高级综合商务英语2-Unit-3-Economy-Watch

UnitThreeEconomyWatchLead-inDiscussion1.Workingroupstomatchthenationalflagswiththecountries.Thenchooseacountrytoliveinwhilejustifyingyourgroupdecision.①India②U.S.③Ethiopia④Singapore⑤Brazil⑥SwitzerlandLead-inDiscussion2.Identifysomedevelopedcountriesanddevelopingcountriesfromtheworldmap.Lead-inDiscussion3.Areyoufamiliarwiththefollowingtermsofeconomicsystem?Nameacountry/regionforeachcategory.①PlannedEconomy/CommandEconomy②MarketEconomy③MixedEconomy4.Chinahasenjoyedstrongeconomicgrowthforoverthreedecades.Whataretheimplicationsofitsstronggrowth?There’safavorablerippleeffectthroughouttheeconomy.①Forconsumers:---IncomelevelPurchasingpowerVolumeofspendingDemandforproducts②Formanufacturers:---productionrevenue③Forsuppliers---salesofequipmentsneedforworkersinvestment④Fordistributors---businessopportunities⑤......Lead-inDiscussionStructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopics1China’seconomicgrowthinthepastthreedecadesisamiracle.2-16GreaterinteresthasbeenarousedintheChinamodelofeconomicgrowth.Thistextjusthelpstodemystifythemiracle.PartIQuestionsaboutPartIQ1:WhatwasChina’seconomicsituationlikebefore1979?①Chinapracticedplannedeconomy.②Chinawasapoor,inward-lookingcountrywithlowpercapitaincomeaswellastradedependenceratio.PartIQuestionsaboutPartIQ2:Whyistheyearof1979mentionedbytheauthorasadividinglineinChina’seconomicgrowth?①InDecember1978,the3rdPlenumofthe11thCentralCommitteeofCPCwasheldinChina,atwhichthereformandopening-uppolicywasputforward.②Sincethen,Chinahasembarkedonajourneyofstrongeconomicgrowthforover30years.PartIQuestionsaboutPartIQ3:WhatexampleshavebeengiventoelaboratetheChinamiracleofthepast30years?①HighannualGDPgrowthrate;②Highannualgrowthrateininternationaltrade;③Increasedincome(nowamiddle-incomecountry);④Highesttradedependenceratio;⑤The2ndlargesteconomyandthelargestexporterofmerchandisein2009;⑥Largestcarmarketnow;⑦Shanghai:thebusiestseaportbycargotonnage.Thespectaculargrowthoverthepastthreedecadesfarexceededtheexpectationsofanyoneattheoutsetofthetransition,includingDengXiaoping,thearchitectofChina’sreformandopening-upstrategy.(Line14,Para.1)China’smiraculouseconomicgrowthoverthepast30yearswasbeyondwhatmanypeoplehadexpectedatthebeginningofitseconomictransformation.AndDengXiaoping,whosettheblueprintforChina’sreformandopening-uppolicy,wasnoexception.PartISentenceInterpretationinward-looking(Para.1)a.beingenclosedorconfinedtotheinsideofsomething;beingcutofffromtheoutsideworldsynonyms:closed;isolatedexample:Thesolutiontoglobalcompetitionisfosteringimprovedcompetitivenessratherthantakinganinward-lookingstance.PartIWordsandExpressionsmiraculous(Para.1)a.surprisingorunexpected;beingorhavingthecharacterofamiraclesynonyms:incredible;marvelous;amazingexample:Withthenewmanagementteam,thecompanymadeamiraculousrecoveryfromthelabor-gatecrisis.PartIWordsandExpressionsattheoutsetof(Para.1)pp.atthestartof;atthebeginningofexample:Attheoutsetofhercareershewasfullofoptimismbutnotnow.PartIWordsandExpressionsDengXiaoping•DengXiaopingwastheleaderofChinafrom1978to1992.Heisconsidered“thearchitect”ofChina’sreformandopening-uppolicy.•HisgoalatthattimewastoquadruplethesizeofChina’seconomyin20years,whichwouldhavemeantanaverageannualgrowthof7.2percent.Mostpeopleinthe1980s,andevenaslateastheearly1990s,thoughtthatachievingthatgoalwasamissionimpossible.•HeisgenerallycreditedwithdevelopingChinaintooneofthefastest-growingeconomiesintheworldforover35yearsandraisingthelivingstandardofhundredsofmillionsofChinese.PartINotesQ1.ThreeaspectshavebeenfocusedtounveiltheChinamiracle.Whatarethey?(Para.2)①ThereasonforChina’sextraordinaryperformanceintransition.②Thereasonforfailingtoachievesimilarperformancebyothertransitioneconomies.③TheinsightofChinamiracleforotherdevelopingcountries.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartIIQ2.What,intheauthor’spointofviewhascontributedtoChina’sstronggrowthinthepastthreedecades?(Para.3-8)•China’sexploitationoftheadvantageofbackwardnesshasallowedthecountrytoemergeastheworld’sworkshopandtoachieveextraordinaryeconomicgrowthbyreducingthecostsofinnovation,industrialupgrading,andsocialandeconomictransformation.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartIIQ3.Whydidn’tothertransitioneconomiesperformequallywell?(Para.9-12)•Duringthetransitionfromlow-incomeagrarianeconomiestocapital-intensiveheavyindustries,manydevelopingcountriesintroduceddistortionsandgovernmentinterventions,leadingtostagnationandsocialandeconomiccrises.•However,unlikeChina,theyremovedalldistortionsimmediatelywhileimplementingliberalization,privatizationandmarketizationatthesametime,causingthecollapseofmanynonviablefirmsinprivatesectorsandacontractionofGDP,highunemploymentrateandacutesocialdisorders.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartIIQ4.WhatlessonscanbelearnedfromtheChinamiraclebyotherdevelopingeconomies?(Para.13-16)•Theycanadoptadual-trackapproachlikewhatChinahastaken,providingsometransitoryprotectionstononviablefirmstomaintainstabilitybutliberalizingentryintosectorsinwhichtheyhavecomparativeadvantagestotaptheadvantageofbackwardnessinitstechnologicalinnovationandstructuraltransformationtoachievedynamicgrowth.PartIIQu