2011高考英语必看之-定语从句

定语从句TheAttributiveClause定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”1.从句的位置:2.构成：先行词之后关系词关系代词关系副词HowmanykindsofAttributiveclausesarethere?定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethemachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/whichJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirlCorrectmistakes1.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.3.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.4.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.———whom———whose\it\——who关系词的用法关系代词1.All______canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?thatthat先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that关系代词1.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。关系代词I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.that先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that。关系代词1.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing______sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.关系代词1.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?2.Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?thatthatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用that1.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100Yuan.2.MrSmith,______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.3.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,______Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.关系代词whichwhoWho/Whom在非限制性定语句中，指物用which，指人用whowhomAs引导的非限制性定语从句Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.as定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的AsIt主语从句ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。As引导的限制性定语从句As引导的限制性定语从句Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatasthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。定语从句结果状语从句1.Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.关系代词whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom注意：如何判断介词Thisisthebook_____whichyouasked1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配for注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.with3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配Thisisourclassroom,_______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.inthefrontof关系副词AfterlivinginParisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.whenB先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句,在从句做状语关系副词Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear,______forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.whenD先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，在从句作状语。关系副词Thisisthereason_______Ididn’tcomehere.A.whatB.whyC.whichD.whenB先行词是表示原因的词，用why引导定语从句，在从句作状语。whose引导的定语从句表示所属关系Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose注意1区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句：Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.状语从句定语从句注意2：指时间或地点作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Ispentwithyou.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.Thisisthemuseum____________Ivisitedlastyear.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhich\that注意3：why引导的定语从句Thisisthereason＿＿(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which/thatwhy注意4：定语从句中的动词的数Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’sp