高一语法--状语从句

一.时间状语从句常见连词：when，as，while，before，after，since，till(until)，assoonas，hardly---when，nosooner---thanonce一旦常见名词短语:themoment,theminute,each(every)time,nexttime,thelast/firsttime,副词:directly,instantly,immediately注意:1．when表示“当---时候”“突然，这时”Itwasaboutfouro’clockwhenlfinishedwritingthereport．Iwasabouttoleavewhensomeonewasknockingatmydoor．2．as强调“同一时间”“一先一后”，“随着”。As1washavingbreakfast，Iheardthedoorbellring．注意as表“随着”与with区别：Asthedaywenton，theweathergotevencold．Withthedaygoingon，theweathergotevencold．3．while强调在做---的过程中，有时可表示并列对比，意思为“然而”WhileIwaswaitingforabus，Ireadanovel．Whileladmitthatthereareproblems，Idon’tagreethattheycannotbesolved．4．until，till“直到---”Istayedupuntilitwas3am.Notuntilhismothercalleddidhegetup．(不倒装为Hedidn’tgetupuntilhismothercalled．)Itwasnotuntilhismothercalledthathegotup．(notuntil的强调结构为itis／wasnotuntil．．．that．．．此时不倒装)练习:Hedidn’tcomebackuntilitwasdarkNotuntilitwasdarkdidhecomebackItwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.5．before句型Itwon’tbelongbeforesb．doessth．不用多久某人就会Itwillbelongbeforesb．does要过很久某人才会ltwaslongbeforesb．didsth．过很久某人才做Itwillbe+一段时间+beforesb．does某人要过多长时间才做Itwas+一段时间+beforesb．didsth某人过了多长时间才做Itwillbethreeyearsbeforehegraduates．Hehadappliedthejobthreetimesbeforehewasfinallyaccepted．练习:(1)Itwasfouryears___shegraduatedfromthefamousuniversity．A．sinceB，thatC．whenD．before．(2)MarycametoFrancein1940anditwasn‘tlong___shebecameaFrenchcitizen．A．whileB．beforeC．sinceD．when(3)___twodayslater___didwehearabouthisillness．A．Itwasuntil；thatB．Notuntil；／CItwasnotuntil；thatD．Notuntil；whenDBB6.表示“一---就”的连词有：assoonas，instantly，immediately，directly，presently,themoment/minute/instantIwillgiveyouanswerimmediatelyI’vefinishedreadingyourreport.Themachinewillstartinstantly/themomentyoupressthebutton.7．since“自从”句型Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+sincesb．didsth．自从某人做某事已经多久了Itisthreeyearssincelmovedhere．我搬到这儿来已经3年了。8．sb．hadhardlydonesth．whensb．didsthsb．hadnosoonerdonesth．thansb．didsth．(刚---就---)注意部分倒装形式Hehadnosoonergottothelabthanhesetouttodotheexperiment该句倒装结构为：Nosoonerhadhegottothelabthanhesetouttodotheexperiment．OR:Hardlyhadhegottothelabwhenhesetouttodotheexperiment.多数情况下都是主倒从不倒9.当从句的主语与主句的主语一致,谓语动词又是be动词时,从句主语和be可以省略(常适用与时间,条件,让步从句)When(youare)introuble,askmeforhelp.When(Iam)sleeping,Icannervehearanything.练习:(1)____throughthefield，thewildflowersprovideaninterestingsubjecttostudy．A．WhilewalkingB．HavingwalkedC．AsonewalksD．Whenonehaswalked(2)Whilereadingthemagazine，___________，A，acolorfuladvertisementcaughtmyeyesB．MyattentionwasattractedbyanadvertisementC.IwasattractedbyacolorfuladvertisementD．Whatattractedmyeyeswasacolorfuladvertisement(3)___________,someoneswitchedontheradio．A．HavingdonemyhomeworkB.WhileIwasdoingmyhomeworkC.DuringdoingmyhomeworkD．DoingmyhomeworkCCB二.条件状语从句常见连词：unless(if---not)，onconditionthat(在---条件下)，providing／providedthat(以---为条件，假如)，supposing／supposethat(假如，如果，要是)，as(so)longas．．．(只要)，incase(万一),as(so)faras就---而言Aslongasyoupromisetokeepitwell,Iwilllendthebooktoyou．Supposing／SupposethatIdon’tagreetoyourplan，whatwillyoudo?Incasemyunclecomes／shouldcome，pleasetellhimtowaitamoment．Thedoctorwouldallowhimtogohomeonconditionthatheremainedinbed．AsfarasIknow,theyliveinthesameneighbourhood.注意:OnlyifyoupracticeEnglishmoreoften,areyouabletocommunicatewithforeigners.(只要=if主句要部分倒装)IfonlyfewpeoplehadbeenkilledintheIraqiwar.(但愿=wish要用虚拟)三、原因状语从句常见连词为：becausesince(既然，对方已知，无需说明的原因)，as，seeingthat(既然)，nowthat(既然)，consideringthat(考虑到)，inthat(因为)，notthat---butthat---,forthereasonthat,becauseof/owingto/dueto/onaccountofthefactthat---1．because／as／since／forbecause:语气最强,有必然的因果关系,从句常位于句末.可以回答why.有强调句型“itisbecause---that---;ItwasbecausehemissedthetraintoLondonyesterdaythatyoucouldn’thavemethimthere.since比as正式,表间接的,已知的原因,自然的结果,从句常位于句首.不能回答why且无强调句型seeingthat---=nowthat=sinceSince/astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.for并列连词,常位于句末,对前一句的推测,猜测(分句中常有mustbe,musthavedone)Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.because/since/as不能与so连用,但可以与副词hence,consequently,therefore连用2．consideringthat(考虑到)Consideringthathehasbeenhereonlyforhalfayear，hedoeswellinhisjob．3．Inthat因为Humanbeingsaresuperiortoanimalsinthattheycanuselanguagesastoolstocommunicate．四、地点状语从句常见连词：where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere注意where,wherever引导的地点状语从句和定语从句之间的转换Theyounggenerationsarewillingtogowherevertheyareneededaftergraduation．转换为Theyounggenerationsarewillingtogotoanyplacewheretheyareneededaftergraduation．该结构中的where为定语从句的关系副词又如IwillgowhereIamneededmost．(转换为totheplacewhere)五、让步状语从句常见连词：although，though，as，evenif(though)，whether---or(无论是---还是---)，whatever，whenever，wherever，whoever，however(无论多么)=nomatterhow/what/who/where等1.请思考:_____manytimes，buthestillcouldn’tknowhowtousethecomputer．A．HavingbeentoldB．ThoughhehadbeenC．HewastoldD.HavingtoldCalthough，though与yet,still连用，不能和but用2.请思考:___,IhaveneverseenanyonewhoisascapableasJohn．A．AslongasIhavetraveledB．AsIhavetraveledsomuchC．NowthatIhavetraveledsomuchD．MuchasIhavetraveled3.whatever，however用法区别，whatever修饰名词，however修饰形容词/副词，均无需倒装Howevermuchthewatchcosts,itwillbeworthi