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重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4BodylanguagePeriodThreeGrammar&Writing高中英语·必修4·人教版X重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage【语法导图】重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage【要点精析】一、v.ing形式作状语时,称为现在分词(短语),可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作,相当于相对应的状语从句。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage1.作时间状语(有时可以在动词ing形式前加一个表时间的连词,如when,while等)相当于时间状语从句Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.=Whentheyheardthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.听到这个消息,他们立即动身去上海。HavingturnedofftheTVset,hebegantogooverhislessons.=AfterturningofftheTVset,hebegantogooverhislessons.关掉电视机以后,他便开始复习功课。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage2.作原因状语,相当于原因状语从句Beingtooyoung,hecouldn'tjointhearmy.(=Ashewastooyoung,hecouldn'tjointhearmy.)因为年幼,他不能参军。Notknowinghowtogetthere,Ihadtoasktheway.(=AsIdidnotknowhowtogetthere,Ihadtoasktheway.)因为不知道如何到那里,我只得问路。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage3.作条件状语,相当于条件状语从句Usingyourhead,you'llfindagoodway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,you'llfindagoodway.)动动脑,你就会想出一个好办法。Drivingtoofast,youwilldamagethecar.=Ifyoudrivetoofast,youwilldamagethecar.如果开车太快,你会把车子弄坏的。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage4.作方式状语或伴随状语Hewalkeddowntheriver,singingsoftlytohimself.=Hewalkeddowntheriverandsangsoftlytohimself.他沿着河流一边走,一边轻轻地唱。Theywentintothehall,laughingandtalking.(=Theywentintothehallandwerelaughingandtalking.)他们又说又笑地走进大厅。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage5.作结果状语现在分词作结果状语,通常位于句末,表示谓语动词的自然结果。不定式作结果状语,一般不用逗号分开。当使用逗号分开时,前面常用only,just,never等词,这时所作的结果状语常表示事与愿违的结果。Iranfasterthanever,reachingtheschoolyardquiteoutofbreath.我跑的比以往快,气喘吁吁地到了校园。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4BodylanguageThemandiedyoung,leavingnothingbutdebt.那人年纪轻轻就死了,除了债务什么也没留下。Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.小孩年龄大了可以去上学。Hisfatherwentabroad,nevertocomebackagain.他父亲出国了,再也没有回来。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage二、应注意的几个问题1.一般式(doing)和完成式(havingdone)的使用:如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生,用一般式;如果早于谓语动词的动作发生,用完成式。Seeingnobodyathome,hedecidedtoleavethemanote.由于看见家里没人,他决定给他们留一张便条。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentfishing.做完作业之后,他就去钓鱼了。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage2.主动式和被动式的使用:现在分词的主动或被动形式,取决于现在分词与句子主语含有的主、被动关系。Havingbeenshownaroundthefactory,theywereveryhappy.(现在分词完成被动式)Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.(现在分词完成主动式)重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage3.独立主格结构现在分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语要与句子主语一致。如果不一致,它就要带自己独立的主语,语法上称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构可表示时间、条件、原因等。Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.春天来了,树都绿了。Weatherpermitting,we'llhaveanoutingnextweek.天气允许的话,我们下周要去郊游。Johnbeingaway,Tomhadtodothework.约翰不在,只好由汤姆来做这项工作。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage4.独立成分有些现在分词短语在句中没有逻辑主语,与主语动作也无关系,而是作为句子的独立成分来修饰整个句子,表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如:generallyspeaking“一般说来”;judgingby/from...“从……判断”;takingeverythingintoconsideration“总的说来”。Generallyspeaking,adultsknowmorethanteenagers.一般说来,成年人比十几岁的孩子懂得多。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage5.现在分词的否定式:在doing或havingdone之前加not。Nothavingreceivedhisreply,Iranghimupagain.没有收到他的回音,我又给他打了一个电话。重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage[即时跟踪]Ⅰ.根据汉语完成句子1.______(关上窗户)anddoors,thestudentslefttheroom.(close)2.InSydneytheChineseteamgot28goldmedals______(排名第三)ofallthecompetingcountries.(rank)3.“Whataday!It'srainingagain,”,saidthefarmer,______(望着窗外).(look)重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage4.______(偷钱被抓)fromthebank,hewasarrestedandwouldbesentencedfouryearsinprison.(catch)5.Not______(完成了)theprogramme,theywillhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.(complete)6.______(他喝醉了),you'dbetterattendtohimwithgreatercare.(drink)7.______(告诉了)manytimes,hemanagedtoworkouttheproblembyhimself.(tell)重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage8.Ithasrainedheavilyforoveroneweek,______(引起了洪灾)inHainanProvince.(cause)9.Not______(知道他的电话号码),shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(know)10.“Youcan'tcatchme!”Janetshouted,______(逃走了).(run)重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage答案1.Havingclosedwindows2.ranking(the)third3.lookingoutofthewindow4.Havingbeencaughtstealing5.havingcompleted6.Hebeingdrunk7.Havingbeentold8.causingfloods9.knowinghistelephonenumber10.runningaway重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4BodylanguageⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.如果天气允许,派对将会在花园里举行。Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather______(permit).2.托尼借钱给我,希望我为他多做些事。Tonylentmethemoney,______(hope)thatI'ddoasmuchforhim.3.他起晚了,然后匆忙赶到办公室,早饭根本没动。Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,______(leave)thebreakfastuntouched.重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage4.我小时候,我妈妈常常坐在我床边,给我讲故事,知道我入睡。WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,______(tell)mestoriestillIfellasleep.(2013·重庆,30)5.那天我赶上了七点半到Paddington的火车,结果很早就到了办公室。Igottotheofficeearlierthatday,______(catch)the7:30trainfromPaddington(2013·新课标Ⅱ,5)重点语法精析重点语法精析解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage6.女孩不知道该上哪个大学,所以向老师征求建议。______(notknow)whichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.(2013·四川,8)答案1.permitting2.hoping3.leaving4.telling5.havingcaught6.Notknowing解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage重点语法精析解码书面表达表示因果关系的常用词应用透析:书面表达中常会用到表示因果关系的常用词,这些词对于解释理由,表明结果,非常关键,在行文中恰当使用这些词,能起到连贯,自然完整的效果。此类词包括连词,副词,介词短语。常见的词和短语有:dueto,leadto,causedby,becauseof,because,for,since,nowthat,thanksto,therefore,so...that,owingto等。解码书面表达Unit4Bodylanguage重点语法精析解码书面表达[语境感悟]1.Therearesomanybooksintheworldthatitisimpossibleformetoreadallofthem.2.Herrightfootwasinjuredsoterriblythatshehadtostayinhospitalforseveralweeks.3.M
本文标题:14-15版:PeriodThreeGrammarandWriting(创新设计)
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