivinitySchoolAddress(1838);Self-Reliance(1841);TheOver-Soul(1841)Transcendentalism;NathanielHawthorne(1804-1864)TwiceToldTales(1837);TheScarletLetter(1850);TheHouseofSevenGables(1851);TheBlithedaleRomance(1852);TheMarbleFaun91860)Innatedepravity;guilt;psychologicalinsightHenryWadsworthLongfellow(1807-1882)VoicesoftheNight(1839,includingHymntotheNightandAPsalmofLIfe);BalladsandOtherPoems(1841,includingTheVillageBlacksmith,TheWreckoftheHesperus,Excelsior);PoemsandSlavery(1842);Evangeline(1847);Hiawatha(1855)TheCourtshipofMilesStandish(1858)Conventionalstyleandsubjects;didacticism;thebest-knownAmericanpoetduringthe19thcenturyEdgarAllanPoe(1809-1849)西方侦探小说的开山鼻祖；小说家