高二英语Unit7知识点 Reading[原创]人教版

LanguagepointsPara2breakdown使…瓦解；毁坏；分解人体中的化学成分把食物分解成有用的物质。Chemicalinthebodybreakourfooddownintousefulsubstances.有人把门弄坏了。Somebodybrokethedoordown.出毛病；不运转gowrongandstopworking机器坏了。Themachinebrokedown.中断stop;pause这时候谈话中断了。Theconversationbrokedownatthispoint.breakaway(from)breakinbreakintobreakoffbreakoutbreakthroughbreakup逃脱，脱离强行闯入破门而入中断，停止（火灾，战争等）突然发生，爆发突破，穿越分割，破坏，结束leaveapersondefenseless让…处于某种状态leave+doing/done/a./介词短语Thedoorwasleftopen.Leftthelightson.PleaseexcusemeifIhaveleftthequestion_________.(没有回答）Don’tleaveme_____(wait)outside.unansweredwaitingleavethechurchemptyleavesbspeechlessdefend,guard,protectdefenddefendourmotherlandagainst..guardguardourschoolprotectprotectthechildrenfromharm“保卫”“防御”,具体/抽象的观察、戒备(可能的攻击或伤害)保护...以免遭受伤害等defencen.defendagainst/fromv.保卫;抵抗treatmentU.Hegotwellagainunderthedoctor’streatment.PeoplewithAIDSneedfriendlytreatment.1)治疗2)对待，处理treatv.对待，治疗，款待treat..as…treatsb.(tolunch)inxiaohua’scaseacivilcaseincase,incaseofTaketheraincoatwithyouincaseitrains.Incaseofraintheycan'tgo.inany/nocase=anyway/neverinthiscase假如这样的话n.suitcase=if,以防,可能=如果；万一民事诉讼n.合同vi.缔结（合同）承包Hehascontractedforthebuildingofthehouseof20,000dollars.他以二万元承揽建造这幢房子。Hecontractedtosupplymewithcoalregularly.他订约按期供给我煤。vi.收缩tobecomeormakeshorterorsmallerThemetalcontractswithcold.金属受冷就收缩。contractvt.结交contractafriendshipforaperson·我结识了许多朋友。Icontractedmanyfriendships.contractwith与…订合同contractfor订了…合同contractin…订约参加contractoutof…退出合同、计划等Xiaohua’smotherdidnotknowthatshehadAIDSuntilXiaohuawasborn.NotuntilXiaohuawasborndidXiaohua’smotherknowthatshehadAISDS.ItwasnotuntilXiaohuawasbornthatXiaohua’smotherknowthatshehadAISDS.wishSb.+wish(that)+Sb.+过去分词（表现在）Sb.+had+过去分词（表过去）Sb.+could/should/might+do（表将来）Iwishhewouldtryagain.(表将来)HewishesIhadmissedhim.（表过去）IwishIcouldremembermoreabout….Iwishthatshewereherewithmeandthatweweren’tsick.虚拟语气在宾语从句中:1）wish(that)“与事实相反”或不可实现的愿望“但愿…，要是…就好了”.要是Juliet在这里陪我们就好了IwishthatJulietwereherewithus.要是我知道答案就好了。IwishIknewtheanswertothequestion.我要是没有浪费时间就好了。IwishIhadn’twastedsomuchtime.明天要是不下雨就好了。Iwishitwouldstoprainingtomorrow.alackof缺乏，短缺alackofcarealackofmoney缺少雨水，地面非常干燥。Therehasbeenalackofrainandthegroundisverydry.野兔因缺乏空气而死。Theharediedforlackofair.由于缺乏技术，他不能做这项工作。Hecannotdotheworkforlackofskill.炎热的夏天，植物缺水。Inthehotsummertheplantslackedwater.我们缺少时间和金钱。Welackedbothtimeandmoney.Wewerelackingintimeandmoney.lack=beshortof=belackinginavailable可利用的，可达到的，有效的这张票有效期三天。Theticketisavailableforthreedays.他们曾试用所有有用的方法来开这门。Theyhavetriedallavailablemeanstoopenthedoor.有效功率availablepowerPara6……actasifIwereabadordangerousperson.暴风雨好象快要来啦。Itlooksasifastormwouldcomesoon.他说话的时候好象很累。Hetalksasifheweretired.dieof内因（情感，饿冻，生病…）dieofhunger,cold,old,sorrow,disappointedlove(失恋）,age,illness,thirst…diefrom外因diefromawound，anaccident，overwork，drinking，someunknowncause…AIDSisadiseasethat__________thebody’s_______system.,______theviruswhichcausesAIDS,canbe__________via________________,infectedbloodtransfusionsor______.TherearemillionsofpeoplewhodieofAIDSeveryyear.Thereisnocurediscoveredforthediseaseand_______haveto_________thefactthattheymightdieyoung.Unfortunately,adeadlydiseasesuchasAIDAalsofrightensothers.Alltoooften,peopletreatAIDSpatients______theywerebadordangerous.Becauseof________knowledgeabouthowitgetstransmitted,thereareagreatmanypeoplewho__________HIVinchinaandthenumberis_________.breaksdownimmuneHIVtransmittedunprotectedsexatbirthAIDSpatientsdealwithasifalackofhavecontractedincreasingFillintheblanksaccordingtothefirstletters.1.V_______causeillnessessuchasthecommoncold,fluandmeasles.2.afterayear,shewasc______ofcancer,andshestillworkshappilynow.3.Oneoftheboysintheclasshadafeverandhesooni__________otherchildren.4.Thevirusist_________viaphysicalcontact.5.Simonisnota_________atthemoment.ShouldIaskhimtocallyouback?Virusesinfectedcuredtransmittedavailable6.Wehavebeenaskedtol_______ourpresentationto5minutesmaximum.7.Hedosen’toftengetflu,butwhenhedoeshereallys______.8.Normally,peopleandanimalsthatared_______areweakandunabletoprotectthemselvesfromattack.limitsuffersdefenceless虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜想，空想等虚拟语气在条件句中有三种情况与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来可能发生的事实相反与现在事实相反主语谓语动词形式If从句谓语动词形式动词过去式（be的过去式用were）Would/should/could/might+动词原形Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouhurried,youwouldcatchthebus.与过去事实相反主语谓语动词形式If从句谓语动词形式had+过去分词Would/should/could/might+have+过去分词Ifyouhadhadmoretime,Iwouldhaveshownyoumoreplaces.IfIhadnottakenyouradvice,Iwouldhavemadeabadmistake.与将来事实相反主语谓语动词形式If从句谓语动词形式1。Should+动词原形Would/should/could/might+动词原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldn’tgoout.2.过去式（be用were）IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseemysister.3.Were+不定式IfIweretodoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.exercise1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English__mucheasier.A.willbeB.WouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.Ifmylawyer__herelastSaturday,he___mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented3.----Ifhe__,he___thatfood.----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalatonce.A.waswarned,wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothav