广东省连州市高三英语分类复习 阅读理解事实细节课件

这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的理解。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。提问方式这类题主要是针对who,what,which,why,how,when,where等来提问的。如：(1)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/NOTtrue/false,accordingtothepassage?(2)Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)correct?(3)Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned/notmentioned?(4)AllthefollowingstatementsarenottrueEXCEPT______.(5)AllthestatementsaretrueEXCEPT_____.(6)Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?1.一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思。但正确选项应当与主旨相关联。2.干扰选项的特点：部分正确，部分错误；是原文信息，但是不是题目要求的内容；符合常识，但不是文章内容；与原句的内容极为相似，只是在程度或范围上有些变动。细节理解题大致可分为语意转换题、先后排序题、数字计算题、图文转换题和信息快速寻找题，因广东卷已有信息匹配题专考快速寻找信息，因此，在阅读理解中广东卷不会出现此类题，重点是考语意转换题。下面分类讲解具体的解题技巧并进行相应的练习。语意转换题——断章取义法高考试题中的细节理解题主要是通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查考生对英语语言的理解能力。解题时注意以下3点：(1)解答这类题可用“断章取义法”，即带着问题，有针对性地扫读短文，迅速锁定相关词句或信息点，然后寻找相关的同义或反义表述，围绕主旨深刻理解材料。(2)问到what,when,which,where等具体细节时，往往有accordingtotheauthor（passage）这样的限制语，回答时，一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据，而不要凭自己的观点和经验去选择不符合文章内容的答案。(3)如果问题中含有否定意义的词语，如有not,except,least,never等，要特别留心，不要理解错了，而选相反的答案。(1)Inthefirstcase,wherewedon’ttelltheclerk,acoupleofthingswouldhappen.Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.Intheprocess,wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandself-respect.Wewouldalsodemonstratethatwecannotbetrusted,sinceweadvertiseour-dishonorbytellingourfamilyandfriends.Wedamageourownreputationsbytellingothers.(2007广东B)47.Theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto________.A.lyingB.stealingC.cheatingD.advertisingB(2)Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation(通货膨胀)?Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvalue,howeverhightheinterestrate.Onlyabraveman,oraveryrichone,darestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavings,andevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiquedocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques.(2007广东A)41.Accordingtothepassage,collectingantiqueclocks________.A.canhardlykeepthevalueofyoursavingsB.willcostmuchofyoursavingsC.mayincreaseyourwealthD.needsyourbraveryC(3)Whetherornutweareslavesoftimetodaydependsonourcultureandpersonality,butitisbelievedthatmanyyearsagokingskeptspecialslavestotellthetime.Certainmenwereverycleveratmeasuringthetimeofdayaccordingtothebeatingoftheirownhearts.Theyweremadetostandinafixedplaceandeveryhourorsowouldshoutthetime.Soitseemsthatthefirstclockswerehumanbeings.However,menquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandles,usedsandinhour-glasses,andinventedwater-clocks.Indeed,anyseriousstudentofantiqueshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalaces,statelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast.(2007广东A)43.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawaytomeasurethetime?A.Countingthebeatingofone’sownheart.B.Makinguseofcandles,sandandwater.C.Observingshadowscastbythesun.D.Keepingslavesbusydayandnight.D先后排序题——首尾定位法这种试题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。(1)Inthe119thcenturyEnglandpeoplelikedtogototheseaside.Inthosedays,ladiesworelongbathingdresses,andmenworebathingsuits.Womendidnotwalkaboutonthebeachintheirbathingdresses.Theyhiredabathingmachine.Abathingmachinewasusedforchangingin,andfortakingthebatherdowntothesea.Itcost2pencetohireamachineandanattendant.Whenshehadpaid,thebatherclimbedupthebackstepsandgotintothebathingmachine.Thenshechangedintoherbathingdress.Whenshehadchanged,themachinewaspulleddowntothesea.Thebathingmachinestoppedinthewaterandthebatherwentdownthefrontstepsintothewater.Ifshedidn’twanttogetintothesea,theattendantpulledherin.65.In19thcenturypeoplewhousedthebathingmachineusuallydidthefollowingthings.Whichistherightorderfordoingthem?a.Changingintobathingclothingb.Gettingoutofthebathingmachinec.Paying2penced.Gettingintothebathingmachinee.Beingtakendownthebeachf.GettingintothewaterA.e,d,a,b,f,cB.c,d,a,e,b,fC.c,d,e,a,b,fD.d,a,e,b,f,cB(2)Fatandshy,BenSaunderswasthelastkidinhisclasspickedforanysportsteam…Itwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthdaythatchangedhim.Atfirsthewentbikingaloneinanearbyforest.Thenhebegantoridethebikealongwitharunnerfriend.Gradually,Saunderssetuphismindonbuildinguphisbody,increasinghisspeedandstrength.Attheageof18,heranhisfirstmarathon.ThefollowingyearhemetJohnRidgwayandwashiredasaninstructoratRidgway’sschoolofadventureinScotland,wherehelearntaboutRidgway’scold-waterexploits.Greatlyinterested,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutNorthPoleexplorersandadventures,thedecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture.In2001,afterbecomingaskillfulskier,Saundersstartedhisfirstlong-distanceexpeditiontowardstheNorthPole…andhe’sskiedmoreoftheNorthPolebyhimselfthananyotherBritishman.Hisoldplaymateswouldnotbelievethechange.NextOctober,Saunders,27,headssouthfromthecoastofAntarcticatotheSouthPoleandback,a2900-kilometerjourneythathasneverbeencompletedonskis.2.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheeventsthathappenedtoSaunders?a.Heranhisfirstmarathon.b.HeskiedaloneintheNorthPole.c.Herodehisbikein