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Welcometoourclass!盱眙县第一中学刘守伟专题1冠词(articles)考点知识精讲考点训练1.umbrella,usefulbook,UFOhonestboy,one-hourfilm,m2.--DoyouknowaboutboynamedBob?--Ofcourse.Heis______realfanofYaoMing.He’scrazyaboutbasketball.A.an,theB./,aC.the,anD.a,a3.—Haveyouseeneraser?Ileftitherethismorning.—Isit__newone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.an;theB.the;theC.an;aD.the;aDCanaaaanan4.JeremyLin,_____NBAstar,usedtobe____unknownplayerinNewYorkKnicks.A.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;an5.______womanreadinganewspaperis____universityteacher.A.A;anB.The;aC.The;anD.A;theBB冠词不定冠词a/an定冠词the零冠词(/)一、不定冠词a/an的用法1.不定冠词用来表示“一”这个数量,其意思和“one”差不多。—CanIhelpyou,madam?—Iwantanorangeskirtformydaughter.2.首次提到某事物时用a/an。Iboughtanewdressyesterday.3.泛指人或事物的某一类,尤其是作表语时要用a+单数名词,而不用the+单数名词。Thedogisanhonestanimaltohumanbeings.狗是对人类忠诚的动物。4.用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前,有“每一”之意,相当于every。WehavePElessonstwiceaweek.5.泛指某人或某物。Aboyislookingatyou.一个男孩在看你。6.用于可视为一体的两个名词前。aknifeandfork一副刀叉Mr.GengisaChineseteacherandheadteacher.7.用于某些习语中,如:alittle/few/bit,inahurry,catchacold,haveagoodtime,havearest,forawhile,inaword8.用于固定结构后,如:quite/half/many/such+a(an)+名词He'squiteafamousartist.他是个很有名的艺术家。特别注意:不定冠词a/an的区别a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,判断一个单词是元音开头还是辅音开头,要根据其读音,而不是根据首字母。如:anhonestboy,ausefulbookThereisan“f”intheword“five”.在“five”中有字母“f”。我们可以这样来记忆:不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音。(1)在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。(2)以u开头的单词,要注意区别。如:anumbrella,anunusualstory,anunhappyboy,auniversity,ausefulbook,anuncleanuglyman,aUFO,anunfairman。(3)其它anhour,anhonestgirl,anhonour,anNBAplayer,anMP4player等。二、定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1.特指双方都明白的人或物。Takethemedicine.把药吃了。2.上文提到过的人或物。Heboughtahouse.I'vebeentothehouse.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。3.指世上独一无二的事物,如:thesun。4.被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事物,如:Ireallylikethefilmthatwesawlastnight.5.与形容词连用表示一类人,如:therich“富人”;用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。theGreens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)6.用在序数词和形容词最高级及形容词only,same等前面。Iliveonthesecondfloor.Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.Thisboxisthesamesizeasthatone.(或用于对两个人或事物比较时起特指作用的比较级前。Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.两个男孩中他较高点。)7.表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前。Shecaughtmebythearm.她抓住了我的手臂。8.用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前。thePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国theUnitedStates美国9.用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前,但中国乐器前不加the。playthepiano弹钢琴(guitar,violin)10.用于方向名词或表示江河、山脉、海峡等专有地理名称前。inthesoutheastof,atthebackof,theRedSea11.用在逢十的复数名词前,表示年代,也指人的大约岁数。Theyounggirlisinthethirties.这个年轻的女孩大约三十几岁。12.用在惯用语中。inthemorning/afternoon/evening,intheend,bytheway,attheageof,atthemoment等。三、零冠词的用法1.在专有名词前不加冠词,如国名、省名、城市名、街名、公园名等。SanyaisinHainanProvince.三亚在海南省。2.一日三餐、球类运动和学科名词前不加冠词。Theylikeplayingfootballafterschool.他们喜欢放学后踢足球。IlikeEnglishverymuch.我非常喜欢英语。3.表示节日、季节、星期、月份的名词前不加冠词the。Itissummernow.现在是夏天。4.表示称呼或头衔的名词前,不加冠词。ThisisProfessorWang.这是王教授。Heiscaptainoftheteam.他是队长。5.在有物主代词、不定代词、指示代词等作定语的名词前,不用冠词。HisbirthdayisSeptember8th.他的生日是9月8日。6.不可数名词前一般不用冠词。Whichdoeshelikebetter,fishorchicken?他更喜欢哪一个,鱼还是鸡?7.泛指的复数名词前不用冠词。Animalsliveintheforest.动物生活在树林里。8.与by连用的交通工具前不用冠词,但与take或介词连用时,名词前要加冠词。Theyoftengotoschoolbybus.takeabus,inaboat,onthebike9.在某些固定的词组或习语中,不用冠词。watchTV,atfirst/last,introuble/danger,on/intime,gotoschool/work,atnoon/night等。gotoschoolgototheschoolgotobedgotothebedinhospitalinthehospitalattableatthetableatschoolattheschoolinclassintheclass上学(是学生)到学校去(不一定是学生)就寝,上床睡觉向床边走去,走到床前(不一定是睡觉)因病住院在医院里(不一定是病人)在就餐在桌子旁边在上学在学校里在上课在班级里特别注意:1.有定冠词与无定冠词的区别infutureinthefutureinfrontofinthefrontofnextyearthenextyearbyseabytheseainbedinthebedonearthontheearth今后将来(…外部的)前面(…内部的)前面明年第二年乘船在海边(睡、病、躺)在床上(某物)在床上究竟在地球上2.序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别“the+序数词”表示“第几……”;“a+序数词”表示“又一,再一”。如:Thecakeisdelicious,andIwouldlikeasecondone.蛋糕很好吃,我想再吃一块。3.anumberof与thenumberof的辨析anumberof意思是“许多”,相当于alotof;thenumberof意思是“……的数目,……的数量”,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Anumberofstudentslikeplayingcomputergames.Thenumberofthestudentsinourgradeisabout1,450inourschool.4.当名词被其他词修饰时,不定冠词a或an的位置应注意:(1)当名词被such,half,what,修饰时,不定冠词放在这些词之后。如:Mr.Liuissuchagoodteacherthatallthestudentslikehim.Ittookmehalfanhourtowritetheletter.Whataninterestingbookitis!(2)当名词前面的形容词前有so,how,too等词时,不定冠词应放在形容词后。如:Shewassoniceagirlthatshetooktheblindmantothestation.Howniceafilmthisis!冠词练习(中考真题+中考预测)1.(2011·泰安)—Didyougetthereby________bike?—No,Itook________taxi.A.a;aB./;aC.the;theD.a;the2.(2011·青岛)—Haveyouseen________pen?Ileftoneherethismorning.—Isit________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;theCC3.(2011·新疆)Thereis_____“u”and____“h”inthewordhour.A.an;anB.a;aC.an;aD.a;an4.(2011·乌鲁木齐)________areplanningtogoonvacation.A.Black'sB.ABlack’sC.TheBlack'sD.TheBlacksDD5.(2011·安徽)It'snot________goodideatodriveforfourhourswithout________break.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the6.(2011·上海)Thisnovelcanmakeyoulaughandcryat________sametime.A.aB.anC.theD./AC7.(2011·成都)—Is________magazineyours,Joe?—No,Idon'thave_______magazine.A.a;aB.the;theC.the;a8.(2011·广东)Ireallylike________bookyoulentmeyesterday.A.aB.anC.theD./CC9.(2010中考变式题)Themovieissuch________wonderfulsciencefictionmoviethatIwanttoseeit________secondtime.A.a;aB.a;theC./;theD./;a10.(2012中考预测题)—Howabout________fashionshow?—Ishouldsayitwas________success.A.the;aB.the;/C.a;aD.a
本文标题:2012年二轮中考英语语法专题课件1冠词
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