中国文化习题及答案

中国文化练习题及答案Part1WisdomandBeliefsUnit1ConfucianThoughtonHeavenandHumanityHomework:(一）Questions:1)WhatisTheAnalectsmainlyabout?2)WhatisConfucius’viewonHeaven?3)WhatisConfucius’innovativeideaaboutHeaven?4)Whatdoesthe“heavenlymission”referto?5)HowisConfucius’conceptofHeavenrelatedtothemodernecologicalcivilization?6)WhatisConfucius’interpretationofren?7)AccordingtoConfucius,whatisthemostimportantpartofli?8)Whatqualitiesare“personsofvirtue”supposedtohave?9)WhydopeopleneedtostudymusicaccordingtoConfucius?（二）Translation1）天何言哉？四时行焉，百物生焉，天何言哉？2)生生之谓易。3）天地之大德曰生。4）获罪于天，无所禄也。5）仁者，人也，亲亲为大。6）父母在，不远游，游必有方。7）父母之年，不可不知也。一则以喜，一则以惧。8）己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。9）己所不欲，勿施于人。10）子生三年，然后免于父母之怀。11）礼之用，和为贵。12）知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。（三）CarefulReading1、Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.1)AllthefollowingarethetitlesofConfuciusEXCEPT_____.A.aneducatorB.abiologistC.ascholarD.aphilosopher2)Theexpression“filialpiety”mostprobablymeansbeing_____.A.loyaltothestateB.obedienttosister(s)C.responsibleD.dutifultoparents3)WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeConfucius’viewontherelationshipbetweenmanandnature/Heaven?A.Brothers.B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient.D.Motherandson.4)Throughburialandancestralworshiprituals,peoplecanlearnthat______.A.natureislifelesssoitwillneverdieB.individual’slifecanbeeverlastingbyjoiningnatureC.theyshouldbegratefultotheirparentsforgivingthemlivesD.individual’slifespanisshort,sotheyshouldenjoylifeasmuchaspossible5)WhichofthefollowingisthemostimportantpartofConfucius’curriculum?A.Music.B.CalligraphyC.VirtueD.Mathematics6)Zilu,RanYouandGongxiChi’saspirationsrepresent______,whileZengDian’sreflects_____.A.personalambition;selfishnessB.loftyideals;meaninglesspursuitC.personalstruggle;generouscontributionD.individualcontributiontosociety;harmony(四）Communication1)Godbless2)ThankGod3)PleaseGod4)ForGod’ssake5)Godforbid6)Manproposes,Goddisposes.7)Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Answers（一）Questions1.1)TheAnalectsismainlyaboutConfucius’wordsandlifestory.2)ConfuciusregardedHeavenasnature.3)Confucius’innovativeideaaboutHeavenisthatHeaven(ornature)istheprocessoflifecreation.4)TheheavenlymissionistoaccomplishHeaven’spurposeofprotectingandimprovinglife.5)Confuciusadvocated“standinginaweoftheordinancesofHeaven”andwarnedagainstoffendingHeaven.Thisis,inessence,equivalenttothemodernideaofstayinginharmonywithnature.SointhiswayConfucius’conceptofHeavenissimilartothemodernecologicalcivilization.6)Confuciusinterpretedrenasloveofpeople,whichbeginswiththeloveforone’sparents.7)AccordingtoConfucius,themostimportantpartofliistheburialandancestralworshiprituals.8)Personsofvirtuearesupposedtohavesoundcharacterandupliftedmindsandtheycanshoulderimportantsocialresponsibilitiesandmakecontributionstosociety.9)AccordingtoConfucius,studyingmusiccanliftone’sspiritandhelponeappreciatebeauty.（二）Translation1）Heavendoesnotspeakinwords.Itspeaksthroughtherotationofthefourseasonsandthegrowthofalllivingthings.2)Continuouscreationoflifeischange.3)ThegreatvirtueofHeavenandEarthiscreatinglife.4)HewhooffendsagainstHeavenhasnonetowhomhecanpray.5)Thegreatestloveforpeopleistheloveforone’sparents.6)Childrenshouldnottravelfarwhiletheirparentsarealive.Iftheyhavenochoicebuttodoso,theymustretainsomerestraint.7)Childrenshouldthinkoftenoftheageoftheirparents.Theyshouldfeelhappyforthehealthandlongevityoftheirparents.Theyshouldalsofeelconcernfortheagingoftheirparents.8)Whilefulfillingone’sowndesires,allowotherstofulfilltheirs.9)Donotdotowardothersanythingyouwouldnotwanttobedonetoyou.10)Achildshouldnotleavehisparents’bosomuntilheisthreeyearsold.11)Theroleofliistomaintainharmonyamongpeople.12)Simplyknowingthehigheststandardofvirtueisnotasgoodassettingitasone’sgoal.Settingitasone’sgoalisnotasgoodasenjoyingpracticingofit.（三）CarefulReadingBDDBCD(四）Communication1)上帝保佑[用于向某人表示关爱]2）谢天谢地，感谢上帝3）但愿[用于表示非常强烈的愿望]4）看在上帝的份上，行行好把[表示某事很重要]5）但愿（某事）不会发生6)谋势在人，成事在天。7）自助者天助也Unit2Laozi’sPhilosophyofNon-actionAssignment---fillintheblanks•1)Laozi’sthoughthasagreatinfluenceonthecharacteristics;trendsofthought;andaestheticsensibilitiesoftheChinesepeople.•2)Theexamplesofbirds,fish,cloudsandflowersareusedtoillustratethateverythingintheworldhasitsownwayofbeinganddevelopment.•3)Thedifferencebetweengreatingenuityandordinaryingenuityliesinthefactthatthelattercanbeachievedthroughhumaneffort,buttheformerissuperiortothelatter.•4)Inordertobecomestrong,oneshouldstartwithone’sownweakpoints;insteadofoppressingtheweak.•5)InLaozi’sopinion,fragilityisthesymboloflife.•6)Thehighestlevelofone’scultivationistoreturntothestateofanewbornbaby,whoisfreeofanyknowledge,desire;impurityorfalsehood.•7)Peoplefightanddeceiveoneanotheroutofdesire.•8)Accordingtothelawsofnature,peopleshouldnotrobthepoorandoppresstheweak.Assignment----translation•1.顺应自然。•Followthewayofnature.•2.无为而无不为。•Actthroughnon-action.•3.大巧若拙。•Greatingenuityappearstobestupidity.•4.以柔弱胜刚强。•Overcomethestrongbybeingweak.•5.不战而屈人之兵。•Winawarwithoutfightingwater.•6.兼爱。•Loveforall.•7.上善若水。•Thegreatestvirtueislikewater.•8.人往高处走，水往低处流。•Humanstendtoseekhigherposi