中考专题复习实义动词

中考专题复习动词—实义动词李勇太和五中学习目标1.常见及物动词用法2.不及物动词用法3.兼作及物动词和不及物动词的意义区别Ihither.Hecuthisfinger.Thesunrises.及物vt.不及物vi.及物vt.1.实义动词概念实义动词是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语可把动词分成及物动词（vt.)和不及物动词（vi.)例如：IliveinBeijingwithmymother.Ithasaroundface.Mywatchstopped.是指后面需要使用宾语使其意义完整的动词．如：那条狗使这个孩子高兴起来.Thatdogmakestheboyhappy．Onmybirthdayshegavemeamobilephoneasagift.Theyaskedustogofishingwiththem.一、及物动词(vt)常见的及物动词buy,catch,dress,find,found,forget,give,invent,like,make,marry,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,serve,take,tell....后面只能接动词不定式(todo---)作宾语的及物动词1.常跟不定式作宾语的动词有:hope(希望)，want(想、要)，fail(失败)，love(喜欢)，pretend（假装），manage(管理)，agree（同意）begin(开始)，need(需)，learn(学会)，agree(同意),decide,determine(决定)，happen（发生）start(开始)，refuse(拒绝)等。I’mlearningtoskateonrealice.我正在真正的冰上学滑冰。后面只能接动名词做宾语(v-ing)的动词只能接动名词做宾语的动词：避免错过少延期avoid,miss,putoff建议完成多练习suggest,finish,practice喜欢想象经不住enjoy,imagine,can'thelp承认否定与妒忌admit,deny,envy逃避冒险莫原谅escape,risk,excuse,忍受保持不介意stand,keep,mind1.Lilyfinished______thebookyesterday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads2.—Whatareyoubusy______thesedays?—Nothingmuch.A.doB.doingC.todoD.done3.—Doyouwanttoeatsomething?—____,thanks.Iamfeelingsicknow.Idon’tfeellike______.A.Yes;eatingsomethingB.No;toeatanythingC.Yes;toeatanythingD.No;eatinganything4.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeep______untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.tryingBBDD后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：1.begin,start(开始)，like,love,perfer(喜爱),hate(憎恨)，continue(继续)可以接动词不定式或-ing形式作宾语。+todo+doing表示具体的动作表示习惯行为Ilikeswimming.我喜欢游泳。Iliketogoswimming.我现在想去游泳。后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：2.stop(停止)，forget(忘记)，remember(记得)，try(试)，goon(继续)等动词接不定式和-ing形式意义有区别。试比较：stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止(正在)做某事goontodosth.接着做另一件事(已做完一件)goondoingsth.继续做(原来未做完的)某件事）forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(还未做)forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(已经做)remembertodosth.记住去做某事(还未做)rememberdoingsth.记住曾做过某事其他：trytodosth.尽力做某事trydoingsth.试着做某事meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着某事can’thelptodosth不能帮忙做某事can’thelpdoing忍不住做某事1.Ifyoudon’tfeelwell,youmayjust______A.stoppedreadingB.stopreadingC.stoppedtoreadD.stoptoreadB3.need,want,require（要求，需要）,deserve(应得，值得),beworth(值得），后面接doing主动表被动。Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。Theoldbuildingrequiresrepairing.这座古建筑需要修了。Theseyoungtreeswillrequire/needlookingafter.(5)后面接双宾语的及物动词有：动词tell(叫，让)，ask(请求)，want(希望)，order(命令)，get(使)，wish(希望)，warn(警告)，teach(教)，invite(邀请)等动词后常跟不定式作宾语的补足语，构成tell/ask.sb.todosth.“叫/请……某人做某事”句型。Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?请你让他给我打个电话，好吗？1.Mymotheroftenasksme___early.A.getupB.gotupC.gettingupD.togetu2.YesterdayafternoonMrsGreentoldtheboys_____footballintheclassroom.A.didn’tplayB.tonotplayC.notplayD.nottoplayDD(3)后面接不带to的不定式1.使役动词let(让)，make(使)，have(使)等;跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语2.感官动词see(看见)，hear(听见)，feel(感到)，watch(观看)，notice(注意到)，lookat(看)，listento(听)等跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语WhatmakesyouthinkI’mafarmer?你凭什么说我是农民？Awomansawithappenwhenshewaswalkingpast.感官动词（see）+sbdodoingsth+sbdoingsth表示看见某人正在做某事（动作正在发生）表示看见某人做了某事（整个动作过程）1.“Don’talwaysmakeMichael______thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”Mr.Bushsaidtohiswife.A.doB.todoC.doesD.did2.“Mr.Zhu,you’dbetter______toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverweight.”saidthedoctor.A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat3.Tracycan’tplaythematchnow.Please______instead.A.haveLilydoitB.haveLilytodoitC.makeLilytodoitD.letLilytodoit4.Ihearsomeone____atthedoor.Pleasegoandseewho_____is.A.knock;itB.knocking;itC.knocking;heD.knock;heACABMywatchstopped.IthappenedinJune，1932.Shespokeatthemeetingyesterdayevening.Iusedtoliveinthecountryside.Theforeignersarrived（atourschoolthismorning）.Youmustwait(foryourturn).不及物动词只能用于“主＋谓”结构,但是可加任意状语。或者理解成：后面需要宾语时，必须加上相应的介词，如to,of,at，on,for等。二、不及物动词：后面不能直接跟宾语常见的不及物动词agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed....兼作及物动词和不及物动词ShallIbeginatonce?Shebeganworkingasalibrarianaftersheleftschool.WhendidtheyleaveBeijing?Theyleftlastweek.She’sstudyingmedicine.Shestudieshard.She’stypingaletter.She’styping.Don’tmovemythings.Thetrainismovingnow.意义相同Shecouldn’tstandthecold.Don’tstandintherain.Washyourhandsbeforemeals.Doesthisclothwashwell.意义不同1.Lilyfinished______thebookyesterday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads2.—Whatareyoubusy______thesedays?—Nothingmuch.A.doB.doingC.todoD.done3.—Doyouwanttoeatsomething?—____,thanks.Iamfeelingsicknow.Idon’tfeellike_____.A.Yes;eatingsomethingB.No;toeatanythingC.Yes;toeatanythingD.No;eatinganything4.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeep______untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.tryingBBDD1.“Don’talwaysmakeMichael______thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”Mr.Bushsaidtohiswife.A.doB.todoC.doesD.did2.“Mr.Zhu,you’dbetter______toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverweight.”saidthedoctor.A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat3.Tracycan’tplaythematchnow.Please______instead.A.haveLilydoitB.haveLilytodoitC.makeLilytodoitD.letLilytodoit4.Ihearsomeone____atthedoor.Pleasegoandseewho_____is.A.knock;itB.knocking;itC.knocking;heD.knock;heACAB总练习1.Theteachertoldherstudents______inpublic.A.nottoshoutB.didn’tshoutC.notshoutD.tonotshout2.Ihavefinished____thisbook.Youcantakeitaway.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.reads3