形容词和副词讲解

形容词和副词讲解一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法1、表示两者的比较时用比较级，通常用连词than引导Iamtallerthanyou.Thiscakeismoredeliciousthanthatone.Whichdoyoulikebetter,teaorcoffee?2、表示三者或三者以上的比较用最高级，形容词最高级的前面要加定冠词the，副词最高级前可省略the，后面可带of,in,amang等短语来说明比较的范围。ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.Sheisthemostcarefulamongus.Whichdoyoulikebest,tea,coffee,orjuice?2、在表示“和......一样......”及“不及......”这类概念时，可以用“as+原级+as”,和“notas(so)+原级+as”的句型。而且so...as不用在肯定句中，只能用在否定句。Ourteacherisasbusyasabee.HedoesnotrunsofastasI.ShehasasmanybooksasIhave.二、-ing形容词和-ed形容词-ing特点:表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰事物-ed特点：表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人，常用于“sb+be+-ed.adj.+prep.”结构。列如：Weareallinterestedintheinterestingstory.1、SurprisingsurprisedThisisasurprisingstory.Iamsurprisedatthenews.2、InterestinginterestedIhaveaninterestingbook.Heisinterestedinscience.3、ExcitingexcitedHaveyouheardoftheexcitingnews?Weareexcitedaboutthetraveling.4、FrighteningfrightenedThisisafrighteningstory.Wearefrightenedoftheghost.5、MovingmovedTitanicisamovingfilm.WearemovedbyZhangHaidydeeply.6、TiringtiredItsalongtiringday.Imtootired.Whatafascinatingvoice!Manyboysarefascinatedbycomputergames.7、Relaxing让人放松的relaxed感到放松的Ifindsingingveryrelaxing.Howcanyoubesorelaxed?三、形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词放其后面，即定语后置。1、表示事的复合代词：somethinganythingeverythingnothing2、表示人的复合代词：somebodysomeoneanybodyanyonenobodynooneeverybodyeveryoneEg:Canyoutellsomethinginteresting?Isthereanythingimportantatthemeeting?3、enough修饰形容词或副词是，位置也后置Eg:It'scoldenoughtoday.Ithinkyou'recleverenoughtofollowme.四、关于四个“也”的用法too，also，either，aswell1.too和aswell多用于口语中，语气较轻，常用于肯定句和疑问句，在句末。Ihaveapartytonightaswell/too.Aretheycomingtoo/aswell?2.also较正式，一般用于肯定句，位置与频度副词（always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,hardly,never...）一样，放在实意动词之前，be动词，助动词，情态动词之后.Ialsohaveapartytonight.Sheisyoungandbeautiful,andalsorich.3.either常用于否定句，放在句末，用逗号隔开。Idon'tknow,either.Hehasn'tfinishedit,either.五、关于toomuch,muchtoo,toomanyToomuch和toomany意思一样，都是“太多”，toomuch修饰不可数名词，toomany修饰可数名词，只是用来加强语气。muchtoo,常修饰形容词或副词，用在被修饰词之前，可充当副词作状语。意为“极其”“非常”。Thiskindofcomputerismuchtooexpensive.Theproblemismuchtoodifficult.Youneedn'tspendtoomuchtimeonit.Therearetoomanypeopleinthisarea.Butnottoomuchfood.六、只能做“表语”的形容词1、表述健康的形容词：finewellillHewasill.ill不能做定语。表达“一位病人”：anillman错asickman正2.某些以a-开头的形容词afraid害怕的alone单独的asleep睡着的aawake醒着的alive活着的ashamed羞愧的anasleepchild错asleepingchild正analoneman错alonelyman正七、形容词的排列顺序多个形容词修饰一个名词时，顺序是不能错的用口诀记忆“先（限）美小圆旧黄，再中国木书房”限：即限定的词汇，像数词，冠词，指示代词，不定代词，物主代词等。美：指描绘性的词，如beautiful,wonderful,expensive,terrible,horrible,lovely,ugly.silly等小圆：指大小或形状，如：big，small，long,short,round,square等旧：指new,old等黄：指red,white,black,purple等中国：指来源，国籍，地区，出处类的形容词Chinese,Italian,Canadian,Spanish,Japanese木：代表“物质，材料，质地”类的形容词书：代表“用途，功能，作用”类的形容词房：代表“中心名词”1这个漂亮的西班牙小女孩thisprettylittleSpanishgirl2这个圆形的英国金币theroundBritishgoldcoin3她的好看的俄国红色长大衣hernicelongredRussiancoat4一个大的旧塑料杯子alargeoldplasticcup5一朵美丽的小红花abeautifullittleredflower6那个饥饿、疲劳、困倦的卖火柴的小女thathungry,tired,sleepylittlematchgirl7三件日本手工衬衫threeJapanesehandmadeshirts8两件又新又漂亮的绿色丝绸女士晚礼服twobeautifulnewgreensilkeveningdress