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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 初中英语专题复习状语从句课件
状语从句讲练什么是从句?必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子;必须有连接词;必须是陈述句什么是状语从句状语从句就是用一个从句充当句子的状语部分表示时间、地点、原因、目的…的成分Wesleepatnightathome.什么是状语?条件状语原因状语目的状语地点状语比较状语结果状语时间状语让步状语方式状语从状语从句的意义和作用来看,一般可分为9大类(每一个状语从句都必须有特定的连接词,使用时根据具体情况而定)1.时间状语从句•引导时间状语从句的连接词常有:•当……时:when,while,as,•表时间先后:after,before,•一……就:assoonas,•自从……以来:since,•直到:until•从句动词为非延续性动词when•Theboycriedwhenhesawhismother.•从句动词为延续性动词while,as,when均可•When/As/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbell.辨析:when/while/aswhile强调“在……的同时”as强调“伴随”的状态TomwassleepingwhileJerrywasgivingatalk.Aswintercomesnear,hiscoughgetsworse.值得注意的是:while引导的一般用进行时态;when引导的一般用过去时态。eg:Iwasmakingaphonewhentheladycamein.WhilehewasstayinginLondon,helearnedalittleFrench.when+非延续性、延续性动词while+延续性动词Whentheteachercamein,Iwassleeping.=While/WhenIwassleeping,theteachercamein.※before介词1.加于时间前:before5o’clock2.加于某人前:beforethewitness3.加于某物前:Yournamecomesbeforemineonthelist.ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.肯定句“才”否定句“就”itwillbe+一段时间before......多久之后才...itwon’tbe+一段时间before......用不了多久就....※before连词Afterthegirlfinishedherperformance,everyonebegantoclaphishands.Tip:因为before和after引导的时间状语从句已非常明显的表达了动作的先后,所以在这个句子中,不需要用hadfinished这个过去完成时态。Beforeyoutakethemedicine,you’dbetterreadthedirectionsfirst.Tip:一般来说,在时间状语从句中,我们用一般现在时代替一般将来时,所以在这个句子中,用youtake代替you’lltake.※till,until和not…until:1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时,主句的动词是延续性动词,表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间,意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如:Wewaiteduntilhecame.2.用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词(短暂性动词),从句为肯定,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如:Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3.till不可以置于句首,而until可以。如:UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.assoonasAssoonastheboysawhismother,hebegantosmile.AssoonasIgettoParis,Iwillwritetoyou.sinceIhavemadealotoffriendssinceIcamehere.Tip:since引导的状语从句表达动作或状态从过去的某时刻一直延续到现在。2.条件状语从句•表主句动作发生的前提或条件•连接词:if;unless(=ifnot)•例:Youwillnotpasstheexamunlessyouworkhard(你不会通过考试,除非你努力学习)•=Youwillnotpasstheexamifyoudon’tworkhard(如果你努力学习,你就会通过考试)Unlessyoutellmethetruth,orIcan’tdoanythingforyou.•Tip:在中文中习惯用“除非……否则”,但在英文中,使用了unless连接的条件状语从句,就不能使用or。Unlessyoutellmethetruth,Ican’tdoanythingforyou.Youtellmethetruth,orIcan’tdoanythingforyou.当然,这个句子我们也可以直接用or引导并列分句来引导:Tellmethetruth,orIcan’tdoanythingforyou.类似的不能使用在同一个句子中的连接词有:•Although……but……•Because……so……翻译:尽管他年纪已经很大了,但他从来没有放弃过学习Althoughheisold,henevergivesuplearning.=Heisold,buthenevergivesuplearning.因为他很紧张,所以他犯了很多错误。Becausehewasnervous,hemadelotsofmistakes.=Hewasnervous,sohemadelotsofmistakes.逻辑关系•转折引导词:•evenifeventhoughalthoughthough语气•强度依次减弱3.让步状语从句翻译•“即使下雨,她也是走着去工作”强语气•Eventhoughitwasraining,shewalkedtowork弱语气•Thoughitwasraining,shewalkedtoworkNomatterwhatyoudo,dowithyourmight.Whateveryoudo,dowithyourmight.(1)nomatter+特殊疑问词=特殊疑问词+ever表示“无论”的让步状语从句4.原因状语从句because语气最强,回答whysince众所周知的原因既然as伴随性的原因for语气最弱,不置于句首看例句并翻译:•Tom’sfatherhastogiveupsmoking,becausehecoughsdayandnight.•Sinceitisraining,we’dbettertakeataxi.Thebossbeathimjustbecausehebrokethebowls.“只是……因为”的话,只能用justbecause或onlybecause.这时,because不可以换作since,for或as.5.目的状语从句常考引导词sothatinorderthatIncase(以防万一)解释主句动作发生的目的看例句并翻译:1.Heworkedhardsothatthebossmightgivehimmoremoney.2.Inorderthathecanearnmoremoney,Tomdoesapart-timejob.•Tip:从这2个句子中可看出,inorderthat引导的目的状语从句可放句首,但sothat引导的目的状语从句不可以放句首。6.结果状语从句常考引导词So...thatSuch...that说明主句动作发生产生的结果so...that•句型归纳:•so+adj./adv.+that•Theproblemwassodifficultthatittookthemalongtimetoworkitout.•so+adj.(+a/an)+n.+that•Itissoniceaflowerthateveryonecomestoenjoyit.such...that•句型归纳:•such(+a/an)(+adj.)+n.+that•Heissuchakindmanthateveryonelikestobewithhim.Itissoniceaflowerthateveryonecomestoenjoyit.=Itissuchaniceflowerthateveryonecomestoenjoyit.Heissuchakindmanthateveryonelikestobewithhim.=Heissokindamanthateveryonelikestobewithhim.so...that与such...that可否互换?Tip:也就是说,如果要修饰的是可数名词单数,这两者是可以互换的。如果是不可数名词或可数名词复数,就不可以互换。7.比较状语从句•比较状语从句常用than或as…as,themore…themore等引导。than表示两者的比较,as…as表示程度相同的比较;Themore…themore…表示”越…越…”。例:Thatbookismoreinterestingthanthisone.HerunsasfastasI(do).ThemoreIseehim,thelessIlikehim.8.方式状语从句方式状语从句由as引导,表达主句动作发生的一种方式。例如:YoucandoitaswhatIjustdid.Doexactlyastheteacherdoes.9.地点状语从句地点状语从句由where,-where等引导,主要表达主句动作所发生的地点。例如:1.---Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?---Headvisedmetolivewheretheairisfresher.2.Parentsshouldkeepthemedicinewherechildrencan’tgetit.3.IfoundmyglasseswhereIhadleftthem.状语从句与状语从句的互换:1.Iwasmakingaphonecallwhentheladycamein.=WhileIwasmakingaphonecall,theladycamein.2.Therobotwillnotletyouinunlessyoushowyourpass.=Therobotwillnotletyouinifyoudon’tshowyourpass.3.Heissuchakindmanthateveryonelikestobewithhim.=Heissokindthatthateveryonelikestobewithhim.=Heissokindamanthateveryonelikestobewithhim.如果是不可数名词或复数名词,就不可以这样改写。Tom’sfatherhastogiveupsmoking,becausehecoughsdayandnight.=Tom’sfatherhastogiveupsmoking,forhecoughsdayandnight.这里注意for的位置,for引导并列分句,一般放于句子中间,不可以放句子开头。有些状语从句可转换成介词短语或不定式短语:1.WhilehewasstayinginLondon,helearnedalittleFrench.=DuringhisstayinLondon,helearnedalittleFrench.2.Beforeyoutakethemedicine,you’dbetterreadthedirectionsfirst.=Beforetakingthemedicine,you’dbetterreadthed
本文标题:初中英语专题复习状语从句课件
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